scholarly journals Oral disorders in Chilean rodeo horses submitted for dental evaluation between 2010 and 2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Guerra ◽  
Mario Pineda ◽  
Luis De Negri ◽  
Aiko Adell ◽  
Felipe Correa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Type I ◽  
Premolar Extraction ◽  
Dental Diseases ◽  
Oral Examinations

Dental disorders are common in horses. The objetive of the study was determined the frequency of dental problems in Chilean Rodeo Horses and described the most common dental treatments used in Chile. Oral examinations were performed on 456 Chilean rodeo horses and the disorders were observed as follows: Oral soft tissues, 259 horses (56%) presented lacerations and/or ulcers. Regarding the first premolar, it was present in 32% of the horses, all maxillary positioned. In canines, 245 (54%) were present and overlong tooth. Disorders found in incisors show supererupted (Tooth overlong) in 147 (32%); ventral curvature in 116 (25%), nevertheless 102 (22%) horses showed no abnormalities. About the diseases found in cheek teeth (premolars and molars), the more prevalent ones was enamel points in 426 (93%), rostral or caudal hooks in 354 (78%), and ramps in 231 (51%). Confidence intervals between all dental diseases found in the study showed no statistical significance when was analyzed for age or gender. When age groups were made, statistical significance appear X² Pearson (p=0,01), were mostly malocclusion type I was the more common in young, mature and geriatric horses. Other disorders such as problems at the time of eruption, development and periodontal disease are statiscally similar X² (p=0,07). About the treatments it is important to mention that in 453 (99%) horses received odontoplasty and 147 (32%) first premolar extraction. This study shows that Chilean rodeo horses have dental disorders similar to other horse breeds, except by small increase in soft tissue damage and incisors problems.

scholarly journals Comparative histochemical and morphometric analysis of muscle fibers of the psoas muscle in individuals of both genders with ageing

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-107
Author(s):  
Vladimir Antic ◽  
Nenad Stojiljkovic ◽  
Milorad Antic
Keyword(s):  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Psoas Muscle ◽  
Iliopsoas Muscle ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
The Right

Background/Aim. In this paper, we analyzed type I and type II muscle fibers of the iliopsoas muscle in persons of both genders with ageing. The aim of this study was to detect the presence and distribution of types I and II muscle fibers in the human psoas muscle using the hematoxylin and eosin method in individuals of different ages and genders. Methods. The material consisted of tissue samples of the right iliopsoas muscle taken from 30 adult cadavers (18 males and 12 females), aged from 30 to 90 years, divided into three age groups. The material was obtained from the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Nis. Results. The values of astereological parameters (area, perimeter and Feret's diameter) of type I and type II muscle fibers were higher in male cases, although without any statistical significance. Conclusion. Based on the histochemical and morphometric analysis, the conclusion was drawn that after 70 years of life there occurred a loss of type II muscle fibers, more conspicuous in female cases.

scholarly journals Less iatrogenic soft-tissue damage utilizing robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty when compared with a manual approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 495-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily L. Hampp ◽  
Nipun Sodhi ◽  
Laura Scholl ◽  
Matthew E. Deren ◽  
Zachary Yenna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Soft Tissue Damage ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Cruciate Retaining ◽  
Robotic Assisted ◽  
Total Knee

Objectives The use of the haptically bounded saw blades in robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (RTKA) can potentially help to limit surrounding soft-tissue injuries. However, there are limited data characterizing these injuries for cruciate-retaining (CR) TKA with the use of this technique. The objective of this cadaver study was to compare the extent of soft-tissue damage sustained through a robotic-assisted, haptically guided TKA (RATKA) versus a manual TKA (MTKA) approach. Methods A total of 12 fresh-frozen pelvis-to-toe cadaver specimens were included. Four surgeons each prepared three RATKA and three MTKA specimens for cruciate-retaining TKAs. A RATKA was performed on one knee and a MTKA on the other. Postoperatively, two additional surgeons assessed and graded damage to 14 key anatomical structures in a blinded manner. Kruskal–Wallis hypothesis tests were performed to assess statistical differences in soft-tissue damage between RATKA and MTKA cases. Results Significantly less damage occurred to the PCLs in the RATKA versus the MTKA specimens (p < 0.001). RATKA specimens had non-significantly less damage to the deep medial collateral ligaments (p = 0.149), iliotibial bands (p = 0.580), poplitei (p = 0.248), and patellar ligaments (p = 0.317). The remaining anatomical structures had minimal soft-tissue damage in all MTKA and RATKA specimens. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that less soft-tissue damage may occur when utilizing RATKA compared with MTKA. These findings are likely due to the enhanced preoperative planning with the robotic software, the real-time intraoperative feedback, and the haptically bounded saw blade, all of which may help protect the surrounding soft tissues and ligaments. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2019;8:495–501. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.810.BJR-2019-0129.R1.

Cutting Tool Protects for Soft Tissues in Bone-Milling Machining

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192
Author(s):  
Naohiko Sugita ◽  
◽  
Taiga Nakano ◽  
Takayuki Osa ◽  
Yoshikazu Nakajima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Orthopedic Surgery ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Geometric Optimization ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Milling Machine ◽  
Surrounding Soft Tissue

Minimally invasive orthopedic surgery using a milling machine presents challenges. The milling machine we developed has a redundant axis to minimize cutting-tool contact with surrounding soft tissue. Important components are modeled based on physical requirements, and model-based geometric optimization improves performance. Here we discuss the protective mechanism, hardware, and software we developed to cover the nonworking cutting-edge portion and to protect against soft-tissue damage. We evaluated the effectiveness of this approach using cadaveric bone.

Management of comminuted supracondylar fractures of the humerus with closed reduction and a hybrid type Ml external fixator

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (04) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Eaton-Wells ◽  
R. A. S. Mitchell ◽  
S. M. Fearnside
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Blood Supply ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
External Fixator ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Closed Reduction ◽  
Type I ◽  
Supracondylar Fractures ◽  
Hybrid Type ◽  
Supracondylar Humeral Fractures

SummaryClosed reduction and a hybrid type I-II external skeletal fixator (ESF) were utilised for the repair of comminuted supracondylar humeral fractures in seven dogs and two cats. The modified design of the ESF afforded significant flexibility in the management of these fractures, with closed reduction allowing the principles of biological osteosynthesis to be applied. Successful bone healing was achieved in eight cases. During implant removal, refracture occurred in one case. In comminuted supracondylar fractures of the humerus, where accurate fragment reduction is not feasible or where reconstruction may lead to further soft tissue damage and compromised blood supply to the bony fragments, the construct appeared to offer advantages, both mechanically and biologically, over other external fixator designs or bone plating. The design was used successfully in both large and small dog breeds and cats. The aim of this study is to report on the management and outcomes of comminuted supracondylar fractures managed using closed reduction and a hybrid type I-II ESF.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of chitosan-based multifunctional wound dressings: a multistage randomised controlled experimental trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-96
Author(s):  
D. I. Ushmarov ◽  
S. E. Gumenyuk ◽  
A. S. Gumenyuk ◽  
T. V. Gayvoronskaya ◽  
S. Ya. Karablina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Wound Dressing ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Wound Dressings ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Good Laboratory ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background. Wounds of various aetiology are among the most frequent traumatic injuries. A prospective route to improve treatment of this nosology is the development of novel or advancement of the already on-stage dressing materials.Objectives. A comparative experimental assay of novel chitosan-based wound dressings in the healing of soft tissue wounds of different genesis using ultrasound to control biodegradation of the developed dosage form.Methods. Soft tissue wounds were modelled in experimental animals, conventional and lineage male rats, 275 (± 25) g body weight, and male rabbits, 2,900 (± 150) g weight, using a proprietary methodology (Patent on invention RU No. 2703709 dated 23 August, 2018).Two wound dressing samples selected as most promising and applicable in large-volume soft tissue aseptic wounds were tested in the final step of experiment. Ultrasound imaging of the model wound area during the sample material biodegradation was used to control the wound process in more detail. At all steps of experiment, animal models were handled in compliance with GOST 33044-2014 “Principles of Good Laboratory Practice”.Histomorphological assays were carried out with common protocols. Variation statistics was used for the data analysis, including the mean (M) and standard mean error (± m) estimation. The level of statistical significance was p < 0.05.Results. The animal assays and comprehensive evaluation of the obtained data revealed a high healing efficacy of chitosan-based wound coatings. The analyses of wound dressing samples have confirmed their predesigned properties: scaffold stability, capillarity, biodegradability and matrix capacities for the carried drug delivery.Additionally, ultrasound was proved effective to estimate dynamics of the coated wound healing and biopolymer biodegradation processes.Conclusion. The developed chitosan-based wound dressings exhibited efficacy in an experimental model of the soft tissues wound process.The use of ultrasound to study dynamics of the wound process and coating biodegradation provided an adequate congruence between the imaging and tissue histomorphology data, as well as the structure and properties of coating material.

A Multiscale Model for the Indentation of Type-I Collagen Soft Tissue Equivalents

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad F. Hadi ◽  
Fabien J. Delalondre ◽  
Cameron W. Smith ◽  
Lijuan Zhang ◽  
Mark S. Shephard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Multiscale Model ◽  
Hertzian Contact ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Type I

Indentation has become a popular research technique for the mechanical characterization of collagen-based soft tissues. The popularity of the method stems from its requirement of a modestly sized sample, from its ability to be applied in vitro as well as in vivo, and from the ready availability of instrumentation and analytical techniques borrowed from a long tradition of its application to non-biological materials. Many analytical models for the indentation of collagen-based soft tissues rely on a Hertzian contact model. Such a model emphasizes the contributions of an idealized material in compression over the contributions of the material in tension. However, this approach largely neglects the role of the collagen microstructure in soft tissue that has the capacity to carry far greater mechanical loads in tension rather than in compression.

Diathermy tonsillectomy: comparisons of morbidity following bipolar and monopolar microdissection needle excision

1997 ◽  
Vol 111 (8) ◽  
pp. 735-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Akkielah ◽  
A. Kalan ◽  
G. S. Kenyon
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Bipolar Diathermy ◽  
Operative Blood Loss ◽  
Operative Morbidity ◽  
Post Operative Pain ◽  
Secondary Haemorrhage ◽  
Fine Tungsten ◽  
Sharp Dissection

AbstractTonsillectomy is frequently associated with a considerable post-operative morbidity. In some cases reactionary or secondary haemorrhage occurs and all patients suffer a degree of post-operative pain. The use of bipolar diathermy excision has become popular because it reduces intra-operative blood loss, but all diathermy inevitably produces a degree of damage to adjacent normal soft tissues. In turn this inadvertent injury must act to increase the post-operative pain.Monopolar dissection using a fine tungsten diathermy needle (the Colorado needle) allows sharp dissection at low power levels and in previous studies has been shown to produce a reduction in collateral tissue damage. In this prospective study the morbidity associated with tonsillectomy using this needle was compared to that following a standard bipolar dissection.Using the monopolar needle produced no enhanced risk of reactionary or secondary haemorrhage while causing significantly less post-operative pain and a reduction in eschar. We believe that excision using this needle preserves the advantages associated with bipolar dissection while reducing local soft tissue damage.

scholarly journals Less Iatrogenic Soft Tissue Damage Utilizing Robotic Assisted Total Knee Arthroplasty when Compared with a Manual Approach: A Blinded Assessment

10.29007/v7g9 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Hampp ◽  
Nipun Sodhi ◽  
Laura Scholl ◽  
Matthew Deren ◽  
Zachary Yenna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
Patellar Ligament ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Soft Tissue Damage ◽  
Total Knee

While manual total knee arthroplasty (MTKA) has demonstrated excellent clinical results, occasionally intraoperative damage to soft tissues can occur. Robotic-arm assisted technology is designed to constrain a sawblade in a haptic zone to help ensure that only the desired bone cuts are made. The objective of this cadaver study was to quantify the extent of soft tissue damage sustained during TKA through a robotic-arm assisted (RATKA) haptically guided approach and conventional MTKA approach. Four surgeons each prepared 3 RATKA and 3 MTKA specimens for cruciate retaining TKAs. RATKA was performed on one knee, with MTKA on the other. Postoperatively, 2 additional blinded surgeons, assessed and graded damage to 14 key anatomic structures. A Kruskal-Wallis hypothesis test was performed to assess for statistical differences of soft tissue damages between RATKA and MTKA cases. A p-value &lt;0.05 was used as the threshold for statistical significance, and p-values were adjusted for ties. Significantly less damage occurred to the PCL in the RATKA than the MTKA specimens (p&lt;0.0001). RATKA specimens had less damage to the dMCL (p=.149), ITB (p=0.580), popliteus (p=0.248), and patellar ligament (p=0.317). The results of this study indicate that RATKA may result in less soft-tissue damage than MTKA, especially to the PCL.

scholarly journals An Investigation of Regional Plantar Soft Tissue Hardness and Its Potential Correlation with Plantar Pressure Distribution in Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Maimaitirexiati Helili ◽  
Xiang Geng ◽  
Xin Ma ◽  
Wenming Chen ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Tissue Hardness ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Plantar Soft Tissue

Background. The plantar soft tissue plays a critical role in absorbing shocks and attenuating excessive stresses during walking. Plantar soft tissue property and plantar pressure are critical information for footwear design and clinical assessment. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between plantar soft tissue hardness and plantar pressure during walking. Methods. 59 healthy volunteers (27 males and 32 females, aged 20 to 82) participated in this study. The plantar surface was divided into five regions: lateral rearfoot, medial rearfoot, lateral midfoot, lateral forefoot, and medial forefoot, and the plantar tissue hardness was tested using Shore durometer in each region. Average dynamic pressures in each region were analyzed for the five regions corresponding to the hardness tests. The relationship between hardness and average dynamic pressure was analyzed in each region. Results. The average hardness of the plantar soft tissue in the above five regions is as follows: lateral rearfoot ( 34.49 ± 6.77 ), medial rearfoot ( 34.47 ± 6.64 ), lateral midfoot ( 27.95 ± 6.13 ), lateral forefoot ( 29.72 ± 5.47 ), and medial forefoot ( 28.58 ± 4.41 ). Differences of hardness were observed between age groups, and hardness of plantar soft tissues in forefoot regions increased with age ( P < 0.05 ). A negative relationship was found between plantar soft tissue hardness and pressure reduction at lateral rearfoot, medial rearfoot, and lateral midfoot ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. The hardness of plantar soft tissues changes with age in healthy individuals, and there is a trend of increasing hardness of the plantar soft tissue with age. The plantar soft tissue hardness increases with plantar pressure.

Orbital Dysmorphology in Unilateral Coronal Synostosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lun-Jou Lo ◽  
Jeffrey L. Marsh ◽  
Alex A. Kane ◽  
Michael W. Vannier
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Orbital Surgery ◽  
Orbital Cavity ◽  
Coronal Synostosis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tissue Contents

Unilateral coronal synostosis (UCS) produces overt craniofacial dysmorphology. UCS surgery in infancy aims to release the osseous restriction and normalize the fronto-orbital deformity. The quantitative effect of this surgery on the orbit and its contents is unknown. This study was conducted to quantify the preoperative orbital dysmorphology and its surgical outcome in patients with unilateral coronal synostosis. Twenty-eight UCS patients had preoperative three-dimensional computerized tomographic (CT) scans (at mean age 4.0 months), cranio-orbital reconstructive surgery (at 4.7 months), and postoperative scans (at 18.1 months). The CT data were analyzed using a computer workstation and AnalyzeTM biomedical imaging software. Four measurements were performed on both ipsilateral (same side as synostosis) and contralateral (opposite to synostosis) orbits of each scan: orbital index (OI, 100 × height/width of orbit), orbital cavity volume (OV), ocular globe volume (GV), and ventral globe index (VGI, 100 × globe volume ventral to the anterior surface of orbital cavity/GV). The data were analyzed for statistical significance using Student's t test. Preoperatively, the OI was significantly greater on the ipsilateral than on the contralateral side (113.7 vs. 87.3). There was a significant improvement on both sides of the orbit postoperatively, with ipsilateral 99.1 and contralateral 92.1. However, the difference between both sides remained significant. The OV was smaller in the ipsilateral orbits both pre- and postoperatively, with ipse/contralateral ratios of 95.8 and 95.2, respectively. Importantly, the GV was consistently smaller in the ipsilateral orbits preoperatively, with an ipse/contralateral ratio of 93.3. The ratio increased to 97.1 postoperatively, a statistically significant change. In the ipsilateral orbits, the preoperative VGI was significantly greater. The VGI improved postoperatively. These data indicate that UCS affects the development of the osseous orbit as well as its soft-tissue contents. After cranio-orbital surgery, there is diminution of asymmetry of both the bony orbit and its soft-tissue contents. Partial normalization of orbital dysmorphology occurred during the first postoperative year. UCS surgery in infancy does not prevent growth of orbital hard or soft tissues, and it seems to permit normalization of previously impaired growth.

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