scholarly journals Potent antibacterial, antioxidant and toxic activities of extracts from Passiflora suberosa L. leaves

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumudu R.V. Bandara ◽  
Chayanika Padumadasa ◽  
Dinithi C. Peiris
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

Passiflora suberosa L. belonging to the family Passifloraceae is an important medicinal plant used in traditional medicinal system in Sri Lanka to treat diabetes, hypertension and skin diseases. We extracted P. suberosa leaves under reflux conditions using different solvents (hexane, chloroform, methanol and water), then subjected to phytochemical screening. Alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins and saponins and anthraquinones were present in hexane and chloroform extracts. Alkaloids, unsaturated sterols, triterpenes, saponins, flavonoids and tannins were observed in both methanol and aqueous extracts. Proanthocyanidins were observed only in the aqueous extract. Hence, aqueous and methanol extracts with most classes of phytochemicals present were subjected to antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihaemolytic activities and Brine shrimp lethality studies. Antibacterial activity and minimum inhibition concentrations were evaluated using three Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecium) and three Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudumonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimuriam and Escherichia coli). The results indicated that only the methanol extract of P. suberosa exhibited antibacterial activities against all the strains of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial with stronger activity against Gram-negative bacteria. DPHH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy) scavenging assay was adopted to evaluate antioxidant properties while antihaemolytic and toxic activities were studied respectively using cow blood and Brine shrimp lethality assay. The IC50 values of the aqueous extract in both antioxidant and antihaemolytic assays were significantly lower than the standard ascorbic acid. Similar results were observed in the Brine shrimp lethality assay. In conclusion both aqueous and methanol extracts of P. suberosa leaves showed the presence of majority of phytochemicals including proanthocyanidins. Antibacterial activity was obtained only for methanol extract with better activity against Gram-negative bacteria. The aqueous extract showed better antioxidant, antihaemolytic and toxic activities than the methanol extract and their respective standards. Further investigations on the chemical composition and possible isolation of active ingredients is warranted.

A Benzofuranone from the Flowers of Nyctanthes arbortristis and its Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naznin Ara Khatune ◽  
M Asik Mossadik ◽  
M Mukhlesur Rahman ◽  
Proma Khondkar ◽  
M Ekramul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality

A benzofuranone, 3,3a,7,7a-tetrahydro-3a-hydroxy-6(2H)-benzofuranone (1), was isolated from the flower of Nyctanthes arbortristis Linn. The compound was identified by 1D and 2D NMR and MS analyses. It showed significant antibacterial activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The LC50 of the compound was found to be 8.73 mg/ml in brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Key words: Nyctanthes arbortristis, Nyctantheceae; 3,3a,7,7a-tetrahydro-3a-hydroxy-6(2H)-benzofuranone, Antibacterial, Cytotoxicity Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. Vol.4(1) 2005 The full text is of this article is available at the Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. website

scholarly journals Preliminary Screening for Antibacterial Properties of the Male Flowers of Phoenix dactylifera

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Emad M. Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Male Flowers

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial potential of the male flowers of Phoenix dactylifera (date palm tree) against five Gram-positive and five Gram-negative bacteria. Methods: Male flowers were collected and extracted by maceration using 80% methanol and the antibacterial activity was determined using cup-plate diffusion test, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) tests. Results: The methanol extract of male flowers of Phoenix dactylifera showed varying degrees of antibacterial activity against tested bacterial strains, the most susceptible Gram-positive bacteria were Bacillus cereus and Streptococcus pneumonia which recorded 12.2±0.3 and 9.0±0.0 mm zone of inhibition (ZI), MIC values were 50 and 100 mg/ml, MBC values were 200 and ˂200 mg/ml, respectively. The most susceptible Gram-negative bacteria were Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa which recorded 10.0±0.0, 9.7±0.3 and 9.0±0.0 mm ZI, MIC values were 100 mg/ml and MBC values were 200 mg/ml, respectively.  Based on MBC/MIC ratio, the extract has some degree of bactericidal effect. However, the results were not competitive with the standard drug (Chloramphenicol). Conclusion: As a result, the tested methanol extract of male flowers of date palm tree exhibited some degree of antibacterial activity with a bactericidal property. More future studies such as fractionation process are required to isolate and investigate its bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Phytochemical analysis and cytotoxicity evaluation of flowering buds of Bauhinia variegata L.

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-36
Author(s):  
Anham Shahid Abbasi ◽  
Qazi Najam-Us-Saqib ◽  
Atta-Ur-Rehman ◽  
Nisar-Ur-Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Bauhinia Variegata ◽  
Cytotoxic Studies

Summary Introduction: Bauhinia variegata is used in traditional medicine in Pakistan. Objective: The present study was designated to analyze phytochemical screening and cytotoxicity assay of crude aqueous and methanol extracts of flowering buds of Bauhinia variegata. Methods: Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of both extracts were performed by using standard protocols while brine shrimp lethality assay was conducted for cytotoxicity analysis of both extracts. Results: The highest levels of phenolics, flavonoids and terpenoids were observed in methanol extract with respective standard drugs. The aminoacid content was highest followed by phenol and flavonoids in crude aqueous extract of the raw materials. In cytotoxic studies (brine shrimp lethality assay) the use of methanol extract was reported as potent with LD50 of 241.778 µg/ml as compared to aqueous extract with LD50 of 489.7061 µg/ml. Conclusion: This study reveals that the presence of bioactive compounds in both extracts are responsible for the treatment of various ailments and being utilized by the traditional folks as a food as well. And showed that methanol extract possess cytotoxic activity and thus needs further scientific intervention for its value addition.

scholarly journals rial activity of Ilex paraguariensis (Yerba Mate) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (09) ◽  
pp. 712-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Noureddine ◽  
Ziad El Husseini ◽  
Ali Nehme ◽  
Roula Abdel Massih
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Ilex Paraguariensis ◽  
Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Stems And Leaves

Introduction: The stems and leaves of Ilex paraguariensis are popularly used for tea infusions in South America and the Middle East. The health benefits have been previously studied, revealing anti-mutagenic, anti-oxidant, hepatoprotective, hypocholesteremic and glycemic improvement. Limited research was performed on the antibacterial activity of the aqueous extract of Yerba Mate on standard and clinical isolates of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Methodology: Commercial Ilex paraguariensis stems and leaves were ground and extracted with sterile deionized water at 70°C. Four ATCC bacterial strains and twenty-five bacterial clinical strains were used for testing. To obtain the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), the Yerba Mate aqueous solution was serially diluted according to the microdilution method. For the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), the tubes with clear broth were sub-cultured. To identify the types of ESBLs present in the clinical isolates, a multiplex PCR was performed. Results: An antibacterial activity was observed against most of tested strains, with a greater activity against Gram-positive bacteria. MIC and MBC values ranged between 0.468 mg/mL and 15 mg/mL of aqueous extract of Yerba Mate. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of the stems and leaves of Ilex paraguariensis extracted at 70°C showed a significant antibacterial activity. There was no correlation found between the different molecular resistance profiles and the antibacterial activity range.

In-vitro Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic Extract of Shorea robusta Gaertn. F. Resin

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Sushma Vashisht ◽  
Manish Pal Singh ◽  
Viney Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Resin Extract

The methanolic extract of the resin of Shorea robusta was subjected to investigate its antioxidant and antibacterial properties its utility in free radical mediated diseases including diabetic, cardiovascular, cancer etc. The methanol extract of the resin was tested for antioxidant activity using scavenging activity of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil) radical method, reducing power by FeCl3 and antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria using disc diffusion method. The phytochemical screening considered the presence of triterpenoids, tannins and flavoniods. Overall, the plant extract is a source of natural antioxidants which might be helpful in preventing the progress of various oxidative stress mediated diseases including aging. The half inhibition concentration (IC50) of resin extract of Shorea robusta and ascorbic acid were 35.60 µg/ml and 31.91 µg/ml respectively. The resin extract exhibit a significant dose dependent inhibition of DPPH activity. Antibacterial activity was observed against gram positive and gram negative bacteria in dose dependent manner.Key Words: Shorea robusta, antioxidant, antibacterial, Disc-diffusion, DPPH.

Antibacterial activity of magnesium oxide nanoparticles prepared by Calcination method

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaf Ayad Kadhem ◽  
Miaad Hamzah Zghair ◽  
Sarah , Hussam H. Tizkam, Shoeb Alahmad Salih Mahdi ◽  
Hussam H. Tizkam ◽  
Shoeb Alahmad
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Agar Disc

magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) were prepared by simple wet chemical method using different calcination temperatures. The prepared NPs were characterized by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). It demonstrates sharp intensive peak with the increase of crystallinty and increase of the size with varying morphologies with respect to increase of calcination temperature. Antibacterial studies were done on gram negative bacteria (E.coli) and gram positive bacteria (S.aureus) by agar disc diffusion method. The zones of inhibitions were found larger for gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria, this mean, antibacterial MgO NPs activity more active on gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria because of the structural differences. It was found that antibacterial activity of MgO NPs was found it has directly proportional with their concentration.

Structure-Activity Relationship and Antimicrobial Evaluation of N-Phenylpyrazole Curcumin Derivatives

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-488
Author(s):  
Heli Sanghvi ◽  
Satyendra Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Pyrazole Derivatives ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Curcumin Derivatives ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Electron Donating Groups ◽  
Derivatives Of

Background: Curcumin, one of the most important pharmacologically significant natural products, has gained significant consideration among scientists for decades since its multipharmacological activities. 1, 3-Dicarbonyl moiety of curcumin was found to be accountable for the rapid degradation of curcumin molecule. The aim of present work is to replace 1, 3-dicarbonyl moiety of curcumin by pyrazole and phenylpyrazole derivatives with a view to improving its stability and to investigate the role of substitution in N-phenylpyrazole curcumin on its antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacteria. Methods: Pyrazole derivatives of curcumin were prepared by heating curcumin with phenyhydrazine/ substituted phenyhydrazine derivatives in AcOH. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography. Structures of purified compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR and Mass spectroscopy. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity by the microdilution broth susceptibility test method against gram positive (S. aureus) and gram negative (E. coli). Results: Effects of substitution in N-phenylpyrazole curcumin derivatives against S. aureus and E. coli were studied. The most active N-(3-Nitrophenylpyrazole) curcumin (12) exhibits twenty-fold more potency against S. aureus (MIC: 10μg/mL)) and N-(2-Fluoroophenylpyrazole) curcumin (5) fivefold more potency against E. coli (MIC; 50 μg/mL) than N-phenylpyrazole curcumin (4). Whereas, a remarkable decline in anti-bacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli was observed when electron donating groups were incorporated in N-phenylpyrazole curcumin (4). Comparative studies of synthesized compounds suggest the effects of electron withdrawing and electron donating groups on unsubstituted phenylpyrazole curcumin (4). Conclusion: The structure-activity relationship (SAR) results indicated that the electron withdrawing and electron donating at N-phenylpyrazole curcumin played key roles for their bacterial inhibitory effects. The results of the antibacterial evaluation showed that the synthesized pyrazole derivatives of curcumin displayed moderate to very high activity in S. aureus. In conclusion, the series of novel curcumin derivatives were designed, synthesized and tested for their antibacterial activities against S. aureus and E. coli. Among them, N-(3-Nitrophenylpyrazole curcumin; 12) was most active against S. aureus (Gram-positive) and N-(2-Fluoroophenylpyrazole) curcumin (5) against E. coli (Gram-negative) bacteria.

Light mediated, switchable, antibacterial activity of cerium dioxide nanoparticles on gram positive and gram negative bacteria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekhachandran Prasanna Ramachandran ◽  
Archana Valliyamma ◽  
Nitha Nellithanathu Thomas ◽  
Mangalaraja Ramalinga Viswanathan ◽  
Boby Theophilofe Edwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Cerium Dioxide ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Two structurally diverse Zn-based coordination polymers with excellent antibacterial activity

CrystEngComm ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 3353-3362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Colinas ◽  
Mauricio D. Rojas-Andrade ◽  
Indranil Chakraborty ◽  
Scott R. J. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Coordination Polymers ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative

Two novel Zn-based coordination polymers with unique structural properties display an exceptional antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

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