scholarly journals Prevalence of Iron Deficiency Anaemia among the Reproductive Age Group Women Attending the Unani Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mazharul Islam ◽  
Atiya Khan ◽  
Arish Mohammad Khan Sherwani
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Introduction: Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) is the most widespread micronutrient deficiency. Globally, nearly two billion people are affected by anaemia. This disease most often affects children, women of child-bearing age, and pregnant women. Nearly half of the pregnant women in the world are estimated to be anaemic. Its prevalence varies according to region and socio-economic conditions. The majority of those who are anaemic live in developing countries where the problem is exacerbated by limited access to inadequate resources and appropriate treatment. Aim: To find out the prevalence of IDA in the reproductive age group women and its associated factors. Materials and Methods: This hospital based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 females, of age group 15-49 years. After obtaining the written informed consent, eligible subjects were inquired about socio-demographic variables, socio-economic status, anthropometric measurements and risk factors. Required investigations were done. All the information was recorded on the semi-structured schedule form. Chi-square/Fisher’s-exact test was used to find the significance of study parameters on categorical scale between two or more groups. Results: Prevalence of IDA was found to be 42% (168/400). Prevalence of IDA was significant with habitat (p=0.0180), exercise (p=0.0004), amount of blood loss during menstruation (p<0.0001), duration of flow during menstruation, (p=0.0020), consumption of fish (p=0.0002), consumption of legumes (p=0.002), consumption of green leafy vegetable (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Results confirmed an increased prevalence of IDA in women of reproductive age group.

scholarly journals Barriers to Optimal Iron Supplementation by Pregnant Women Attending the Mutare City Clinic, Manicaland, Zimbabwe

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Plaxcedia Mahundi ◽  
Kirthee Pillay ◽  
Nicola Wiles
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iron Supplements ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia

The optimal use of iron supplements by pregnant women is important in ensuring healthy pregnancy outcomes. However, some barriers may prevent the optimal use of iron supplements by pregnant women in developing countries, subsequently resulting in iron deficiency anaemia, threatening the health of the pregnant woman and the fetus. This study aimed to identify possible barriers to optimal iron supplementation among pregnant women and possible strategies for alleviating these barriers. This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Mutare City Clinic in Manicaland, Zimbabwe. A total of 64 Black African pregnant women aged between 17 and 39 years participated in 8 focus group discussions. The pregnant women identified several barriers to the optimal use of iron supplements. The major barriers were poor compliance mainly due to erratic supplies of iron supplements at the healthcare centre, inadequate nutrition education on the benefits of iron supplements, side effects, and religious and cultural beliefs. Poverty and the influence of family members were other barriers. Most pregnant women were accustomed to receiving iron supplements free of charge from the healthcare centres and could not afford to buy them from private pharmacies. Despite erratic supplies at healthcare centres, continuous reinforcement of positive iron supplementation could motivate pregnant women to take iron supplements. Intensive nutrition education programmes may help to improve perceptions of women towards iron supplements. This could possibly help to overcome barriers to optimal iron supplementation, and thus reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia among pregnant women in Zimbabwe.

scholarly journals Impact study of nutritional education as a controlling measure of iron deficiency anemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 4057
Author(s):  
Jayanta Saha ◽  
Sahana Mazumder Sen ◽  
Amalendu Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia is one of the most common nutritional disorders world-wide, especially in India and other developing countries. Young children and women in the reproductive age group are the most vulnerable to iron deficiency anaemia. Part of the reason for this lack of action is the fact that iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) has few overt symptoms. Hence this study have been undertaken to see the impact of nutritional counselling as a controlling measure of IDA.Methods: Rural women of reproductive age group were first screened for anemia and then for IDA. Two groups were formed one experimental group who were given nutritional counselling and another group designated as control group devoid of any such counselling. Baseline haematological indicators were estimated along with dietary surveys in both the groups. Haematological estimation and dietary survey was carried out again after six months and those women in experimental group still found to be anemic were again counselled, the procedure was repeated again at twelve months and at the end of the study that is eighteen months. Data’s were then statistically analysed for finding significant between the groups.Results: Our study showed statistically significant differences in haematological indicators between the experimental and control group at the end of the study. Intake of nutrition also showed statistically significant differences between the experimental and control group at the end of the study.Conclusions: Intervention only with iron and folic supplements is not adequate to tackle iron deficiency anemia problem. Therefore, there is a need to use interventions measures like nutritional education approaches for addressing major preventable causes of anemia. 

scholarly journals Prevalence of anaemia in pregnant and lactating women in rural Vijayapur

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Santosh D. Patil ◽  
Ravindranath A. Bhovi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Lactating Mothers ◽  
Haemoglobin Content

Background: Nutritional anaemia is defined as a condition in which the haemoglobin content of the blood is lower than normal as a result of deficiency of one or more essential nutrients. Anaemia is the late manifestation of deficiency of nutrient(s) needed for haemoglobin synthesis. The prevalence of anaemia in developing countries is estimated to be 43% and that of developed countries is 9%. Anaemia is estimated to contribute to more than 115000 maternal deaths and 591000 prenatal deaths globally per year. The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of anaemia among the pregnant women and lactating mothers and to explore the associated factors with anaemia.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among pregnant and lactating women in Ukkali a rural field practice area Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Vijayapur. Criteria for inclusion were pregnant women- current pregnancy of more than 6 months and lactating mother with child aged up to 6 months of age. Estimation of haemoglobin was carried by standard Sahlis pipette method. Anaemia was classified according to WHO grading criteria.Results: The maximum number of pregnant women (85.71%) in the age group of 35-49 years was anaemic followed by those who were in the age group of 20-34 years (61.54%). Prevalence of anaemia was 72 % in women of less than 20 years, whereas it was as high as 80% among lactating women of 35-49 years age group.Conclusions: Anaemia continues to be a problem with the existing health care resources. Socio-economic status, literacy of women and awareness related to health concerns are the major determinants that contribute to the problem of anaemia.

scholarly journals Associated factors of pregnancy spacing among women of reproductive age Group in South of Iran: cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Dehesh ◽  
Elaheh Salarpour ◽  
Neda Malekmohammadi ◽  
Sepideh Arjomand Kermani
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Recurrent Event ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pregnancy Spacing ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Abstract Background Optimal pregnancy spacing is an important incidence in reproductive women’s health. Short or long pregnancy spacing leads to the greatest health, social and economic problems such as increase in maternal and infant mortality and morbidity, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this study is to assess the mean of pregnancy spacing and associated factors of pregnancy spacing among women of reproductive age group with recurrent event analysis. Methods The fertility history of 1350 women aged 15–49 years was collected in this cross-sectional study. The women were selected through multistage random sampling method from a list of clinics in 2018. Some predictors were collected from their records and others were collected by face-to-face interview. The recurrent event survival analysis was used to explore the effect of predictors on pregnancy spacing. The R software program was used for analysis. Results There were nine predictors that had significant effect on pregnancy spacing. These predictors included the age of mother at marriage, mother’s BMI, contraception use, breast feeding duration of the previous child, the education level of husband, the sex preference of the mother, presence of abortion or stillbirth in the preceding pregnancies, income sufficiency, and mother’s awareness of optimum pregnancy interval. The most influential predictors; contraception use (HR = 2.34, 95%CI = 1.23 to 2.76, P < 0.001) and income sufficiency (HR = 2.046, 95%CI = 1.61 to 3.02, P = 0.018) lead to longer and son preference of mother (HR = 2.231, 95%CI = 1.24 to 2.81, P = 0.023) lead to shorter pregnancy spacing. Conclusion The up to date contraception tool should be at hand for couples to manage their pregnancy intervals. The unfavorable economic situation of a family leads to long pregnancy spacing. Despite the relative equality of the status of girls and boys in today’s societies, the desire to have a son child is still an important factor in shorter pregnancy spacing. The benefit of optimal pregnancy spacing should be more announced.

scholarly journals Low prevalence of iron-deficiency anaemia among Inuit preschool children: Nunavut Inuit Child Health Survey, 2007–2008

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1415-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Pacey ◽  
Hope Weiler ◽  
Grace M Egeland
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Deficiency Anaemia ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Iron Deficient ◽  
Household Crowding ◽  
Low Prevalence

AbstractObjectiveTo report the prevalence rates and correlates for anaemia, iron deficiency (ID) and iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) among Inuit preschool-aged children.DesignA cross-sectional study assessed iron intake, demographic information, medical history, anthropometrics, Hb, ferritin, C-reactive protein and antibodies toHelicobacter pylori.SettingSixteen selected Inuit communities in Nunavut Territory, Canada.SubjectsInuit (n388) aged 3–5 years randomly recruited from communities.ResultsAnaemia (3–4 years: Hb < 110 g/l; 5 years: Hb < 115 g/l) was prevalent in 16·8 % of children. The prevalence of ID (ferritin < 12 μg/l) was 18·0 % and that of IDA was 5·4 %. When ID was defined as ferritin <10 μg/l, 10·8 % of children were iron deficient and 3·3 % had IDA. In multiple logistic regression, boys were more likely to be iron deficient (OR = 2·28, 95 % CI 1·17, 8·25), but no other risk factor emerged for ID. Three- to 4-year-olds were less likely than 5-year-olds to have anaemia from causes other than ID (OR = 0·11, 95 % CI 0·08, 0·58). Anaemia from other causes was more common among children residing in crowded homes (OR = 2·30, 95 % CI 1·37, 12·31) and those treated for past-year ear infection (OR = 1·35, 95 % CI 1·05, 7·21).ConclusionsThe low prevalence of ID and IDA is encouraging, but efforts are still needed to reduce rates as they continue to be higher than general population rates. Household crowding and infections may contribute to anaemia and warrant further research.

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