scholarly journals An Investigation of Regional Plantar Soft Tissue Hardness and Its Potential Correlation with Plantar Pressure Distribution in Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Maimaitirexiati Helili ◽  
Xiang Geng ◽  
Xin Ma ◽  
Wenming Chen ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Tissue Hardness ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Plantar Soft Tissue

Background. The plantar soft tissue plays a critical role in absorbing shocks and attenuating excessive stresses during walking. Plantar soft tissue property and plantar pressure are critical information for footwear design and clinical assessment. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between plantar soft tissue hardness and plantar pressure during walking. Methods. 59 healthy volunteers (27 males and 32 females, aged 20 to 82) participated in this study. The plantar surface was divided into five regions: lateral rearfoot, medial rearfoot, lateral midfoot, lateral forefoot, and medial forefoot, and the plantar tissue hardness was tested using Shore durometer in each region. Average dynamic pressures in each region were analyzed for the five regions corresponding to the hardness tests. The relationship between hardness and average dynamic pressure was analyzed in each region. Results. The average hardness of the plantar soft tissue in the above five regions is as follows: lateral rearfoot ( 34.49 ± 6.77 ), medial rearfoot ( 34.47 ± 6.64 ), lateral midfoot ( 27.95 ± 6.13 ), lateral forefoot ( 29.72 ± 5.47 ), and medial forefoot ( 28.58 ± 4.41 ). Differences of hardness were observed between age groups, and hardness of plantar soft tissues in forefoot regions increased with age ( P < 0.05 ). A negative relationship was found between plantar soft tissue hardness and pressure reduction at lateral rearfoot, medial rearfoot, and lateral midfoot ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. The hardness of plantar soft tissues changes with age in healthy individuals, and there is a trend of increasing hardness of the plantar soft tissue with age. The plantar soft tissue hardness increases with plantar pressure.

scholarly journals Gaming Addiction and Aggression in Pakistani Young Adults: Through the Lens of Excitation Transfer Theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
Saba Shabbir ◽  
Dr Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Shazara Mahmood ◽  
Saima Perveen
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Gaming Addiction ◽  
Game Playing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Aggression Questionnaire ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The present study investigated the relationship between gaming addiction and aggression among young adults. 160 participants (80 males and 80 females) were approached by purposive sampling. Cross-sectional, correlational research design was employed. The data were collected using two questionnaires: Gaming Addiction Inventory for Adults and The Aggression Questionnaire. The data was analyzed through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 21. Results revealed that gaming addiction has significant but negative relationship with aggression, anger, and physical aggression, however, verbal aggression and hostility were not significantly related. Analysis of gender difference indicated males as more addicted to games than females, while aggression and its variants were not found to be significantly different. The study concluded that video game playing may become a source for releasing aggression, hence, lowering the physiological arousals and reducing aggression in life. The inverse relationship of gaming addiction and aggression implies the positive consideration of games for dealing with aggression among young adults. The study has certain limitations as forthcoming researches should examine the particular types of games with aggression or comparing different age groups will further enlighten the relationship of game playing and aggression.  

Socioeconomic Status and the Frequency of Anger across the Life Course

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Schieman
Keyword(s):  
General Social Survey ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Levels

Previous studies suggest that older people report less anger. However, little is known about the relationship between age and the frequency of anger among individuals with different levels of education and economic circumstances. Using data from the 1996 General Social Survey ( N = 1,442), I examine the effects of age on anger across levels of education and objective and subjective economic conditions. A significant and positive age × education interaction suggests that the negative relationship between age and the frequency of anger is stronger at lower levels of education. Adjustment for social roles and economic conditions fails to account for the age × education interaction effect. In addition, differences in anger between individuals who reported worsening financial conditions and those who reported that their finances improved or stayed the same are greatest among the youngest age groups, and the gap decreases at successively older age levels. I discuss the ways that these results contradict recent findings of SES-based age differences in depressive emotions and physical health status.

scholarly journals Modifications of Midfacial Soft-Tissue Thickness Among Different Skeletal Classes in Italian Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Daniele Gibelli ◽  
Matteo Zago ◽  
Annalisa Cappella ◽  
Claudia Dolci ◽  
Chiarella Sforza
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Facial Soft Tissue ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Italian Children ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The anatomical assessment of the arrangement of facial soft tissues has important applications in different fields from orthodontics to plastic surgery. One of the issues concerns the relationship between facial soft tissue thickness and skeletal class. Literature mainly deals with adult populations, whereas very few studies have been focused on children. Objective: This study aims at investigating the relationship between midline facial soft tissue thickness and skeletal classes in Italian pre-treatment orthodontic child patients. Methods: Lateral cephalometric X-ray films were obtained from 220 healthy Caucasoid children (91 males and 129 females), aged between 6 and 18 years (Class I: 41 males and 70 females; Class II: 18 males and 25 females; Class III: 32 males and 34 females). All the films were digitized and 14 soft tissue thicknesses were measured on the midface; in addition, the skeletal class was assessed according to the corrected ANB angle (ANBc). Differences in facial soft tissue thickness according to sex and skeletal class were assessed through two-way ANOVA test (p<0.01). Results: Statistically significant differences according to sex were found for labrale superius, stomion and labrale inferius, with thicker soft tissues in males than in females (p<0.01). Only measurements at labrale superius and gnathion showed statistically significant differences according to skeletal class, with thicker soft tissues in Class III children and thinner ones in Class II children (p<0.01). Conclusion: The limited number of investigations, as well as the differences in protocols, renders the comparison of results from different studies difficult, suggesting further investigations to enlighten this complex and debated anatomical issue.

scholarly journals Do orthodontic extractions have an impact on the cutaneous profile?

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 506
Author(s):  
I. Dallel ◽  
A. Megdiche ◽  
Y. Ghedira ◽  
S. Tobji ◽  
A. Ben Amor
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Facial Profile ◽  
Pearson Test ◽  
Profile Changes ◽  
Student Test ◽  
Cephalometric Measurements ◽  
The Relationship

Orthodontic treatments can have an impact on the soft tissues and more particularly on the cutaneous profile. The aim of this work was to evaluate profile changes following orthodontic treatment. Material and methods: This study concerned 90 patients randomly selected in the orthodontic department of Monastir (Tunisia). Profile headfilms at the start and at the end of orthodontic treatment were compared using, as reference lines, the SN-7° plane and the orthogonal to SN-7° plane going through the S-point (POSN- 7°). The Student test was applied to evaluate the variations in the cephalometric measurements. The Pearson test was used to study the correlation between the horizontal tooth movements and facial profile changes. Results: We noted a significant decrease in the upper labral (Ls) (p=0.049) and lower labral (p=0.048) as well as a significant increase in the labio-mental angle (p=0.025) in patients treated with extractions of premolars. A positive correlation between the incisor movements and the reduction of the labial protrusion was observed. Conclusion: The results of this study have shown that the movements of the incisors consecutive to extractions can have tangible effects on the cutaneous profile. Further investigations should be carried out to highlight the relationship between tooth movement and soft tissue.

Plantar Soft-Tissue Thickness Predicts High Peak Plantar Pressure in the Diabetic Foot

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frag Abouaesha ◽  
Carine H. M. van Schie ◽  
David G. Armstrong ◽  
Andrew J. M. Boulton
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Plantar Pressure ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Cutoff Values ◽  
Soft Tissue Thickness ◽  
Peak Plantar Pressure ◽  
Plantar Soft Tissue

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether high plantar foot pressures can be predicted from measurements of plantar soft-tissue thickness in the forefoot of diabetic patients with neuropathy. A total of 157 diabetic patients with neuropathy and at least one palpable foot pulse but without a history of foot ulceration were invited to participate in the study. Plantar tissue thickness was measured bilaterally at each metatarsal head, with patients standing on the same standardized platform. Plantar pressures were measured during barefoot walking using the optical pedobarograph. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to determine the plantar tissue thickness predictive of elevated peak plantar pressure. Tissue thickness cutoff values of 11.05, 7.85, 6.65, 6.55, and 5.05 mm for metatarsal heads 1 through 5, respectively, predict plantar pressure at each respective site greater than 700 kPa, with sensitivity between 73% and 97% and specificity between 52% and 84%. When tissue thickness was used to predict pressure greater than 1,000 kPa, similar results were observed, indicating that high pressure at different levels could be predicted from similar tissue thickness cutoff values. The results of the study indicate that high plantar pressure can be predicted from plantar tissue thickness with high sensitivity and specificity. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 94(1): 39-42, 2004)

scholarly journals Oral disorders in Chilean rodeo horses submitted for dental evaluation between 2010 and 2013

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Guerra ◽  
Mario Pineda ◽  
Luis De Negri ◽  
Aiko Adell ◽  
Felipe Correa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Type I ◽  
Premolar Extraction ◽  
Dental Diseases ◽  
Oral Examinations

Dental disorders are common in horses. The objetive of the study was determined the frequency of dental problems in Chilean Rodeo Horses and described the most common dental treatments used in Chile. Oral examinations were performed on 456 Chilean rodeo horses and the disorders were observed as follows: Oral soft tissues, 259 horses (56%) presented lacerations and/or ulcers. Regarding the first premolar, it was present in 32% of the horses, all maxillary positioned. In canines, 245 (54%) were present and overlong tooth. Disorders found in incisors show supererupted (Tooth overlong) in 147 (32%); ventral curvature in 116 (25%), nevertheless 102 (22%) horses showed no abnormalities. About the diseases found in cheek teeth (premolars and molars), the more prevalent ones was enamel points in 426 (93%), rostral or caudal hooks in 354 (78%), and ramps in 231 (51%). Confidence intervals between all dental diseases found in the study showed no statistical significance when was analyzed for age or gender. When age groups were made, statistical significance appear X² Pearson (p=0,01), were mostly malocclusion type I was the more common in young, mature and geriatric horses. Other disorders such as problems at the time of eruption, development and periodontal disease are statiscally similar X² (p=0,07). About the treatments it is important to mention that in 453 (99%) horses received odontoplasty and 147 (32%) first premolar extraction. This study shows that Chilean rodeo horses have dental disorders similar to other horse breeds, except by small increase in soft tissue damage and incisors problems.

Wave propagation, input impedance, and wall mechanics of the calf trachea from 16 to 1,600 Hz

1993 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 2755-2766 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Suki ◽  
R. H. Habib ◽  
A. C. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Input Impedance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Series Resistance ◽  
Free Field ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Phase Propagation ◽  
Propagation Of Waves ◽  
Airway Walls ◽  
The Relationship

Propagation of waves in the airways is important in flow limitation as well as in oscillation mechanics. In five excised calf tracheae, we measured phase propagation velocity (c) and input impedance with open (Zop) or closed end (Zcl) for frequencies (f) between 16 and 1,600 Hz at two axial tensions [nonstretched (TN) and stretched (TS); TS > TN]. From 16 to 64 Hz, c slightly increased because of the viscoelastic properties of the wall tissues. Between 64 and 200 Hz, c was relatively constant and less than the free-field speed of sound (c0 = 340 m/s), with values smaller at TS (140 +/- 39 m/s) than at TN (172 +/- 35 m/s). Above 200 Hz, c exceeded c0 and displayed two maxima at approximately 300 and approximately 700 Hz, with values of approximately 360 and approximately 550 m/s, respectively. For f > 1,400 Hz, c approached c0. We provide evidence that the two maxima in c were the result of the two-compartment behavior of the wall tissues, i.e., the separate cartilaginous and soft tissues. A nonrigid tube model with its wall impedance composed of two series resistance, compliance, and inertance pathways in parallel simultaneously fits c, Zop, and Zcl well and hence provides a link among these data. By use of the relationship between volumetric wall parameters and the tracheal geometry, separate material properties such as viscosity and Young's modulus of both the soft tissue (approximately 1 cmH2O.s and approximately 0.26 x 10(4) cmH2O, respectively) and the cartilage (approximately 3.7 cmH2O.s and approximately 2 x 10(4) cmH2O, respectively) were estimated. These results indicate that measures of c and Zop or Zcl data over these frequencies provide information about the dynamic mechanical properties of both the soft tissue and cartilage in the airway walls.

scholarly journals Anaerobic infections in children: a prospective survey

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 318-323
Author(s):  
M C Thirumoorthi ◽  
B M Keen ◽  
A S Dajani
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Clostridium Species ◽  
Prospective Survey ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
Anaerobic Infections

Over an 18-month period, cultures from 95 infants and children yielded 146 anaerobic organisms in 110 clinical specimens. Bacteroides was the most frequently isolated anaerobe, followed by Propionibacterium and Clostridium species. Intra-abdominal sources, soft tissues, and blood were the three major sources (82%) of isolation of anaerobes. Whereas most patients (58%) were over 5 years of age and only 11% were newborns, anaerobic infections constituted a rather uniform proportion of all infections, regardless of sources, in all age groups. Anaerobes accounted for only 2.9% of all positive cultures encountered from the various sources. Rates of recovery of anaerobes from intra-abdominal sources were significantly the highest, and from soft-tissue infections they were significantly the lowest. The anaerobic bacteremias observed were of no clinical significance when Propionibacterium species were isolated; however, recovery of other anaerobes from the blood, and primarily Bacteroides species, was usually associated with clinical disease. Except in blood cultures, anaerobes almost invariably coexisted with facultative bacteria.

Risk Attitude and Corporate Investment under Output Market Uncertainty: Evidence from The Mekong River Delta, Vietnam

2016 ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Ninh Le Khuong ◽  
Nghiem Le Tan ◽  
Tho Huynh Huu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Risk Attitude ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Risk Averse ◽  
Market Uncertainty ◽  
Firm Investment ◽  
Output Market ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper aims to detect the impact of firm managers’ risk attitude on the relationship between the degree of output market uncertainty and firm investment. The findings show that there is a negative relationship between these two aspects for risk-averse managers while there is a positive relationship for risk-loving ones, since they have different utility functions. Based on the findings, this paper proposes recommendations for firm managers to take into account when making investment decisions and long-term business strategies as well.

Relationship of Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Production Deviance: Role of Perceived Organizational Politics

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 367-382
Author(s):  
Irsa Fatima Makhdoom ◽  
Mohsin Atta ◽  
Najma Iqbal Malik
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Citizenship ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Civic Virtue ◽  
Organizational Politics ◽  
Work Behavior ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Production Deviance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The present study was an endeavor to extend the literature of perceived organizational politics by examining its moderating role between the relationship of organizational citizenship behavior and production deviance. Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale (Mackenzie, Podsakoff, & Paine, 1999), Production Deviance sub-scale of Counterproductive Work Behavior Checklist-32 (Spector et al., 2006), and Perception of Organizational Politics Scale (Kacmar & Carlson, 1997) were used in present study. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that low levels of perceived organizational politics moderated the relationship between courtesy and production deviance by strengthening the negative relationship of these behaviors while perceived organizational politics did not act as a moderator for the relationship of civic virtue and conscientiousness with production deviance. High level of go-along-to-get-ahead as a moderator strengthened the relationship of civic virtue and conscientiousness with production deviance and its low level was found to be moderating the relationship between courtesy and production deviance. Future implications of the study were also discussed.

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