PHOTO-OXIDATION OF CRUDE OILS

1977 ◽  
Vol 1977 (1) ◽  
pp. 617-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichi Nagata ◽  
Goro Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Photo Oxidation ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
Ca 50 ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Photo Decomposition ◽  
And Chemical Properties

ABSTRACT Changes with elapsed time are presented for five kinds of oils that were studied through the analyses of GLC method, where particularly we made an attempt to examine the relationship among specific gravity, viscosity, and the amount of water in oils. Furthermore, we tried to evaluate a few processes of various kinds of changes on the physical and chemical properties of oils such as evaporation, biodegradation, and photo-decomposition. The evaporation process was found to affect mainly paraffins with smaller boiling points, below the number of C12-C13, for 21 days, while due to the action of marine bacteria, normal paraffins were effectively degraded (ca. 50%) after 15 days except for branched ones. Moreover, it was also found that the aromatic hydrocarbons with anthracene ring and heteroaromatic ones, which were not easily decomposed by the processes mentioned above, were fairly decomposed by photo-irradiation for 10 hours.

Effect of Basicity on Continuous Casting Mold Flux Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Hua Zhu ◽  
Li Guang Zhu ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Peng Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Mold Flux ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Continuous Casting Mold ◽  
Casting Mold ◽  
Flux Function ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Basicity is an important parameter which can determine the performance of continuous casting fluxes, and it have different effects on flux of various physical and chemical properties. This paper discusses the relationship and impact between basicity and the physical and chemical properties of flux, Which proved how changes of basicity affect physical and chemical properties of flux, and then how it affects the flux function .

Communication of integrated dielectric permitivity and NMR–characteristics of oil with its physical and chemical properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Mezin ◽  
◽  
Mariya Y. Shumskayte ◽  
Olga V. Rodionova ◽  
Aleksandra I. Buruhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Composition ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Complex Dielectric Constant ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Nmr Parameters ◽  
Dielectric Permitivity ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The paper presents the results of experimental studies on the dielectric and NMR characteristics of oil samples. The relationship between the complex dielectric constant and the NMR parameters of oil with its density, viscosity and group composition has been established. It was found that the results of these methods directly depend on the content of resinous–asphaltenic compounds in the composition of the studied oil sample.

Toxicology Perspective of Nanopharmaceuticals: A Critical Review

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1287-1295
Author(s):  
S C Patel ◽  
Patel R.C ◽  
Saiyed M.A.
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Research ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Environmental Health And Safety ◽  
Toxic Response ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Chemical Properties

For the last 10 years pharmaceutical research and industry has elucidated several innovations and practices in pharmaceutical nanotechnology. Due to the increasing use of nanoparticles, the risk of human exposure rapidly increases and reliable toxicity test systems are urgently needed. Nanotoxicology refers to the study of the interactions of nanostructures with biological systems with an emphasis on the relationship between the physical and chemical properties of nanostructures with induction of toxic biological responses. It involves their unique biodistribution, clearance, accumulation, immune response and metabolism. An understanding of the relationship between the physical and chemical properties of the nanostructure and their in-vivo behavior would provide a basis for assessing toxic response and more importantly could lead to better predictive models for assessing toxicity. The current regulations for nanoparticles containing products are still in a nascent stage. The advantages of nanoparticles led to failures in noticing the toxic outcomes in living organisms. Major changes are required by considering several factors including environmental, health and safety issues. The rapid commercialization of nanotechnology requires thoughtful open discussion of broader societal impacts and urgent toxicological oversight action.

Nanocrystallites in urine and their relationship with the formation of kidney stones

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Ming Ouyang ◽  
Zhi-Yue Xia ◽  
Guang-Na Zhang ◽  
He-Qun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Aggregation Size ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractKidney stones are mainly composed of inorganic crystals such as calcium oxalate (CaOxa). At present, kidney stones can be detected only after their formation, which causes great suffering for patients. If kidney stones can be detected prior to their formation, they can be effectively prevented, which presents great commercial value. In this paper, we review the differences in urine nanocrystallites between stone-forming patients and healthy controls, as well as the relationship between nanocrystallites in urine and the formation of kidney stones. These differences are microcrystalline morphology, aggregation, size and distribution, chemical composition, Zeta potential and stability. The results showed that the formation of kidney stones is closely related to the nature of nanocrystallites. Through the regulation of the physical and chemical properties of nanocrystallites, the formation and recurrence of kidney stones are possibly inhibited.

scholarly journals A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG ZOOPLANKTONS AND DIFFERENT ABIOTIC FACTORS AT BARDA BANDHARAN WETLAND, KODINAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Mehul P Dave ◽  
Nikul B. Chavda
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Freshwater Wetlands ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Temporary Wetland ◽  
Wetland Water ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Wetland ecosystems are among the most productive ecosystems in the biosphere. Wetland ecosystem supports the growth of Biodiversity. Hydrology of wetland water gives idea about physical and chemical properties of water and their relationship with ecosystem Biodiversity. In present study we investigate relation between Abiotic factors on Zooplankton Diversity. Phytoplankton is integral components of freshwater wetlands, which significantly contribute towards succession and dynamics of zooplankton and fish. In preset study we have investigated Zooplankton Diversity fluctuation with changing Abiotic factors during Pre, Middle and post winter during 2016-17 of Barda Bandharan (Temporary wetland) near Barda Village, Kodinar, Gujarat.

scholarly journals Prediction of physico-chemical properties for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons based on electronic characteristics of molecules

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Mikhail Yu. Dolomatov ◽  
◽  
Natalia H. Paymurzina ◽  
Ella A. Kovaleva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ionization Potentials ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Electron Affinities ◽  
Boiling Points ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

QSPR models have been developed to predict of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) based on quantum chemical and integral spectroscopic descriptors. The first ionization potentials calculated from the energies of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), relative autocorrelation empirical parameters and the total number of electrons of non-ionized molecules were used as quantum chemical descriptors. Ionization potentials, electron affinities, boiling points, molecular masses, saturation vapor pressure of PAHs were studied as physical-chemical properties. Ionization potentials and electron affinities (IPs and EAs) are calculated by the use of density functional theory (DFT). Relative empirical autocorrelation parameters µ were calculated from the spectra of PAH molecules experimentally obtained and taken from the databases. The predictive power of resulting model is demonstrated by testing it on unseen data that were not used during model generation. Coefficients of determination for all dependencies considered in this paper are not less than 0.95. To assess the reliability for coefficients of determination, their mean errors were calculated. In this paper, we compared theoretical (experimental) and model-calculated values. Relative errors were estimated: for the electron donating ability of PAHs is 1.11% (for IP) and 0.86% (for EA); at about 3.1% for boiling points; not more than 0.51% for molar mass, for saturated vapor pressure, the error is more significant, which is apparently due to the difficulties of determining this value. The obtained models make it possible to estimate physical and chemical properties with sufficient accuracy for practical applications. The research results can be practically used in petrochemistry, carbon chemistry, organic chemistry, for prediction of physical and chemical properties PAH molecules.

Phytotoxicity and Adsorption of Chlorsulfuron as Affected by Soil Properties

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 564-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wondimagegnehu Mersie ◽  
Chester L. Foy
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The phytotoxicity of chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide} was compared in six soils, and the relationship of activity to soil physical and chemical properties was evaluated. The influence of soil pH (4.2 to 7.8) on phytotoxicity and adsorption of chlorsulfuron incorporated into high-organic-matter soil was also studied. For the phytotoxicity studies, corn (Zea maysL. ‘Pioneer 3320’) was used as the bioassay plant. Organic matter was the soil variable most highly correlated with chlorsulfuron phytotoxicity. There was an inverse relationship between phytotoxicity and organic matter. No significant relationship between clay content and chlorsulfuron toxicity was observed. The adsorption of chlorsulfuron decreased with increasing soil pH while desorption was greater at alkaline pH. Phytotoxicity of chlorsulfuron increased with increasing soil pH and reached a maximum at pH 6.9.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document