scholarly journals Selection Approach for Indian Medical Residency Program: Perspective of Interns and Residents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puja Dulloo
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Interns And Residents ◽  
Selection Test ◽  
Entrance Test

Introduction: Indian Postgraduate (PG) selection process has undergone various modifications since the past decade including the recent single nationalised entrance test initiated from April 2016. The perception of graduates and PGs for the type and process of selection test is not known. Aim: To study the perception of interns and residents regarding the process of the National Eligibility Cum Entrance Test for Postgraduates (NEET-PG) selection test. Materials and Methods: An exploratory qualitative thematic analytic study was conducted using purposive sampling with Semi-Structured Interviews (SSI), as per gender and academic grading, interns, and residents were selected. Eleven interns and ten first year residents took part. Braun and Clarke's six-phase thematic analysis framework was used for data analysis. Results: Three themes emerged; "building validity", "Proposed modifications" and "learning by the assessment". Validity building was related in terms of framing the multiple-choice questions, the format of the examination, and single attempt made per year. Different modifications were suggested by graduates and residents, in terms of assessment tools and strategies. Significant variations were observed in terms of learning by present assessment. Conclusion: The NEET-PG, a single nationalised assessment, appears to be well accepted with questioning for its validity in terms of assessment tool used, leading to restricted learning for the applicants. Participants widely proposed various assessment tools and methods for conducting a PG selection test for medical specialties. The NEET-PG assessment requires modification in terms of domains being assessed for the applicant so that it would improve patient care and safety. Selection authorities should pay weightage to the applicant's voice before framing the policies.

Adoption of a Pain Assessment Tool in Older Homebound Patients With Dementia in a Housecall Practice: A Dissemination Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Claude K. Provost
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pain Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Advanced Dementia ◽  
Pain Diagnosis

This article describes the steps of a pilot dissemination study toward adopting a pain assessment tool for older homebound adults with dementia. The chosen practice site had not previously used adequate pain assessment tools for older adults with dementia. After the selection process by a pain assessment tool committee, providers (N = 20) were asked to choose between three tools: pain assessment in advanced dementia (PAINAD), the Abbey Pain Scale, and DOLOPLUS-2/ DOLOSHORT. Providers voted to use the PAINAD (54%) for the following 2 weeks. A preintervention audit showed that without the use of a pain assessment tool, 97.7% of the charts did not have any documentation of a pain diagnosis nor an intervention. Postintervention using PAINAD, 91.3% of the charts had both (χ2[1] = 18.645, p < .001). The feedback obtained from providers (n = 10) after 2 weeks of testing the tool was unanimously positive. Many providers reported increased confidence in identifying pain and some changed their practice by placing pain assessment in the forefront of their encounter with their older clients with dementia. PAINAD was adopted as the pain assessment tool for this practice.

scholarly journals Tapping into Bloom Taxonomy’s Higher-Order Cognitive Processes: The Case for Multiple Choice Questions as a Valid Assessment Tool in the ESP Classroom

2021 ◽  
pp. 160-171
Author(s):  
Iryna Lenchuk ◽  
Amer Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Higher Order Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Higher Order Thinking Skills

This article describes the results of Action Research conducted in an ESP classroom of Dhofar University located in Oman. Following the call of Oman Vision 2040 to emphasize educational practices that promote the development of higher-order cognitive processes, this study raises the following question: Can an online multiple choice question (MCQ) quiz tap into the higher-order cognitive skills of apply, analyze and evaluate? This question was also critical at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic when Omani universities switched to the online learning mode. The researchers administered an online MCQ quiz to 35 undergraduate students enrolled in an ESP course for Engineering and Sciences. The results showed that MCQ quizzes could be developed to tap into higher-order thinking skills when the stem of the MSQ is developed as a task or a scenario. The study also revealed that students performed better on MCQs that tap into low-level cognitive skills. This result can be attributed to the prevalent practice in Oman to develop assessment tools that tap only into a level of Bloom’s taxonomy, which involves the cognitive process of retrieving memorized information. The significance of the study lies in its pedagogical applications. The study calls for the use of teaching and assessment practices that target the development of higher-order thinking skills, which is aligned with the country’s strategic direction reflected in Oman vision 2040.

scholarly journals Clinicians’ Perceptions of the Implementation of the Structured Assessment of Protective Factors for Violence Risk (SAPROF) on an Inpatient Forensic Unit

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Domjancic ◽  
Treena Wilkie ◽  
Shaheen Darani ◽  
Brittney Williams ◽  
Bandhana Maheru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Violence Risk ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Consensus Scoring ◽  
Additional Value

The Structured Assessment of PROtective Factors for Violence Risk (SAPROF) is an assessment tool that examines protective factors when assessing for violence risk. There is limited research on clinicians’ perceptions of the use and implementation of risk assessment tools, and this study aimed to examine the experiences of clinicians using the SAPROF in a low secure forensic rehabilitation inpatient unit in Canada. An exploratory research design was used, and five clinicians participated in semi-structured interviews. Data was analyzed using a thematic approach and three central themes were identified: understanding of the patient from a strengths-based point of view, providing clinicians with a focus on how to help the patient, and bringing in opportunities to collaborate as a team. The findings highlight the additional value of the SAPROF as tool in helping forensic teams to adopt strengths based approaches to risk assessment, enhancing treatment planning and inter-professional collaboration.   Keywords: strengths, risk assessment, SAPROF, consensus scoring, recovery

scholarly journals Conducting a psychosocial and lifestyle assessment as part of an integrated care approach for childhood obesity: experiences, needs and wishes of Dutch healthcare professionals

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. Koetsier ◽  
M. M. A. van Mil ◽  
M. M. A. Eilander ◽  
E. van den Eynde ◽  
C. A. Baan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Integrated Care ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Care Approach ◽  
The Right ◽  
Visual Materials ◽  
Solution Focused

Abstract Background The causes and consequences of childhood obesity are complex and multifaceted. Therefore, an integrated care approach is required to address weight-related issues and improve children’s health, societal participation and quality of life. Conducting a psychosocial and lifestyle assessment is an essential part of an integrated care approach. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences, needs and wishes of healthcare professionals with respect to carrying out a psychosocial and lifestyle assessment of childhood obesity. Methods Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with Dutch healthcare professionals, who are responsible for coordinating the support and care for children with obesity (coordinating professionals, ‘CPs’). The following topics were addressed in our interviews with these professionals: CPs’ experiences of both using childhood obesity assessment tools and their content, and CPs’ needs and wishes related to content, circumstances and required competences. The interviews comprised open-ended questions and were recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data was analysed using template analyses and complemented with open coding in MAXQDA. Results Most CPs experienced both developing a trusting relationship with the children and their parents, as well as establishing the right tone when engaging in weight-related conversations as important. CPs indicated that visual materials were helpful in such conversations. All CPs used a supporting assessment tool to conduct the psychosocial and lifestyle assessment but they also indicated that a more optimal tool was desirable. They recognized the need for specific attributes that helped them to carry out these assessments, namely: sufficient knowledge about the complexity of obesity; having an affinity with obesity-related issues; their experience as a CP; using conversational techniques, such as solution-focused counselling and motivational interviewing; peer-to-peer coaching; and finally, maintaining an open-minded, non-stigmatizing stance and harmonizing their attitude with that of the child and their parents. Conclusions Alongside the need for a suitable tool for conducting a psychosocial and lifestyle assessment, CPs expressed the need for requisite knowledge, skills and attitudes. Further developing a supporting assessment tool is necessary in order to facilitate CPs and thereby improve the support and care for children with obesity and their families.

Building organisational resilience for the construction industry

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulkfli Sapeciay ◽  
Suzanne Wilkinson ◽  
Seosamh B. Costello
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Post Disaster

Purpose This paper aims to explore New Zealand construction practitioners’ approaches to organisational resilience practice in built environment discipline, based on survey and interview results. The objective was to explore the resilience practice within the construction sector with the intention of developing a resilient assessment tool specifically for construction organisations. Design/methodology/approach A literature review was conducted to gather information on assessment tools for measuring organisational resilience, their characteristics and indicators. Subsequently, a set of questions was formulated to collate opinions from construction practitioners in New Zealand, using a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews. Findings This paper concludes by showing that the construction industry lacks resilience practice, especially from an organisational perspective. The findings suggest that the industry would benefit from a resilience assessment tool to help improve resilience. The adoption of such a tool could potentially enhance organisational capacity to recover quickly from crises and disasters. Practical implications Improving the resilience of construction organisations to natural disasters not only minimises the negative consequences to their organisations post-disaster and enhances their organisational performance during business as usual but also helps to improve community resilience. Originality/value Improving the resilience of construction organisations also helps to improve community resilience and overall post-disaster recovery. However, at present, little research has been conducted on how construction organisations deal with the risk of natural disasters.

scholarly journals Understanding what impacts on disclosing anal incontinence for women when comparing bowel-screening tools: a phenomenological study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Tucker ◽  
Elizabeth Mary Ann Murphy ◽  
Mary Steen ◽  
Vicki L. Clifton
Keyword(s):  
Anal Incontinence ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Childbearing Age

Abstract Background There is limited research defining the true prevalence of anal incontinence (AI) in women of childbearing age. Understanding the limitations of the current assessment tools in the identification of AI is paramount for identifying the prevalence of AI and improving the care and management for women of childbearing age. The aim of this research was to explore and develop an understanding of women’s experiences in disclosing AI when completing a new bowel-screening questionnaire when compared to two established AI tools. Methods A phenomenological qualitative research study was undertaken in a maternity setting in a large tertiary hospital. Parous women in the first trimester of a subsequent pregnancy were recruited to complete a specifically designed screening tool (BSQ), St Marks Faecal incontinence score (Vaizey) and Cleveland (Wexner) score. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were utilised to identify experiences in disclosing AI. Results Women (n = 16, 22–42 years) with a history of anal incontinence either following the first birth (n = 12) or the second (n = 4) provided differing responses between the three assessment tools. All women answered the BSQ while the Vaizey and Wexner scores were more difficult to complete due to clinical language and participants level of comprehension. Women identified three major themes that were barriers for disclosing incontinence, which included social expectations, trusted space and confusion. Conclusion There are barriers for disclosing AI in the pregnant and post-natal population, which can be improved with the use of an easy assessment tool. The BSQ may facilitate discussion on AI between the patient and health professional leading to earlier identification and improvement in short and long-term health outcomes.

scholarly journals Health Literacy questionnaire development for 9 and 10 years old: a discussion of assessment tools!

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Reis ◽  
I Barroso ◽  
L Saboga-Nunes ◽  
O Okan ◽  
T Bollweg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
A Priori ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Questionnaire Development ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
School Settings

Abstract Background With Health literacy (HL) investments - to promote health and self-care during people’s life cycles (childhood, especially) - health professionals approach is multi-dimensional: within the family, school settings and community. The objective of this study is to explore the feasibility and usability of a questionnaire to characterize HL levels among 9 and 10 years old. It is expected that this will help health care personal to better focus health promotion initiatives in the school setting. Methods The CrAdLiSa project in conjunction with the HLCA German Consortium, implemented a field test for the newly developed HL assessment tool for children in the Portuguese context. This is a deductive-inductive, exploratory-descriptive study including 16 children, with 9 and 10 years old, from 2 different elementary schools in Santarém District (rural and urban areas). Semi-structured interviews aim at exploring the cognitive appraisal of concepts and indicators at the base of the questionnaire developed to assess HL levels. Data was subjected to content analysis, with a priori and a posteriori categorization. Results Preliminary results point to the cognitive comprehension by children of the feasibility of an instrument to assess their HL levels. It depicts discriminatory capabilities (to allow characterization of low, medium or high levels of HL). Children living in urban areas, having better financial resources are less likely to develop obesity, or low weight. Better self-perception of school performance, good relationship with family members, parents with higher education or higher levels of HL appear to have better quality of life. Conclusions Results suggest the need to invest in children’s and families’ HL, while taking into consideration personal, environmental and socioeconomic determinants. School settings should be considered as a natural arena to improve children’s (and, as a result, families’ and communities’) HL levels.

scholarly journals Assessing collaborative performance on construction projects through knowledge exchange

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 968-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gergana Staykova ◽  
Jason Underwood
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Knowledge Exchange ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Continuous Assessment ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Collaborative Performance

Purpose How knowledge exchange (KE) can be used for the continuous assessment and improvement of collaborative performance of project-based organisations in construction is explored. Collaboration on construction projects must be facilitated by people alongside practice of continuous performance assessment and improvement. Currently available assessment tools fail to explicitly define appropriate behaviours and actions due to a poor understanding of what it means for people to collaborate. In contrast, it is established that KE is the focus of collaborative efforts on construction projects; therefore, as most knowledge resides with people, it represents their role in collaboration. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Through a phenomenological/interpretivist and qualitative methodology, how KE can be used for the continuous assessment and improvement of collaborative performance in project-based organisations in construction is explored. A single case study of a UK rail strategic alliance was adopted and six semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed through a thematic analysis. Findings An assessment tool is proposed based on a set of 20 characteristics of KE, divided into seven categories and linked to indicators of collaboration. The tool can be applied to highly collaborative projects where BIM and Lean are implemented, and project participants are collocated. By measuring their performance against the set criteria, project teams can assess which of their behaviours and actions are inappropriate, and focus their efforts on correcting them. Originality/value Defining the abstract indicators traditionally used to assess collaboration in terms of characteristics pertinent to day-to-day communication amongst participants on collaborative projects to facilitate the continuous assessment and improvement of collaborative performance.

scholarly journals Assessing the studies results in the discipline "Economics"

KANT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-242
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vlazneva ◽  
Aleksey Vlaznev
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Student Understanding ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Different Levels

The article is devoted to the use of multiple choice questions and essay assignments as assessment tools during the economics training. The authors describe three levels of economics understanding. They provide examples of multiple-choice questions and essay assignments that can measure different levels of economics understanding. The authors conclude that multiple-choice questions can be used to measure some but not all levels of student understanding while higher levels cannot be accurately measured with this assessment tool. The essay has great potential to assess the higher levels of student understanding of economics.

scholarly journals Validation of a multiple criteria tool for healthcare facilities quality evaluation

Facilities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Brambilla ◽  
Göran Lindahl ◽  
Marta Dell'Ovo ◽  
Stefano Capolongo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assessment ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Patient Centeredness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Social Environmental

Purpose Several healthcare quality assessment tools measure the processes and outcomes of the care system. The actual physical infrastructure (buildings and organizational) aspects are, however, rarely considered. The purpose of this paper is to describe the process of validation and weighting of an evidence-informed framework for the quality assessment of hospital facilities from social, environmental and organizational perspectives to complement other assessments. Design/methodology/approach Sustainable High-quality Healthcare version 2 (SustHealth v2) is the updated version of an existing framework composed of three domains (social, environmental and organizational quality). To validate and establish a relevant weighting, interviews were conducted with 15 professionals within the field of healthcare planning, design, research and management. The study has been conducted through semi-structured interviews and the application of the Simon Roy Figueras (SRF) procedure for the elicitation of weights criteria. The data collected have been processed through the DecSpace web platform. Findings Among the three domains, the organizational qualities appear to be the most important (W = 49%), followed by the environmental (W = 29%) and social aspects (W = 22%). Relevant indicators such as future-proofing, wayfinding and users’ space control emerged as the most important within each macro-area. Those results are confirmed by the outcome of the interviews that highlight user/patient-centeredness, wayfinding strategies and space functionality as the most important concepts to foster in existing healthcare facilities improvement. Practical implications The study highlights important structural and organizational aspects that hospital managers and planners can consider when dealing with healthcare facilities’ quality improvement. Originality/value The use of the SRF multicriteria method is novel in this context when used to weight an assessment tool with a focus on hospital built environment.

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