scholarly journals The effect of running versus cycling high-intensity intermittent exercise on local tissue oxygenation and perceived enjoyment in 18–30-year-old sedentary men

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Kriel ◽  
Christopher D. Askew ◽  
Colin Solomon
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
The Right

BackgroundHigh-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been proposed as a time-efficient exercise format to improve exercise adherence, thereby targeting the chronic disease burden associated with sedentary behaviour. Exercise mode (cycling, running), if self-selected, will likely affect the physiological and enjoyment responses to HIIT in sedentary individuals. Differences in physiological and enjoyment responses, associated with the mode of exercise, could potentially influence the uptake and continued adherence to HIIT. It was hypothesised that in young sedentary men, local and systemic oxygen utilisation and enjoyment would be higher during a session of running HIIT, compared to a session of cycling HIIT.MethodsA total of 12 sedentary men (mean ± SD; age 24 ± 3 years) completed three exercise sessions: a maximal incremental exercise test on a treadmill (MAX) followed by two experiment conditions, (1) free-paced cycling HIIT on a bicycle ergometer (HIITCYC) and (2) constant-paced running HIIT on a treadmill ergometer (HIITRUN). Deoxygenated haemoglobin (HHb) in the gastrocnemius (GN), the left vastus lateralis (LVL) and the right vastus lateralis (RVL) muscles, oxygen consumption (VO2), heart rate (HR), ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and physical activity enjoyment (PACES) were measured during HIITCYC and HIITRUN.ResultsThere was a higher HHb in the LVL (p= 0.001) and RVL (p= 0.002) sites and a higher VO2(p= 0.017) and HR (p< 0.001) during HIITCYC, compared to HIITRUN. RPE was higher (p< 0.001) and PACES lower (p= 0.032) during HIITCYC compared to HIITRUN.DiscussionIn sedentary individuals, free-paced cycling HIIT produces higher levels of physiological stress when compared to constant-paced running HIIT. Participants perceived running HIIT to be more enjoyable than cycling HIIT. These findings have implications for selection of mode of HIIT for physical stress, exercise enjoyment and compliance.

Effects of 4-week small-sided games vs. high-intensity interval training with changes of direction in female collegiate basketball players

2021 ◽  
pp. 174795412110327
Author(s):  
Jinshu Zeng ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
Yuanhong Xu ◽  
Wu Zhou ◽  
Fei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Collegiate Basketball ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
And Control ◽  
Movement Test

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of 4-week small-sided games (SSG) and high-intensity interval training with changes of direction (HIT-COD) on physical performance and specific technical skills in female collegiate basketball players. Nineteen players were divided into SSG (n = 9) and HIT-COD (n = 10) groups, that performed either SSG or HIT-COD three times per week for 4 weeks during the pre-season. Players’ heart rate (HR) and perceived exertion responses (RPE) were assessed during the intervention. Before and after the intervention period, performances were assessed with 30-15 intermittent fitness test (30-15IFT), repeated sprint ability (RSA) test, modified agility T-test (MAT), countermovement jump (CMJ), 20-m sprint, shooting accuracy test, 1 min shooting test, passing test, defensive movement test and control dribble test. Both training interventions led to similar physiological and perceived exertion responses, showing no significant differences in HR ( P = .49, d = 0.2) and RPE ( P = .77, d = 0.1) between groups. Significant improvements were observed in 30-15IFT (SSG: 4.1%, d = 1.5; HIT-COD: 4.2%, d = 1.7), RSAmean (SSG: −2.2%, d = 1.0; HIT-COD: −1.9%, d = 1.0), RSAbest (SSG: −2.0%, d = 0.9; HIT-COD: −2.1%, d = 1.1), MAT (SSG: −7.2%, d = 1.7; HIT-COD: 5.7%, d = 1.5), defensive movement test (SSG: −5.1%, d = 2.1; HIT-COD: −5.8%, d = 1.8) and control dribble test (SSG: −3.4%, d = 1.0; HIT-COD: −2.6%, d = 1.0). The only significant group × time interaction was found ( P = .032, [Formula: see text] = 0.24), with SSG improving 1 min shooting (22.4%, d = 1.0) and HIT-COD performing slightly worse (−2.6%, d = 0.1) after a 4-week intervention. The current study suggests that using SSG is more effective than HIT-COD for female collegiate basketball players in pre-season, since SSG improves physical performance and basketball-specific movements as well as shooting abilities after a 4-week intervention.

Short-term High-intensity Interval Training and The Physiological Stress Response

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 905-906
Author(s):  
Michael J. Ormsbee ◽  
Amber W. Kinsey ◽  
Minwook Chong ◽  
Heather S. Friedman ◽  
Tonya Dodge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Physiological Stress Response ◽  
High Intensity Interval

scholarly journals Effects of high-intensity training on muscle lactate transporters and postexercise recovery of muscle lactate and hydrogen ions in women

2008 ◽  
Vol 295 (6) ◽  
pp. R1991-R1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bishop ◽  
Johann Edge ◽  
Claire Thomas ◽  
Jacques Mercier
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Vastus Lateralis ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Hydrogen Ions ◽  
Muscle Lactate ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Intensity Interval

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of high-intensity interval training (3 days/wk for 5 wk), provoking large changes in muscle lactate and pH, on changes in intracellular buffer capacity (βmin vitro), monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), and the decrease in muscle lactate and hydrogen ions (H+) after exercise in women. Before and after training, biopsies of the vastus lateralis were obtained at rest and immediately after and 60 s after 45 s of exercise at 190% of maximal O2 uptake. Muscle samples were analyzed for ATP, phosphocreatine (PCr), lactate, and H+; MCT1 and MCT4 relative abundance and βmin vitro were also determined in resting muscle only. Training provoked a large decrease in postexercise muscle pH (pH 6.81). After training, there was a significant decrease in βmin vitro (−11%) and no significant change in relative abundance of MCT1 (96 ± 12%) or MCT4 (120 ± 21%). During the 60-s recovery after exercise, training was associated with no change in the decrease in muscle lactate, a significantly smaller decrease in muscle H+, and increased PCr resynthesis. These results suggest that increases in βmin vitro and MCT relative abundance are not linked to the degree of muscle lactate and H+ accumulation during training. Furthermore, training that is very intense may actually lead to decreases in βmin vitro. The smaller postexercise decrease in muscle H+ after training is a further novel finding and suggests that training that results in a decrease in H+ accumulation and an increase in PCr resynthesis can actually reduce the decrease in muscle H+ during the recovery from supramaximal exercise.

Repeated Sprints, High-Intensity Interval Training, Small-Sided Games: Theory and Application to Field Sports

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 352-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Hoffmann ◽  
Jacob P. Reed ◽  
Keith Leiting ◽  
Chieh-Ying Chiang ◽  
Michael H. Stone
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Sprint Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Games Theory ◽  
Training Modalities ◽  
Field Sports

Due to the broad spectrum of physical characteristics necessary for success in field sports, numerous training modalities have been used develop physical preparedness. Sports like rugby, basketball, lacrosse, and others require athletes to be not only strong and powerful but also aerobically fit and able to recover from high-intensity intermittent exercise. This provides coaches and sport scientists with a complex range of variables to consider when developing training programs. This can often lead to confusion and the misuse of training modalities, particularly in the development of aerobic and anaerobic conditioning. This review outlines the benefits and general adaptations to 3 commonly used and effective conditioning methods: high-intensity interval training, repeated-sprint training, and small-sided games. The goals and outcomes of these training methods are discussed, and practical implementations strategies for coaches and sport scientists are provided.

scholarly journals The Feasibility of Implementing High-Intensity Interval Training in Cardiac Rehabilitation Settings: A Retrospective Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley Way ◽  
Sol Vidal-Almela ◽  
Marja-Leena Keast ◽  
Harleen Hans ◽  
Andrew L. Pipe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cardiac Rehabilitation ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Notwithstanding the well-known benefits of cardiac rehabilitation (CR), adherence to CR remains low, particularly in women. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has received specific attention as an emerging exercise-training paradigm that addresses frequently cited barriers to CR (i.e. lack of motivation/enjoyment and time, perceiving exercise regime as tiring/boring) and improves cardiovascular risk factors. Previous studies have examined the safety of HIIT in CR; there is little evidence on the feasibility of HIIT in CR. The aims of this study were to evaluate the feasibility of HIIT within a CR setting and examine the sex differences regarding the feasibility of such programming. Methods: Patients attended an on-site HIIT CR program (10-minute warm-up, 25 minutes of interspersed high [HI - 4 minutes at 85-95% HRpeak] and low [LO - 3 minutes at 60-70% HRpeak] intervals, 10-minute cool-down) twice weekly for 10 weeks. Heart rate (HR) and the Borg rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale (6-20 points) were recorded at each session. Feasibility was assessed by: (1) attendance and compliance: the number of sessions attended and the compliance to the prescribed HI and LO HR ranges; (2) the patient experience: patients’ perceived effort, program difficulty, if the program was challenging and satisfying; and, (3) safety. Descriptive statistics were used to report the means and their variations. Mann-Whitney U tests and Chi-square analyses were performed to examine sex-differences. Results: A total of 151 patients (33% women, 57.5 ± 9.1 years) attended the HIIT program and completed 16±5 classes with a low attrition rate (11.3%). Most patients met or exceeded the prescribed target HR for the HI (80%) and LO (84%) intervals, respectively. Patients reported a “somewhat hard” RPE for HI (14 ± 2) and “very light” for LO (10 ± 2) intervals. All patients were satisfied with the program and found it challenging. Most patients found HIIT to be difficult (7 ± 2 points, scale range 0-10 points), yet safe (97%). Three vasovagal episodes occurred and more women dropped-out of the program than men (p<0.01). Conclusions: HIIT is a feasible, safe and well-received exercise paradigm in a CR setting.

HIGH-INTENSITY TRAINING ON PULSE AND DICROTIC WAVEFORM IN CHRONIC DISEASES

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 732-735
Author(s):  
Yusong Teng ◽  
Haomiao Yu ◽  
Peng Chen ◽  
Yichen Bao
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Intermittent Exercise ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Pulse Waveform ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Pulse Waves ◽  
High Intensity Interval

ABSTRACT Introduction: The formation and propagation of pulse waves are mainly accomplished by coordinating the heart and the vascular system. The contraction and relaxation of the heart are the sources of pulse waves. The aorta vibrates regularly as the heart contracts. This vibration propagates forward along the elastic blood vessel to form a pulse wave. The pulse wave contains very rich physiological and pathological information about the cardiovascular system. If there is a problem with the heart's structure, it can cause abnormal pulse waveforms. Objective: This article analyzes pulse waveform changes and blood flow during high-intensity interval training. It combines the test results to guide the exercise rehabilitation treatment of patients with chronic diseases. Methods: Pulse waves were collected from subjects under different exercise loads and the characteristics of pulse wave parameters under intermittent exercise were studied. Results: An athlete's pulse wave response is different in the case of high-intensity intermittent exercise. There are differences in the cardiovascular response of patients with different body weights. Conclusion: High-intensity interval training can improve the cardiovascular function of patients with chronic diseases and affect their pulse waveform. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

scholarly journals The Effect of Branched-Chain Amino Acids, Citrulline, and Arginine on High-Intensity Interval Performance in Young Swimmers

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Fang Hsueh ◽  
Huey-June Wu ◽  
Tzu-Shiou Tsai ◽  
Ching-Lin Wu ◽  
Chen-Kang Chang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Swim Performance ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
High Intensity Interval

High-intensity interval training has drawn significant interest for its ability to elicit similar training responses with less training volume compared to traditional moderate-intensity protocols. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of co-ingestion of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), arginine, and citrulline on 8 × 50 m high-intensity interval swim performance in trained young swimmers. This study used a randomized cross-over design. Eight male (age 15.6 ± 1.3 years) and eight female (age 15.6 ± 0.9 years) swimmers completed both amino acids (AA) and placebo (PL) trials. The participants ingested 0.085 g/kg body weight BCAA, 0.05 g/kg body weight arginine and 0.05 g/kg body weight citrulline before the swim test in the AA trial. The average 50 m time was significantly shorter in the AA trial than that in the PL trial. The AA trial was faster than the PL trial in the first, second, and the seventh laps. The AA trial showed significantly higher plasma BCAA concentrations and lower tryptophan/BCAA ratio. The other biochemical parameters and ratings of perceived exertion were similar between the two trials. The results showed that BCAA, arginine, and citrulline, allowed the participants to swim faster in a high-intensity interval protocol in young swimmers.

scholarly journals Very Low Volume High-Intensity Interval Exercise Is More Effective in Young Than Old Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raulas Krusnauskas ◽  
Tomas Venckunas ◽  
Audrius Snieckus ◽  
Nerijus Eimantas ◽  
Neringa Baranauskiene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
High Intensity Interval

We investigated the acute neuromuscular and stress responses to three different high-intensity interval training sessions in young (age 19.5±1.3 years) and older (age 65.7±2.8 years) women. Cycling exercise comprised either 6 × 5 s or 3 × 30 s all-out, or 3 × 60 s submaximal, efforts each performed 5 weeks apart in randomized order. Peak and average power was higher in young than in older women and was largest during the 6 × 5 s strategy in both groups (p<0.05). The decrease in the ratio of torques evoked by 20 and 100 Hz electrical stimulation, representing low-frequency fatigue, was more evident after the 3 × 30 and 3 × 60 s than the 6 × 5 s bout in both groups and was larger in young than in older women (p<0.05). Both groups preferred 6 × 5 s cycling for further training. In conclusion, in young women, very low volume (6 × 5 s) all-out exercise induces significant physiological stress and seems to be an effective means of training. For older women, longer exercise sessions (3 × 60 s) are more stressful than shorter ones but are still tolerable psychologically.

NON-MEDICAMENTAL METHODS OF REHABILITATION POWER ATHLETES WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION: RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED INVESTIGATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
A.B. Miroshnikov ◽  
◽  
V.I. Shmyrev ◽  
I.E. Kalenova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Aerobic Training ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Intensity Interval

The paper discusses the effects of high intensity interval aerobic training on blood pressure, body composition, oxidative ability and muscle strength in strength-power athletes of different weight classes. Subjects of examination and physical rehabilitation were 55 hypertensive heavy-weight athletes of comparable age and clinical findings who were randomized into the main (n = 35) and control (n = 20) groups. The main group trained 120 days (3 sessions per a week) on a bicycle ergometer following a high intensity interval; the control group trained in parallel but following the traditional strength developing protocol. Before and on completion of the physical rehabilitation, the sportsmen were interviewed and underwent medical examination including a triple blood pressure measurement, bioimpedometry, ergospirometry, body index calculation, and the test for maximal voluntary strength of m. quadriceps femoris. The rehabilitation improved bioimpedometry parameters, reduced blood pressure noticeably (systolic BP by 4.7 % and diastolic BP by 5.6 %), increased oxygen consumption and quadriceps femoris strength. Investigations showed that the high intensity interval training has a medioprophylactic effect on the cardiovascular system. The authors developed an aerobic training protocol for safe and successful hypertension prophylaxis and therapy in athletes.

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