scholarly journals Methodological considerations in assessment of language lateralisation with fMRI: a systematic review

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail R. Bradshaw ◽  
Dorothy V.M. Bishop ◽  
Zoe V.J. Woodhead
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Multiple Regions ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Language Laterality

The involvement of the right and left hemispheres in mediating language functions has been measured in a variety of ways over the centuries since the relative dominance of the left hemisphere was first known. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) presents a useful non-invasive method of assessing lateralisation that is being increasingly used in clinical practice and research. However, the methods used in the fMRI laterality literature currently are highly variable, making systematic comparisons across studies difficult. Here we consider the different methods of quantifying and classifying laterality that have been used in fMRI studies since 2000, with the aim of determining which give the most robust and reliable measurement. Recommendations are made with a view to informing future research to increase standardisation in fMRI laterality protocols. In particular, the findings reinforce the importance of threshold-independent methods for calculating laterality indices, and the benefits of assessing heterogeneity of language laterality across multiple regions of interest and tasks. This systematic review was registered as a protocol on Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/hyvc4/.

scholarly journals Methodological considerations in assessment of language lateralisation with fMRI: a systematic review

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail R. Bradshaw ◽  
Dorothy V. M. Bishop ◽  
Zoe V. J. Woodhead
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Multiple Regions ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Language Laterality

The involvement of the right and left hemispheres in mediating language functions has been measured in a variety of ways over the centuries since the relative dominance of the left hemisphere was first known. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) presents a useful non-invasive method of assessing lateralisation that is being increasingly used in clinical practice and research. However, the methods used in the fMRI laterality literature currently are highly variable, making systematic comparisons across studies difficult. Here we consider the different methods of quantifying and classifying laterality that have been used in fMRI studies since 2000, with the aim of determining which give the most robust and reliable measurement. Recommendations are made with a view to informing future research to increase standardisation in fMRI laterality protocols. In particular, the findings reinforce the importance of threshold-independent methods for calculating laterality indices, and the benefits of assessing heterogeneity of language laterality across multiple regions of interest and tasks.

scholarly journals Methodological considerations in assessment of language lateralisation with fMRI: a systematic review

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail R. Bradshaw ◽  
Dorothy V. M. Bishop ◽  
Zoe V. J. Woodhead
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Multiple Regions ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Language Laterality

The involvement of the right and left hemispheres in mediating language functions has been measured in a variety of ways over the centuries since the relative dominance of the left hemisphere was first known. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) presents a useful non-invasive method of assessing lateralisation that is being increasingly used in clinical practice and research. However, the methods used in the fMRI laterality literature currently are highly variable, making systematic comparisons across studies difficult. Here we consider the different methods of quantifying and classifying laterality that have been used in fMRI studies since 2000, with the aim of determining which give the most robust and reliable measurement. Recommendations are made with a view to informing future research to increase standardisation in fMRI laterality protocols. In particular, the findings reinforce the importance of threshold-independent methods for calculating laterality indices, and the benefits of assessing heterogeneity of language laterality across multiple regions of interest and tasks.

scholarly journals Methodological considerations in assessment of language lateralisation with fMRI: a systematic review

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail R. Bradshaw ◽  
Zoe V. J. Woodhead ◽  
Dorothy V. M. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Reliable Measurement ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Multiple Regions ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
The Right ◽  
Language Laterality

The involvement of the right and left hemispheres in mediating language functions has been measured in a variety of ways over the centuries since the relative dominance of the left hemisphere was first known. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) presents a useful non-invasive method of assessing lateralisation that is being increasingly used in clinical practice and research. However, the methods used in the fMRI laterality literature currently are highly variable, making systematic comparisons across studies difficult. Here we consider the different methods of quantifying and classifying laterality that have been used in fMRI studies since 2000, with the aim of determining which give the most robust and reliable measurement. Recommendations are made with a view to informing future research to increase standardisation in fMRI laterality protocols. In particular, the findings reinforce the importance of threshold-independent methods for calculating laterality indices, and the benefits of assessing heterogeneity of language laterality across multiple regions of interest and tasks.

scholarly journals Measuring language lateralisation with different language tasks: a systematic review

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail R. Bradshaw ◽  
Paul A. Thompson ◽  
Alexander C. Wilson ◽  
Dorothy V.M. Bishop ◽  
Zoe V.J. Woodhead
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intractable Epilepsy ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Task Design ◽  
Hemispheric Dominance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Language Functions ◽  
Reliability And Robustness ◽  
High Level

Language lateralisation refers to the phenomenon in which one hemisphere (typically the left) shows greater involvement in language functions than the other. Measurement of laterality is of interest both to researchers investigating the neural organisation of the language system and to clinicians needing to establish an individual’s hemispheric dominance for language prior to surgery, as in patients with intractable epilepsy. Recently, there has been increasing awareness of the possibility that different language processes may develop hemispheric lateralisation independently, and to varying degrees. However, it is not always clear whether differences in laterality across language tasks with fMRI are reflective of meaningful variation in hemispheric lateralisation, or simply of trivial methodological differences between paradigms. This systematic review aims to assess different language tasks in terms of the strength, reliability and robustness of the laterality measurements they yield with fMRI, to look at variability that is both dependent and independent of aspects of study design, such as the baseline task, region of interest, and modality of the stimuli. Recommendations are made that can be used to guide task design; however, this review predominantly highlights that the current high level of methodological variability in language paradigms prevents conclusions as to how different language functions may lateralise independently. We conclude with suggestions for future research using tasks that engage distinct aspects of language functioning, whilst being closely matched on non-linguistic aspects of task design (e.g., stimuli, task timings etc); such research could produce more reliable and conclusive insights into language lateralisation. This systematic review was registered as a protocol on Open Science Framework: https://osf.io/5vmpt/.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Normative Studies Using Images of Common Objects

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Souza ◽  
Margarida V. Garrido ◽  
Joana C. Carmo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Visual Complexity ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Culturally Based

Common objects comprise living and non-living things people interact with in their daily-lives. Images depicting common objects are extensively used in different fields of research and intervention, such as linguistics, psychology, and education. Nevertheless, their adequate use requires the consideration of several factors (e.g., item-differences, cultural-context and confounding correlated variables), and careful validation procedures. The current study presents a systematic review of the available published norms for images of common objects. A systematic search using PRISMA guidelines indicated that despite their extensive use, the production of norms for such stimuli with adult populations is quite limited (N = 55), particularly for more ecological images, such as photos (N = 14). Among the several dimensions in which the items were assessed, the most commonly referred in our sample were familiarity, visual complexity and name agreement, illustrating some consistency across the reported dimensions while also indicating the limited examination of other potentially relevant dimensions for image processing. The lack of normative studies simultaneously examining affective, perceptive and semantic dimensions was also documented. The number of such normative studies has been increasing in the last years and published in relevant peer-reviewed journals. Moreover, their datasets and norms have been complying with current open science practices. Nevertheless, they are still scarcely cited and replicated in different linguistic and cultural contexts. The current study brings important theoretical contributions by characterizing images of common objects stimuli and their culturally-based norms while highlighting several important features that are likely to be relevant for future stimuli selection and evaluative procedures. The systematic scrutiny of these normative studies is likely to stimulate the production of new, robust and contextually-relevant normative datasets and to provide tools for enhancing the quality of future research and intervention.

scholarly journals A systematic review of the association between emotions and eating behaviour in normal and overweight adult populations

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracey J Devonport ◽  
Wendy Nicholls ◽  
Christopher Fullerton
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Overweight Adult ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Meta Analyses

A systematic review was completed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A comprehensive search of four electronic databases (2004–2015) yielded 60,017 articles, of which 29 met inclusion criteria. Included studies performed poorly on data quality analysis in terms of randomisation and controlling for confounding factors. Participant’s body mass index scores range from 19.73 (standard deviation = 1.54) to 28.4 (standard deviation = 1.4) kg/m2. Where positive and negative affects were compared, food was more likely to be consumed in response to positive affect. With regard to discrete emotions; stress, depression and sadness consistently elicited eating behaviours that fall outside of nutritional recommendations (e.g. increased food intake or poor nutritional food choices). The role of moderators including individual differences in dietary restraint and emotional eating, as well as methodological considerations, such as means of eliciting and measuring emotions, may account for equivocality with regard to some emotion and eating associations. This article concludes with recommendations for future research and implications for practice.

scholarly journals Italian age of acquisition norms for a large set of words (ItAoA)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Montefinese ◽  
David Vinson ◽  
Gabriella Vigliocco ◽  
Ettore Ambrosini
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Internal Reliability ◽  
Affective Norms ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
Source Of Information

Age of acquisition (AoA) is an important psycholinguistic variable that affects the performance of healthy individuals and patients in a large variety of cognitive tasks. For this reason, it becomes more and more compelling to collect new AoA norms for a large set of stimuli in order to allow better control and manipulation of AoA in future research. An important motivation of the present study is to extend previous Italian norms by collecting AoA ratings for a much larger range of Italian words for which concreteness and semantic-affective norms are now available thus ensuring greater coverage of words varying along these dimensions. In the present study, we collected AoA ratings for 1,957 Italian content words (adjectives, nouns and verbs), by asking healthy adult participants to estimate the age at which they thought they had learnt the word in a Web survey procedure. First, we found high split-half correlation within our sample, suggesting strong internal reliability. Second, our data indicate that the ratings collected in this study are as valid and reliable as those collected in previous studies for Italian across different age populations (adult and children) and other languages. Finally, we analyzed the relation between AoA ratings and other lexical-semantic variables (e.g. word frequency, imageability, valence, arousal) and showed that these correlations were generally consistent with the correlations reported in other normative studies for Italian and other languages. Therefore, our new AoA norms are a valuable source of information for future research in the Italian language. The datasets for this study can be found at the Open Science Framework repository (osf.io/3trg2).

scholarly journals Where to prospectively register a systematic review

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Pieper ◽  
Tanja Rombey
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Open Science ◽  
New Developments ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Study Type ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Responsible Party

Abstract Background Prospective registration aims to reduce bias in the conduct and reporting of research and to increase transparency. In addition, prospective registration of systematic reviews is argued to help preventing unintended duplication, thereby reducing research waste. PROSPERO was launched in 2011 as the first prospective register for systematic reviews. While it has long been the only option to prospectively register systematic reviews, recently there have been new developments. Our aim was to identify and characterize current options to prospectively register a systematic review to assist review authors in choosing a suitable register. Methods To identify systematic review registers, we independently performed internet searches in January 2021 using keywords related to systematic reviews and prospective registration. “Registration” was defined as the process of entering information about a planned systematic review into a database before starting the systematic review process. We collected data on the characteristics of the identified registries and contacted the responsible party of each register for verification of the data related to their registry. Results Overall, we identified five options to prospectively register a systematic review: PROSPERO, the Registry of Systematic Reviews/Meta-Analyses in Research Registry, and INPLASY, which are specific to systematic reviews, and the Open Science Framework Registries and protocols.io, which represent generic registers open to any study type. Detailed information on each register is presented in tables in the main text. Regarding the systematic-review-specific registries, authors have to trade-off between the costs of registration and the processing time of their registration record. All registers provide an option to search for systematic reviews already registered in the register. However, it is unclear how useful these search functions are. Conclusion Authors can prospectively register their systematic review in five registries, which come with different characteristics and features. The research community should discuss fair and sustainable financing models for registers that are not operated by for-profit organizations.

scholarly journals Interventions to Mitigate COVID-19 Misinformation: Protocol for a Scoping Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navin Kumar ◽  
Nathan Walter ◽  
Kate Nyhan ◽  
Kaveh Khoshnood ◽  
Joseph D Tucker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Study Selection ◽  
Scoping Reviews ◽  
Science Framework

Abstract Background: The duration and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic depends in a large part on individual and societal actions which is influenced by the quality and salience of the information to which they are exposed. Unfortunately, COVID-19 misinformation has proliferated. To date, no systematic efforts have been made to evaluate interventions that mitigate COVID-19-related misinformation. We plan to conduct a scoping review that seeks to fill several of the gaps in the current knowledge of interventions that mitigate COVID-19-related misinformation.Methods: A scoping review focusing on interventions that mitigate COVID-19 misinformation will be conducted. We will search (from January 2020 onwards) MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science Core Collection, Africa-Wide Information, Global Health, WHO Global Literature on Coronavirus Disease Database, WHO Global Index Medicus, and Sociological Abstracts. Grey literature will be identified using Disaster Lit, Google Scholar, Open Science Framework, governmental websites and preprint servers (e.g. EuropePMC, PsyArXiv, MedRxiv, JMIR Preprints). Study selection will conform to Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual 2020 Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews. Only English language, original studies will be considered for inclusion. Two reviewers will independently screen all citations, full-text articles, and abstract data. A narrative summary of findings will be conducted. Data analysis will involve quantitative (e.g. frequencies) and qualitative (e.g. content and thematic analysis) methods.Discussion: Original research is urgently needed to design interventions to mitigate COVID-19 misinformation. The planned scoping review will help to address this gap.Systematic Review registrations: Systematic Review Registration: Open Science Framework (osf/io/etw9d).

scholarly journals How we teach children with asthma to use their inhaler: A scoping review protocol

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McCrossan ◽  
Orla Mallon ◽  
Michael Shields ◽  
Dara O'Donoghue
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inhaler Technique ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Children With Asthma ◽  
Science Framework ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Abstract Background One reason that asthma remains poorly controlled in children is poor inhaler technique. Current guidelines recommend checking inhaler technique at each clinical visit. However, they do not specify how best to train children to mastery of correct inhaler technique. Currently many children are simply shown how to use inhalers (brief intervention) which results in less than 50% with correct inhaler technique. The aim of this scoping review is to explore published literature on teaching methods used to train children to master correct inhaler technique. Methods This scoping review will follow the Arksey and O'Malley framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. We will search (from inception onwards): MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL and the Cochrane library. We will include quantitative studies, (e.g. randomised controlled trials, cohort studies and case-control studies), published from the year 1956 to present, on teaching the skill of inhaler technique to children with asthma. Two reviewers will complete all screening and data abstraction independently. Data will be extracted onto a data charting table to create a descriptive summary of the results. Data will then be synthesised with descriptive statistics and visual mapping.Discussion This scoping review will provide a broad overview of currently used educational methods to improve inhaler technique in children with asthma. The analysis will allow us to refine future research in this area by focusing on the most effective methods and optimising them. Systematic review registration: Open Science Framework (osf.io/n7kcw).

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