scholarly journals Coronectomy versus Extraction of Third Molar with Inferior Alveolar Nerve Proximity: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavesh Maheshwari ◽  
Ram Parshad ◽  
Kashif Ali Channar ◽  
Ajeet Kumar Rathi ◽  
Rajesh Mali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Impacted Third Molar

Introduction: A tooth that failed to erupt in its expected time of eruption is called impacted tooth. Mandibular impacted teeth are common than any other tooth. Management of impacted teeth depends upon depth, angulations and type of impaction. Certain factors may increase the complications of tooth extraction. One of them is Inferior Alveolar Nerve (IAN) approximation with third molar roots. Coronectomy is surgical procedure through which crown of tooth can be removed at cementoenamel junction level and leaving the root part is a new procedure to avoid nerve injury. Aim: To compare outcome of extraction of lower third molar and coronectomy in management of impacted third molar with close proximity to inferior alveolar nerve. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department at Liaquat University of Medical and Health Science Jamshoro/Hyderabad, Pakistan. Ethical approval was sought from the ethical review committee of university. The written informed consent was taken from the patients. Total 36 patients were included in this study, divided into two groups using random number table. Patients with mandibular impacted third molar, with inferior alveolar nerve approximation diagnosed clinically and radiographically were included in this study. Group A was treated with surgical extraction and group B with Coronectomy. The data was analysed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical software version 20.0. The Chi-square test and Independent t-test was applied to check the statistical difference in outcomes of both treatment procedures. Results: Total 36 patients were included in two groups and the mean age of patients were 25±2 years with male to female ratio as 1.1:1. Preoperatively, all patients were having normal mouth opening and no neurosensory deficit. Postoperatively neurosensory deficit seen in both groups at follow-up visits but, at six weeks follow-up, all patients were recovered from IAN deficit in coronectomy group with statistically significant p-value <0.001. Conclusion: With this small sample size, it cannot be concluded which technique is better than other. With this single centre study, it was observed that coronectomy appears to be simple, easier and better procedure and more effective technique for minimising the risk to inferior alveolar nerve injury, limited mouth opening and dry socket that corresponds to impacted molar extraction.

scholarly journals Knowledge of Impacted Teeth among the Undergraduate Dental Students of a Medical College: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (239) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Twyana ◽  
Pranaya Khanal ◽  
Bikash Chaudhary ◽  
Alok Sagtani ◽  
Sujaya Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Medical College

Introduction: Third molar impaction is a common patient complaint in dentistry. Common symptoms are localized pain, swelling, bleeding, and difficulty in mouth opening. Since dental students deal with patients early in their education, for better skill, they should have knowledge of various teeth impactions. Hence, the objective was to find out the knowledge of impacted teeth among undergraduate dental students of a medical college. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among bachelor in dental surgery students of a medical college from November 30, 2020 to April 3, 2021. Data collection was done by convenience sampling after receiving ethical clearance from Institutional Review Committee (Reference 1208202006). A structured questionnaire in Google Forms was sent to 221 participants via Viber. Out of 213 responses received, 144 were analyzed in Excel after discarding for duplication and other errors. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage were analyzed. Results: Out of the total of 144 participants, only 81 (56.3%) (47.89-91.4 at 95% Confidence Interval) had known about the term ‘impacted teeth’ before joining Bachelor in Dental Surgery course. The source of information was mostly the internet 27 (18.8%) followed by dentist 23 (16%). Most students 116 (80.6%) were familiar with third molar impactions, 62 (43.1%) knew about types of impacted teeth/impaction, and 100 (69.4%) were aware of the complications of not removing impacted teeth. Conclusions: Dental students should be provided with appropriate ‘impacted teeth’ education supported by practical experience. More detailed information regarding impacted teeth should be included in the curriculum for better understanding.

scholarly journals Association of Oral Hygiene and Periodontal Health with Third Molar Pericoronitis: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mehmet Gagari Caymaz ◽  
Oğuz Buhara
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Impacted Third Molar ◽  
Molar Teeth

Background. Pericoronitis is a painful inflammatory condition commonly associated with third molar teeth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between oral hygiene and periodontal health status and the presence of pericoronitis in semi-impacted third molar teeth. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted, and 54 patients having at least one mandibular vertically semi-impacted third molar tooth with or without pericoronitis were consecutively enrolled. Subjects with pericoronitis and subjects with healthy third molars were selected according to symptoms in the gingiva overlying semi-impacted third molar teeth. Periodontal health status and oral hygiene were evaluated with the measures of plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), and total number of sites with a probing depth PD ≥ 4   mm . The clinical data collected in this study was analyzed with Mann–Whitney U test using SPSS 20.0 package program. Results. The PI scores were found to be significantly higher in patients with pericoronitis ( p < 0.05 ). Although the GI scores and PD scores were higher in patients with pericoronitis, the difference did not reach statistical significance when compared with those in healthy subjects ( p > 0.05 ). Conclusion. The findings obtained in this study suggest that the amount of dental plaque was positively associated with third molar pericoronitis. Gingival and periodontal health conditions were similar between patients with and without pericoronitis. Improving oral hygiene and controlling dental plaque may help prevent third molar pericoronitis.

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF INTRA-MASSETERIC AND SUBMUCOSAL DEXAMETHASONE INJECTION IN SURGICAL EXTRACTION OF IMPACTED LOWER THIRD MOLAR.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (07) ◽  
pp. 1141-1146
Author(s):  
Raza Ali ◽  
Tahira Shaikh ◽  
Mahwish Memon ◽  
Salman Shams
Keyword(s):  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Surgical Extraction ◽  
Facial Swelling

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of intra-masseteric and submucosal dexamethasone injection to minimize the postoperative discomfort after the surgical extraction of impacted lower third molar. Study Design: Cross sectional study (Comparative). Setting: Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dentistry, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences Jamshoro / Hyderabad. Period: January 2017 to June 2017. Subjects and Methods: All surgical extractions were done under local anaesthesia by giving conventional inferior alveolar nerve block. An envelope mucoperiosteal flap was raised to expose the third molar. Then tooth was extracted. After the removal of tooth any sharp bone was smoothened by bone filer and the socket was washed and sutured. The severity of pain was recorded by using Visual Analogue Scale from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain) described as mild, moderate or severe. Degree of swelling was measured by facial size through Amin and laskin criteria which was measured in millimeters. Mouth opening was measured by interincisal distance through ruler (35-45mm normal value). Results: From sixty four patients it was observed that the minimum age was 28.03+6.12 years. There were 35 male patients and 29 female patients. When Chi square test was applied, there was a significant association found between Groups (A and B). By using independent sample t-test, it was observed that there was a significant association found in both groups concerning facial swelling (Facial size in mm) having p-value 0.00. When the independent t-test was applied on the data, there was a significant association found in Group A and B regarding mouth opening (in mm) having p-value 0.001. Conclusions: Dexamethasone has a good efficacy for reducing the postoperative symptoms including severe pain, facial swelling and trismus after the surgical extraction of impacted lower third molar. The better outcomes perceived when it was administered submucosally.

scholarly journals Communicative health literacy in patients with non-communicable diseases in Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Desalew Tilahun ◽  
Abebe Abera ◽  
Gugsa Nemera
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Health Literacy Level ◽  
Literacy Level

Abstract Background Health literacy plays a prominent role in empowering individuals for prevention as well as management of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). However, there is paucity of information on the health literacy of patients with non-communicable diseases in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess communicative health literacy and associated factors in patients with NCDs on follow-up at Jimma Medical Center (JMC), Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from 4 May 2020 to 4 July 2020 with 408 randomly selected adult patients, attending outpatient department of JMC in Ethiopia. The final sample size was obtained by using single population proportion formula. All patients with NCDs who were on follow-up at chronic illness clinic, JMC, were used as a source population. All eligible patients with NCDs who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in this study. A simple random sampling technique was used to recruit study participants. Data were collected through structured interviewer administered questionnaires on the six of nine health literacy domains using Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ) containing 30 items, socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics, disease-related factors, and health information sources. Multivariable logistic regression was executed to determine the associations. Result Descriptive analysis shows more than half of the respondents in four of the six health literacy domains had high communicative health literacy level (CHLL). The proportion of people with high CHLL across each of the domains was as follows: health care provider support (56.1%), social support for health (53.7%), active engagement with a healthcare provider (56.1%), and navigating healthcare system (53.4%). We found educational status was significantly associated with five of six health literacy domains whereas number of sources was associated with four of six health literacy domains. Conclusion The overall findings of the current study indicate that health literacy levels vary according to socio-demographic and disease characteristics of patients. Thus, healthcare professionals should assess patients’ health literacy level and tailor information and support to the health literacy skills and personal context of their patients.

Status of Histopathology Services In Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S120-S120
Author(s):  
G O Yeabyo
Keyword(s):  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Status ◽  
Prevention Of Cancer ◽  
Great Public Health ◽  
Cancer Diseases

Abstract Introduction/Objective Cancer is one of a great public health problem in developing countries like Ethiopia and scarcity of histopathology laboratory is another burden for diagnosis and follow up of cancer diseases. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the accessibility of histopathology services in Ethiopia. Methods Cross sectional study design were used to analyze the status of histopathology services in Ethiopia. Results There are 13 histopathology laboratories in the nation and a survey was conducted at these institutions. Out of these 13 Histopathology services seven are located in the capital, Addis Ababa and six found out of the capital located in four different regions. About 40,239,100 habitants have no histopathology service around their catchment area. Conclusion There are very limited histopathology laboratories, as a result diagnosis and prevention of cancer diseases are inadequate throughout the country.

scholarly journals Clinical situation of Venezuelan migrants living with HIV in a hospital in Lima, Peru

2021 ◽  
pp. 095646242110240
Author(s):  
Genesis S Huerta-Vera ◽  
Manuel A Amarista ◽  
Fernando A Mejía ◽  
Ana B Graña ◽  
Elsa V Gonzalez-Lagos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epidemiological Trends ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Living With Hiv

Due to a huge crisis extensive to health services many Venezuelan people living with HIV (PLWH) had migrated abroad, including Peru where favorable laws were in place until June 2019. We describe the health status and epidemiological trends of PLWH from Venezuela at an HIV program in Lima. We analyzed baseline and follow-up data of all Venezuelan PLWH enrolled in our HIV program from January 2017 to December 2019. A cross-sectional study in a subsample served to describe ARV adherence and context of migration. Between 2017-2019 our HIV Program registered 398 Venezuelan PLWH, representing 20% of the 2018 annual enrollments; numbers decreased since mid-2019. The median age was 30 years (IQR 26;37) and 90.5% were men. Between 2017 and 2019, the proportion with diagnosis in Peru increased from 14.3% to 60.9%; of AIDS stage at entry, from 8.8% to 27.2%. By December 2019, 182/250 (72.8%) were still in care, and 43 (10.8%) had not started ART. Viral suppression evaluated in 195, was achieved in 71.8%. From 2017 to 2019, migrant PLWH arrived in worsened clinical conditions, with increasing diagnosis in Peru; the flow of migrant PLWH entering care diminished with less favorable laws. Viral suppression rates were suboptimal.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Poor Glycemic and Lipid Levels in Ambulatory Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients in Asmara, Eritrea: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Okoth Achila ◽  
Millen Ghebretinsae ◽  
Abraham Kidane ◽  
Michael Simon ◽  
Shewit Makonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Specific Lipid

Objective. There is a dearth of relevant research on the rapidly evolving epidemic of diabetes mellitus (particularly Type 2 diabetes mellitus) in sub-Saharan Africa. To address some of these issues in the Eritrean context, we conducted a cross-sectional study on glycemic and lipid profiles and associated risk factors. Methods. A total of 309 patients with diabetes mellitus on regular follow-up at the Diabetic and Hypertensive Department at Halibet Regional Referral Hospital, Asmara, were enrolled for the study. Data on specific clinical chemistry and anthropomorphic parameters was collected. Chi-squared (χ2) test or Fischer’s exact test was used to evaluate the relationship between specific variables. Multivariate logistic regression (backward: conditional) was undertaken to identify the factors associated with increased odds of suboptimal values in glucose and specific lipid panel subfractions. Results. High proportions of patients (76.7%) had suboptimal levels of HbA1c with a mean±SD of 8.6%±1.36, respectively. In multivariate regression analysis, the likelihood of HbA1c≥7% was higher in patients with abnormal WHR (AOR=3.01, 95% CI, 3.01 (1.15–7.92=0.024)) and in patients without hypertension (AOR=1.97, 95% CI (1.06–3.56), p=0.021). A unit reduction in eGFR was also associated with HbA1c≥7% (AOR=0.99, 95% CI (0.98–1=0.031)). In a separate analysis, the data shows that 80.9% of the patients had dyslipidemia. In particular, 62.1% of the patients had TC≥200 mg/dL (risk factors: sex, hypertension, and HbA1c concentration), 81.6% had LDL‐C≥100 mg/dL (risk factors: sex and hypertension), 56.3% had TG≥150 (risk factors: sex, HbA1c, and waist circumference), 62.8% had abnormal HDL-C (risk factors: waist circumference), 78.3% had non‐HDL<130 mg/dL (risk factors: duration of disease, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, and HbA1c), and 45.3% had abnormal TG/HDL (risk factors: sex, age of patient, FPG, and waist circumference). Conclusions. The quality of care, as measured by glycemic and specific lipid targets, in this setting is suboptimal. Therefore, there is an urgent need for simultaneous improvements in both indicators. This will require evidence-based optimization of pharmacological and lifestyle interventions. Therefore, additional studies, preferably longitudinal studies with long follow-up, are required on multiple aspects of DM.

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