scholarly journals According, against, and above dietary norms: a key to understanding the relationship between personality style and taste preferences

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e8198
Author(s):  
Ligiana Mihaela Petre ◽  
Bianca Nicoleta Vatasescu
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Taste Preference ◽  
Taste Preferences ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Personality Style ◽  
Fatty Food ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sensory Liking

Background Understanding individual food preferences is critical for creating tailored strategies that promote healthy individual eating behaviors. Individual sensory liking appears to be an essential determinant of dietary intake. Taste preferences influence satisfaction and satiety, and may consequently influence weight status and psychological adjustment. The purpose of this study was to identify the association between taste preferences (sweet, salty, sweet & fatty, salty & fatty) and personality features. Methods The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III (MCMI-III) was used for the assessment of personality traits and PrefQuest (PQ) was used for measuring recalled food preferences. A total of 137 participants were included in the study. The relationship between compulsive and antisocial features and taste preferences was assessed by hierarchical multiple linear regression, while controlling for age, gender, BMI, marital status, and educational level. Results The antisocial personality traits were a negative explanatory variable for sweet & fatty taste preference, R2 = .15, t(132) =  − 2.40, p = .018, 95% [−.57, −.06] and salty & fatty taste preference, R2 = .16, t(133) =  − 2.38, p = .019, 95% [−.07, −.01], while controlling for anthropological factors. In addition, men showed a higher preference than women for sweet & fatty food, such as chocolate or desserts, rsp = .19, p = .021, and for the salty & fatty food, rsp = .30, p < .001. BMI was not found to moderate the relationship between personality and taste preference. No significant association was found between compulsive personality traits and food preference, as assessed by sensory liking. Conclusions The findings can bring a much better understanding of the relationship between the compulsive or antisocial personality and taste preferences. In addition, it may help build psychotherapeutic and nutritional strategies that promote healthy eating behaviors, tailored to a particular personality style.

scholarly journals Food Preferences and Dark-side Personality Traits

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-08
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Food Preference ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Taste Preference ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Taste Preferences

This study investigated the association between a variety of taste preferences and the Dark Triad personality traits. We noted over twenty studies that linked personality to taste/beverage preference and experience. In this study just under 200 participants completed a personality and food preference questionnaire. Results demonstrated that dark side traits accounted for around ten percent of the variance in tastes, including bitter and sweet as well as alcohol and coffee strength preferences. For a number of the taste preference measures sensation seeking and harm aversive personality traits were particularly influential in determining taste preferences. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Comportamiento alimentario y bienestar psicológico en población universitaria en el norte de Chile

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-208
Author(s):  
Nelson Hun ◽  
Alfonso Urzúa ◽  
Antonio López-Espinoza ◽  
Nicole Escobar ◽  
José Leiva
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
The University ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Bienestar Psicologico

Se ha reportado que el contexto universitario propicia un hábito alimentario inadecuado, orientado al consumo de alimentos de conveniencia caracterizados por ser de bajo costo, hipercalóricos, altos en grasas saturadas y de escaso valor nutritivo lo que aumenta el riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. En este contexto, la evidencia refiere que algunos indicadores psicológicos como mayores niveles de satisfacción vital y apoyo familiar se relacionan con una dieta de mayor calidad al mismo tiempo que es asociada a un menor índice de masa corporal. Sin embargo, existe un vacío teórico respecto a las distintas caracterizaciones de comportamientos alimentarios que guían la toma de decisiones relacionadas con las preferencias y consumo de alimentos en población universitaria. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la relación existente entre caracterizaciones de comportamiento alimentario con el bienestar psicológico de estudiantes universitarios en el norte de Chile. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 647 estudiantes residentes en las ciudades de Arica y Antofagasta, el promedio de edad fue de 22 años, se utilizó el cuestionario de bienestar psicológico de Carol Ryff y el cuestionario holandés de conductas alimentarias. Los resultados indican que la ingesta emocional tiene el mayor efecto sobre el bienestar psicológico relacionándose significativa y negativamente con todas sus dimensiones, la tendencia restrictiva se asoció con autoaceptación, relaciones positivas y autonomía, finalmente la ingesta externa no reportó ningún efecto sobre el bienestar psicológico. Es necesario generar más evidencia de la relación entre variables psicológicas y alimentación. It has been reported that the university context fosters an inadequate eating habit, oriented to the consumption of convenience foods characterized by being low cost, hypercaloric, high in saturated fat and low nutritional value, which increases the risk of developing chronic noncommunicable diseases. In this context, the evidence refers that some psychological indicators such as higher levels of life satisfaction and family support are related to a higher quality diet while being associated with a lower body mass index. However, there is a theoretical gap regarding the different characterizations of eating behaviors that guide decision making regarding food preferences and consumption in the university population. The objective of this research was to analyze the relationship between characterizations of eating behavior with the psychological well-being of university students in northern Chile. The sample consisted of 647 students residing in the cities of Arica and Antofagasta, the average age was 22 years, the Carol Ryff psychological well-being questionnaire and the Dutch food behavior questionnaire were used. The results indicate that emotional intake has the greatest effect on psychological well-being by being significantly and negatively related to all its dimensions, the restrictive tendency was associated with self-acceptance, positive relationships and autonomy; finally, external intake did not report any effect on psychological well-being. It is necessary to generate more evidence of the relationship between psychological variables and food.

The relationship of violent attitudes with self-reported offending and antisocial personality traits

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisli Gudjonsson ◽  
Jon Fridrik Sigurdsson ◽  
Solrun Linda Skaptadottir ◽  
þora Helgadottir
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Antisocial Personality Traits

The Relationship Between Narcissism and Personality Traits of the Five-Factor-Model in Adolescents and Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Allroggen ◽  
Peter Rehmann ◽  
Eva Schürch ◽  
Carolyn C. Morf ◽  
Michael Kölch
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Grandiose Narcissism ◽  
Vulnerable Narcissism ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract.Narcissism is seen as a multidimensional construct that consists of two manifestations: grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. In order to define these two manifestations, their relationship to personality factors has increasingly become of interest. However, so far no studies have considered the relationship between different phenotypes of narcissism and personality factors in adolescents. Method: In a cross-sectional study, we examine a group of adolescents (n = 98; average age 16.77 years; 23.5 % female) with regard to the relationship between Big Five personality factors and pathological narcissism using self-report instruments. This group is compared to a group of young adults (n = 38; average age 19.69 years; 25.6 % female). Results: Grandiose narcissism is primarily related to low Agreeableness and Extraversion, vulnerable narcissism to Neuroticism. We do not find differences between adolescents and young adults concerning the relationship between grandiose and vulnerable narcissism and personality traits. Discussion: Vulnerable and grandiose narcissism can be well differentiated in adolescents, and the pattern does not show substantial differences compared to young adults.

Individual Differences in Students' Preferences for Lecturers' Personalities

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Student Ratings ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
Intelligence Scores ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study examines the relationship between students' personality and intelligence scores with their preferences for the personality profile of their lecturers. Student ratings (N = 136) of 30 lecturer trait characteristics were coded into an internally reliable Big Five taxonomy ( Costa & McCrae, 1992 ). Descriptive statistics showed that, overall, students tended to prefer conscientious, open, and stable lecturers, though correlations revealed that these preferences were largely a function of students' own personality traits. Thus, open students preferred open lecturers, while agreeable students preferred agreeable lecturers. There was evidence of a similarity effect for both Agreeableness and Openness. In addition, less intelligent students were more likely to prefer agreeable lecturers than their more intelligent counterparts were. A series of regressions showed that individual differences are particularly good predictors of preferences for agreeable lecturers, and modest, albeit significant, predictors of preferences for open and neurotic lecturers. Educational and vocational implications are considered.

Dispositional Properties of Metaphor

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam K. Fetterman ◽  
Brian P. Meier ◽  
Michael D. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Taste Preferences ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Prosocial Motivation ◽  
Sweet Food ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Sweet Foods ◽  
Dispositional Properties

Abstract. Metaphors often characterize prosocial actions and people as sweet. Three studies sought to explore whether conceptual metaphors of this type can provide insights into the prosocial trait of agreeableness and into daily life prosociality. Study 1 (n = 698) examined relationships between agreeableness and food taste preferences. Studies 2 (n = 66) and 3 (n = 132) utilized daily diary protocols. In Study 1, more agreeable people liked sweet foods to a greater extent. In Study 2, greater sweet food preferences predicted a stronger positive relationship between daily prosocial behaviors and positive affect, a pattern consistent with prosocial motivation. Finally, Study 3 found that daily prosocial feelings and behaviors varied positively with sweet food consumption in a manner that could not be ascribed to positive affect or self-control. Altogether, the findings encourage further efforts to extend conceptual metaphor theory to the domain of personality processes, in part by building on balance-related ideas.

Subclinical Sadism and the Dark Triad

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura K. Johnson ◽  
Rachel A. Plouffe ◽  
Donald H. Saklofske
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
University Students ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Antisocial Personality ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Antisocial Personality Traits

Abstract. The Dark Triad is a constellation of three antisocial personality traits: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. Recently, researchers have introduced a “Dark Tetrad” that includes subclinical sadism, although others suggest considerable overlap between psychopathy and sadism. To clarify the position of sadism within the Dark Triad, an online study was conducted with 615 university students. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that a six-factor solution fit the data best, representing Machiavellianism, psychopathy, physical sadism, verbal sadism, narcissism, and vicarious sadism. Furthermore, convergent validity was supported through sadism’s correlations with the HEXACO personality traits. The results support sadism’s inclusion within the Dark Tetrad as a unique construct but with some conceptual overlap with psychopathy.

In Search of the Prosocial Personality

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Wertag ◽  
Denis Bratko
Keyword(s):  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Dark Triad ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Prosocial behavior is intended to benefit others rather than oneself and is positively linked to personality traits such as Agreeableness and Honesty-Humility, and usually negatively to the Dark Triad traits (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy). However, a significant proportion of the research in this area is conducted solely on self-report measures of prosocial behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between prosociality and the basic (i.e., HEXACO) and dark personality traits, comparing their contribution in predicting both self-reported prosociality and prosocial behavior. Results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that the Dark Triad traits explain prosociality and prosocial behavior above and beyond the HEXACO traits, emphasizing the importance of the Dark Triad in the personality space.

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