scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori prevalence in healthy Mexican children: comparison between two non-invasive methods

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11546
Author(s):  
Verónica I. Martínez-Santos ◽  
Manuel Hernández Catalán ◽  
Luis Octavio Ojeda Salazar ◽  
Octavio Andrei Orozco Gómez ◽  
Sandra Ines Lorenzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Suspected Infection ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
Feasible Alternative ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
H Pylori

Background Helicobacter pylori detection in asymptomatic children with suspected infection or with symptoms that suggest gastric pathology is problematic, since most of the methods depend on the endoscopic study, an invasive and expensive method. Non-invasive methods can be a feasible alternative but must be validated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the concordance between H. pylori DNA detection in saliva and dental plaque by PCR, with antigen detection in stool by immunochromatography, among asymptomatic children in the state of Guerrero, Mexico. Methods Dental plaque, saliva, and stool samples were obtained from 171 children between 6 and 12 years old. H. pylori detection in saliva and dental plaque was performed by PCR using specific primers for the 16S rRNA gene, while the detection in stool samples was performed by immunochromatography using the CerTest kit. Results We found an overall H. pylori prevalence of 59.6% (102/171). Of the H. pylori positive children 18% (20/111) were positive in saliva samples, 28.1% (34/121) in dental plaque samples, and 50.4% (71/141) in stool samples. A higher prevalence was found in girls (64.7%, p = 0.002). Although some of the children declared some dyspeptic symptoms, these were no related to H. pylori. In conclusion, we found a high prevalence of H. pylori in asymptomatic children and the highest proportion was detected by stool antigen test, which was the most feasible method to detect H. pylori infection.

scholarly journals Prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori vacAGenotypes andcagAGene in Dental Plaque of Asymptomatic Mexican Children

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandra Mendoza-Cantú ◽  
Víctor Hugo Urrutia-Baca ◽  
Cynthia Sofía Urbina-Ríos ◽  
Myriam Angélica De la Garza-Ramos ◽  
Martha Elena García-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Oral Infection ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Mexican Children ◽  
Asymptomatic Children ◽  
Dyspeptic Symptoms ◽  
H Pylori

The variability inHelicobacter pylori vacAandcagAgenes has been related to the progression of the gastrointestinal disease; also the presence ofH. pyloriin the oral cavity has been associated with periodontal disease in adults, but, in children without dyspeptic symptoms, little is known about this. We evaluated the prevalence ofH. pyloriand the presence ofvacA/cagAgenotypes in the oral cavity of Mexican children without dyspeptic symptoms. The gingival status was measured, and dental plaque samples (n=100) were taken. 38% of children were positive forH. pylori16S rRNA gene by qPCR. A significant association betweenH. pylorioral infection and gingival status was observed (P<0.001). In 34.6% (9/26) of mild gingivitis cases,s1m2genotype was found, whiles1m1was typed in 50% (3/6) of moderate gingivitis. ThecagAprevalence amongH. pylori-positive children was 80.8% (21/26), 83.3% (5/6), and 16.7% (1/6) of cases of mild gingivitis, moderate gingivitis, and nongingivitis, respectively (P<0.001). Thes1m1/cagA+ combinational genotype was the most detected in children with gingivitis. Our results suggest that the prevalence ofH. pyloriand detection ofvacA/cagAgenotypes-associated gastrointestinal disease in the oral cavity could be related to the progression of gingivitis in asymptomatic children.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Rapid stool antigen test for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with dyspepsia

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Salma Khatun ◽  
Fahmida Rahman ◽  
Khandaker Shadia ◽  
Indrajit Kumar Dutta ◽  
Mohammad Nazmul Hoq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
H Pylori

Background and objectives: Several diagnostic assays are used for the detection of Helicobacter pylori infection in suspected peptic ulcer cases. H. pylori stool antigen test is a non-invasive method for the detection of active infection. The present study has evaluated the efficacy of rapid stool antigen test to diagnose H. pylori infection in patients with dyspepsia.Materials and methods: Adult patients with complains of dyspepsia attending the Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Diseases (GHPD) of BIRDEM hospital for endoscopy were included. Gastric biopsy, blood and stool samples were obtained from each participant after informed written consent. Rapid urease test (RUT), serum H. pylori immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG and rapid H. pylori stool antigen (HpSAg) tests were performed. Only stool samples were obtained from 31 neonates aged 1 to 30 days as negative control for HpSAg test.Results: A total of 91 adult patients with complain of dyspepsia were included in the study. Out of 91 cases, 17 (18.7%) and 74 (81.3%) had peptic ulcer and erosion respectively. HpSAg was positive in 63.7% cases compared to 42.9% and 62.6% respectively by RUT and IgA. The rate of HpSAg positivity was significantly higher (p<0.05) in ulcer compared to erosion cases. HpSAg test was positive in all (100%) RUT positive cases. Combination of HpSAg test and IgA yielded highest positive result in both ulcer (82.4%) and erosion (84%) cases. H. pylori IgG was positive in all cases.Conclusion: The study has demonstrated that HpSAg test is an effective and non-invasive diagnostic tool to detect active H. pylori infection in suspected dyspeptic patients.IMC J Med Sci 2016; 10(2): 39-44

scholarly journals Evaluation of a stool antigen test using a mAb for native catalase for diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in children and adults

2014 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 1621-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masumi Okuda ◽  
Takako Osaki ◽  
Shogo Kikuchi ◽  
Junko Ueda ◽  
Yingsong Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
H Pylori

Non-invasive diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection is important not only for screening of infection but also for epidemiological studies. Stool antigen tests are non-invasive and are convenient to identify H. pylori infection, particularly in children. We evaluated the stool antigen test, which uses a mAb for native catalase of H. pylori developed in Japan. A total of 151 stool samples were collected from participants (52 children and 99 adults) of the Sasayama Cohort Study and stored between −30 and −80 °C. The stool antigen test used was Testmate pylori antigen (TPAg), and was performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Furthermore, we conducted a quantitative real-time PCR test and compared the PCR results with those of the TPAg test. When compared with the results in real-time PCR, the sensitivity of TPAg was 89.5 % overall, 82.7 % for children and 92.4 % for adults, and the specificity was 100 %. The accuracy was 93.4 % overall, 90.4 % for children and 94.9 % for adults, and there was no significant difference in the accuracy of TPAg between children and adults. Five of 28 children (18 %) and five of 38 adults (13 %) were PCR positive with negative TPAg results. Four of five children with positive PCR and negative TPAg results were given a 13C-urea breath test and all four children tested negative. No significant correlation was observed between the TPAg results and DNA numbers of H. pylori in faeces among children or adults. A stool antigen test (TPAg) using a mAb for native catalase is useful for diagnosis of H. pylori in children and adults. Additionally, this test has particularly high specificity.

scholarly journals Current Helicobacter pylori Diagnostics

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1458
Author(s):  
Dmitry S. Bordin ◽  
Irina N. Voynovan ◽  
Dmitrii N. Andreev ◽  
Igor V. Maev
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Precancerous Lesions ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Blue Laser ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
H Pylori

The high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and the variety of gastroduodenal diseases caused by this pathogen necessitate the use of only accurate methods both for the primary diagnosis and for monitoring the eradication effectiveness. There is a broad spectrum of diagnostic methods available for detecting H. pylori. All methods can be classified as invasive or non-invasive. The need for upper endoscopy, different clinical circumstances, sensitivity and specificity, and accessibility defines the method chosen. This article reviews the advantages and disadvantages of the current options and novel developments in diagnostic tests for H. pylori detection. The progress in endoscopic modalities has made it possible not only to diagnose precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer but also to predict H. pylori infection in real time. The contribution of novel endoscopic evaluation technologies in the diagnosis of H. pylori such as visual endoscopy using blue laser imaging (BLI), linked color imaging (LCI), and magnifying endoscopy is discussed. Recent studies have demonstrated the capability of artificial intelligence to predict H. pylori status based on endoscopic images. Non-invasive diagnostic tests such as the urea breathing test and stool antigen test are recommended for primary diagnosis of H. pylori infection. Serology can be used for initial screening and epidemiological studies. The histology showed its value in detecting H. pylori and provided more information about the degree of gastric mucosa inflammation and precancerous lesions. Molecular methods are mainly used in detecting antibiotic resistance of H. pylori. Cultures from gastric biopsies are the gold standard and recommended for antibiotic susceptibility tests.

Novel high resolution melt curve assay for the analysis of predominance of Helicobacter pylori clarithromycin resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doron Boltin ◽  
Olga Ashorov ◽  
Lucie Benejat ◽  
Dalal Hamouda ◽  
Rachel Gingold Belfer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
High Resolution Melt ◽  
Clarithromycin Resistance ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Antigen Tests ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACT Clarithromycin resistance is the most common cause of Helicobacter pylori treatment failure and it is attributed to three point mutations, A2142G, A2142C and A2143G, within the 23S rRNA gene. We aimed to determine the prevalence of H. pylori clarithromycin resistance using a novel high resolution melt assay. A total of 151 stool samples were collected from treatment-naïve patients with general gastric discomfort who also performed 13CO2 breath tests. Stool antigen tests were also performed on 126 of the 151 stool samples collected. Bacterial DNA was extracted from the stool and analyzed by comparing it with four reference plasmids incorporating the three mutations and the wild type (WT) sequences. The melt assay detected 106 H. pylori positive samples, of which 54 had a WT sequence, and 52 had a point mutation associated with clarithromycin resistance, including A2142G in 10, A2142C in 13, A2143G in 18 and heterozygosity (multiple peaks) in 11. Compared with the gold standards (13CO2 breath and stool antigen tests), the melt assay had a sensitivity of 100% and 99% and a specificity of 82% and 78%, respectively. Therefore, our stool-based molecular assay is able to identify H. pylori infection and clarithromycin resistance. It could be used for screening prior to administration of clarithromycin eradication therapy.

scholarly journals Retrospective Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori Antigen Positivity in the Stool Samples of Patients with Gastroduodenal Complaints

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tevhide Ziver Sarp ◽  
Harika Öykü Dinç ◽  
Doğukan Özbey ◽  
Seher Akkuş ◽  
Beyza Aslan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Age Range

Objective: Helicobacter pylori is an important pathogen that causes the development of important gastroduodenal pathologies such as acute and chronic gastritis, ulcer and gastric cancer. This pathogen is estimated to infect about half of the world’s population. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the five-year data retrospectively by investigating the presence of H. pylori antigen in stool samples taken from patients who applied to Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty Medical Microbiology Department Serology/ELISA laboratory with gastroduodenal complaints between January 2015 and December 2019. Method: Stool specimens of 4696 patients admitted to the hospital with gastroduodenal complaints between January 2015 and December 2019 were analyzed using an immunochromotographic H. pylori stool antigen test containing monoclonal antibodies. Results: Among 4696 patients who were examined retrospectively in a five-year period, 1176 (25%) had positive, and 3520 (75%) of them negative H. pylori test results. H. pylori-positivity was found in 210 (21.30%) of 986 children and 966 (26.04%) of 3710 adults. H. pylori detection rate in children was found to be significantly lower than adults (p: 0.002). H. pylori positivity was found higher in the 30-39 age range compared to other age groups. Conclusion: Although current study results showed a lower prevalence compared to recent studies, it has been concluded that H. pylori is an important pathogen in all age groups with gastroduodenal complaints and should be monitored in the community.

scholarly journals Characterization of gut microbiome and metabolome in Helicobacter pylori patients in an underprivileged community in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian White ◽  
John Sterrett ◽  
Zoya Grigoryan ◽  
Lauren Lally ◽  
Jared Heinze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Fecal Microbiome ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
H Pylori

Background: Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium that infects approximately half of the world population, is associated with various gastrointestinal diseases, including peptic ulcers, non-ulcer dyspepsia, gastric adenocarcinoma, and gastric lymphoma. To combat the increasing antibiotic resistance of H. pylori, the need for new therapeutic strategies has become more pressing. Characterization of the interactions between H. pylori and the fecal microbiome, as well as the mechanisms underlying these interactions, may offer new therapeutic approaches. Exploration of changes in fatty acid metabolism associated with H. pylori-mediated alterations of the fecal microbiome may also reveal strategies to help prevent progression to neoplasia. Aim: To characterize the gut microbiome and metabolome in H. pylori patients in a socioeconomically challenged and underprivileged inner-city community. Methods: Stool samples from 19 H. pylori patients and 16 control subjects were analyzed. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on normalized pooled amplicons using the Illumina MiSeq System using a MiSeq reagent kit v2. Alpha and beta diversity analyses were performed in QIIME 2. Non-targeted fatty acid analysis of the samples was carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which measures the total content of 30 fatty acids in stool after conversion into their corresponding fatty acid methyl esters. Multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) was performed on Bray-Curtis distance matrices created from both the metabolomics and microbiome datasets and a Procrustes test was performed on the metabolomics and microbiome MDS coordinates. Results: Fecal microbiome analysis showed that alpha diversity was lowest in H. pylori patients over 40 years of age compared to control subjects of similar age group. Beta diversity analysis of the samples revealed significant differences in microbial community structure between H. pylori patients and control subjects. Thirty-eight and six taxa had lower and higher relative abundance in H. pylori patients, respectively. Taxa that were enriched in H. pylori patients included Atopobium, Gemellaceae, Micrococcaceae, Gemellales and Rothia (R. mucilaginosa). Notably, relative abundance of the phylum Verrucomicrobia was decreased in H. pylori patients compared to control subjects, suggesting disruption of the gut mucosal environment by H. pylori. Procrustes analysis showed a significant relationship between the microbiome and metabolome datasets. Stool samples from H. pylori patients showed increases in several fatty acids including the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) 22:4n6, 22:5n3, 20:3n6 and 22:2n6, while decreases were noted in other fatty acids including the PUFA 18:3n6. The pattern of changes in fatty acid concentration correlated to the Bacteroidetes:Firmicutes ratio determined by 16S rRNA gene analysis. Conclusion: An individualized understanding of gut microbiome features among H. pylori patients will pave the way for improved community impact, reduced healthcare burdens of repeated treatment, and decreased mounting resistance.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Different Laboratory Tests to Diagnose Helicobacter pylori Infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Shahin Ul Islam ◽  
Shamsun Nahar ◽  
Mst Naznin Sarker ◽  
ASM Salimullah ◽  
Mohammad Asadur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Antigen Test ◽  
Stool Antigen Test ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Stool Antigen ◽  
H Pylori

Helicobacter pylori is a Gram negative bacteria which causes chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, primary B-cell gastric lymphoma, and adenocarcinoma of the stomach. There are a set of laboratory tests to diagnose H. pylori infection with a variable accuracy, they are divided into non-invasive tests and invasive tests. Non-invasive tests include serology, urea breath test (UBT) and stool antigen test (SAT). Invasive tests include rapid urease test (RUT), histology and culture. This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) and H. pylori laboratory of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B) from July 2008 to September 2009 to evaluate the efficacy of RUT, SAT and Culture as a diagnostic tool for H. pylori. Dyspeptic patients were collected from outpatient department of BSMMU. Out of 224 dyspeptic patients 149 patients had ulcers or erosions in the stomach or duodenum. Stool sample could be collected from 139 patients. RUT has sensitivity of 100%, specificity 80.28%, positive predictive value 85% and negative predictive value 100%. Regarding culture, sensitivity is 100%, specificity 94.37%, positive predictive value 95% and negative predictive value 100%. Stool antigen test has sensitivity 95.94%, specificity 92.31%,positive predictive value 93% and negative predictive value 95%. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/fmcj.v8i1.16890 Faridpur Med. Coll. J. 2013;8(1): 11-14

scholarly journals Helicobacter pylori specific nested PCR assay for the detection of 23S rRNA mutation associated with clarithromycin resistance

Gut ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Maeda ◽  
H Yoshida ◽  
K Ogura ◽  
F Kanai ◽  
Y Shiratori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Specificity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Clarithromycin Resistance ◽  
23S Rrna Gene ◽  
H Pylori

Background—Clarithromycin is one of the most important antibiotics for Helicobacter pylori eradication. However, 5–10% of strains are reported to be resistant. It has been shown that one point mutation in the 23S rRNA gene is associated with resistance to clarithromycin.Aims—To establish a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system which amplifies a segment of the 23S rRNA gene containing the mutation points with primers specific forH pylori, so that H pylori infection and the mutation associated with clarithromycin resistance can be examined simultaneously.Methods—To detectH pylori infection and the mutation simultaneously, primers specific for the H pylori 23S rRNA gene were designed based on sequence conservation among H pylori strains and sequence specificity as compared with other bacteria. DNA from 57 cultured strains and from 39 gastric juice samples was amplified in the seminested 23S rRNA PCR. Clinical applicability was evaluated in 85 patients.Results—DNA samples from 57 cultured strains were all amplified. The novel assay and the urease A PCR agreed in 37/39 gastric juice samples with no false positives. The assay did not amplify the DNA of bacteria other thanH pylori. Eight of 85 samples had the mutation before treatment. In clarithromycin based treatment, eradication was achieved in 2/5 (40%) with the mutation and 29/34 (85%) without the mutation.Conclusion—The assay using gastric juice is quick (within 12 hours) and non-invasive (endoscopy not required), enabling rapid initiation of appropriate antibiotic treatment.

scholarly journals Non-invasive Diagnostic of Helicobacter pylori in Stools by Nested-qPCR

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
María I. Taborda ◽  
Gisela Aquea ◽  
Yenny Nilo ◽  
Karla Salvatierra ◽  
Nicolás López ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Fecal Sample ◽  
Gastric Biopsy ◽  
Giemsa Stain ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Qpcr Analysis ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
H Pylori

The aim of this study was to develop a non-invasive diagnostic test for the detection of Helicobacter pylori in stool samples from digestive symptomatic patients, using a new protocol of nested-qPCR. A total of 143 patients were invited to participate in the study. A gastric biopsy of each patient was collected for Rapid Urease Testing (RUT) and histology by Giemsa stain. A fecal sample for nested-qPCR analysis was also obtained. DNA was extracted from the fecal samples, and conventional PCR followed by qPCR of the ureC gene of H. pylori was carried out. We evaluated the presence of H. pylori, in 103 females and 40 males, mean (± SD) age of 56.5 ± 14.18. The sensitivity of RUT to detect the infection was 67.0% (95% C.I.: 57.2 – 75.8) and specificity was 92.3% (95% C.I.: 76.5 – 99.1). Histology by Giemsa stain, commonly used as a reference for H. pylori detection, showed a sensitivity of 98.6% (95% C.I.: 92.5 – 100.0) and a specificity of 89.7% (95% C.I.: 72.7 – 97.8). In contrast, detection of H. pylori infection in stools by nested-qPCR showed a sensitivity of 100% (95% C.I.: 94.9 – 100.0) and a specificity of 83.9% (95% C.I.: 66.3 – 94.6). Our test, based in nested-qPCR is a better diagnostic alternative than conventional RUT, and is similar to histology by Giemsa stain in the detection of H. pylori, by which the test could be used for non-invasive diagnosis in clinical practice.

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