scholarly journals PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF OIL POLLUTION IN NEW ZEALAND

1981 ◽  
Vol 1981 (1) ◽  
pp. 551-556
Author(s):  
Philip Tortell
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
Problem Situations ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Rivers And Lakes ◽  
And Control ◽  
Transportation Routes

ABSTRACT New Zealand is fortunate in being removed from the main oil transportation routes, and its own domestic oil requirements are comparatively small. In spite of this auspicious situation, however, the country cannot afford to be complacent. New Zealand has a coastline of about 8,000 kilometers (km), numerous offshore islands, and an exclusive economic zone covering approximately 1.4 million square nautical miles (nmi2). It is also endowed with ample rivers and lakes, most of which are in excellent condition. Recognition of the threat that oil poses for these resources has led to measures to prevent and combat oil pollution: materials and equipment have been purchased, a contingency plan has been developed, and a coastal resources atlas is being produced. However, these actions, which are financed by a levy on shipping, are limited in scope. The Ministry of Transport, which administers oil pollution control, is not responsible for spills on land, in inland waters, or in harbours. These spills are the responsibility of local authorities, who are often inexperienced and usually ill equipped to deal with such emergencies. Free of any sectional responsibility, the Commission for the Environment can apply itself to those problem situations that arise because of the restrictive scope of agencies' operations and responsibilities.

MARYLAND'S EXPERIENCE IN OIL SPILL PREVENTION AND CONTROL

1975 ◽  
Vol 1975 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Henry Silbermann ◽  
Edwin C. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Control Program ◽  
The State ◽  
Oil Spill Response ◽  
Spill Control ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT An existing spill prevention and response program is described utilizing staff of the state Water Resources Administration to enforce explicit oil pollution control laws and regulations, provide response to and assistance in oil spill containment and cleanup, and foster spill prevention attitudes and techniques. Special equipment designed and constructed by agency staff is detailed. Legislative history, state laws and regulations on oil spill prevention, and the Maryland oil industry are described as introduction to the spill prevention and control program itself. Emphasis is placed on spill prevention, based on the slogan, “The best oil pollution control is the spill that never happened.” Maryland petroleum industry representatives are directly involved in this program. With industry support, the state enacted in 1972 legislation establishing a schedule of licenses and license fees for oil terminal facilities, which must have an adequate spill control program. The Maryland Oil Disaster Containment, Cleanup and Contingency Fund is supported by license fees charged on an annual basis on oil storage facilities with storage capability greater than 3,000 barrels. The fees produce approximately $250,000 a year for use in spill prevention, control, and cleanup measures. Using a small staff, the Maryland Water Resources Administration has established an oil spill response program complete with (a) 24-hour, seven-day-a-week response capability to spills of oil and other hazardous materials, (b) construction and development of specially equipped oil spill control units, and (c) the stockpiling throughout the state of equipment and supplies for spill containment and removal. Local fire departments, which are mostly volunteer in the state, are an essential part of the oil spill response team. Other state agencies are also involved, with the total program coordinated by an oil spill coordinator and a staff of four.

The Prevention and Control of Marine Pollution: A Progress Report

1972 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Progress Report ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Look Ahead ◽  
Overlapping Spheres ◽  
And Control

Whether one is concerned with the continuing availability of caviar or the state of the beach at Brighton, it is difficult to remain unaware of the almost obsessive attention which is being paid to pollution in general and to marine pollution in particular by a host of institutions, national and international. Not only because the problem is a very complex and many-sided one but also because it is a politically fashionable one, there are very few international institutions which have not felt the necessity to take part in the current debate. One result is that it is rapidly becoming a full-time occupation to collect, digest and assess the ever-increasing volume of documentation, much of which reffects the overlapping spheres of juisdiction of the institutions concerned. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to present a comprehensive progress report on the work of these institutions, whether their concern be with the prevention and control of marine pollution or with compensation for the damage it causes. It is hoped that such a report will provide a useful framework of reference for a better understanding of the preparations for and results of the several international conferences which are scheduled to meet in the next few years. The paper falls into six main parts. Following an introductory section on the institutional framework within which work is proceeding, parts II-V deal with the substance of that work on the prevention of oil pollution; liability for oil pollution; radioactive pollution; and marine pollution by other hazardous substances. Finally, part VI is devoted to a summing up and look ahead.

Legislation On Oil Pollution Prevention And Control During Petroleum Production

1988 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Abu Azam Md. Yassin
Keyword(s):  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
The World ◽  
Pollution Prevention And Control ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
And Control ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
And Storage

Malaysia has long been victim of oil pollution well before the start of her own offshore exploitation of oil. With the effort to exploit offshore oil and gas, Malaysia has now become causer of pollution herself. Legislation existed for oil pollution prevention and control, along each and every stage of offshore petroleum operations which include exploration, development, production, transportation, treatment and storage. But procedures to explain the existing legislation is lacking and hence it is important to expound the existing legislation for controlling and preventing oil pollution from offshore operation in line with current practices around the world.

Environmental Protection and Regulations in India: Role of the Central Pollution Control Board

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakash Chand
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Control Board ◽  
Central Pollution Control Board ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Control

Since independence, Indian policymakers have attempted to address environmental problems by passing a number of rules and regulations as per the vision of the constitution and in response to the requirement of time. However, due to the prevalent poverty and the developmental compulsions of the nation, environment and its protection was not a priority of the government till the end of the 1960s. But, the 1972 Stockholm Conference on Human Environment brought a marked shift in India’s approach to environmental issues. The conference proved to be a turning point in India’s perception on environment and facilitated the creation of the National Committee on Environmental Planning and Co-ordination (NCEPC) in 1972. The NCEPC triggered a rise in environmental legislation, beginning with the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974, which provided for the creation of Pollution Control Boards for the control of water pollution at national and state levels and empowered them to enforce the law. The boards were later empowered to deal with air pollution by Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981 and acted as regulatory mechanisms to environmental protection. This article primarily deals with the role of the Central Pollution Control Board as a regulatory authority to environmental protection and regulations in India.

14. Environmental permitting and integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Bell ◽  
Donald McGillivray ◽  
Ole W. Pedersen ◽  
Emma Lees ◽  
Elen Stokes
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Industrial Pollution ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Groundwater Discharge ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
European Directives ◽  
Pollution Prevention And Control ◽  
And Control ◽  
Environmental Permitting

This chapter deals with the latest in a long series of attempts to streamline or integrate various industrial pollution control systems—a regime that began by bringing together integrated pollution prevention and control and waste management licensing but which now extends to water and groundwater discharge permits and controls on radioactive substances. The environmental permitting regime provides a broad, largely procedural, framework within which the substantive provisions of various European Directives are implemented across a range of industrial installations and waste management facilities. As such, it introduces few general changes of substance, merely reflecting, as many integrative measures have done, structural and administrative changes, and a reordering of what was already there.

GMS Numerical Simulation of Crude Oil Pollution Caused by Some Oil Pipeline Leak

2012 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 1076-1081
Author(s):  
Jian Hua Ye ◽  
Yu Feng Ren ◽  
Shu Kun Luo
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Groundwater Pollution ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Groundwater Modeling ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Crude Oil Pollution ◽  
And Control

We have used Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) to numerical simulate the groundwater pollution migration caused by crude oil leak in the research regions. The result of the numerical simulation shows those 40 years after the crude oil leak, the contaminative area of pollutant reaches 46595 m3, and then the pollutant doesn’t arrive the pumping well. The density of the pollutants is less than 0.01mg/L. Therefore, we suggest that pipeline projects should make a specific effective plan for groundwater environmental monitoring for the sake of providing reference to institute relative countermeasure for prevention and control groundwater pollution.

scholarly journals Identification of NO2 and SO2 Pollution Hotspots and Sources in Jiangsu Province of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 3742
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Md. Arfan Ali ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Zhongfeng Qiu ◽  
Alaa Mhawish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Control Policies ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
And Control

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) are important atmospheric trace gases for determining air quality, human health, climate change, and ecological conditions both regionally and globally. In this study, the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), total column nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) were used from 2005 to 2020 to identify pollution hotspots and potential source areas responsible for air pollution in Jiangsu Province. The study investigated the spatiotemporal distribution and variability of NO2 and SO2, the SO2/NO2 ratio, and their trends, and potential source contribution function (PSCF) analysis was performed to identify potential source areas. The spatial distributions showed higher values (>0.60 DU) of annual mean NO2 and SO2 for most cities of Jiangsu Province except for Yancheng City (<0.50 DU). The seasonal analyses showed the highest NO2 and SO2 in winter, followed by spring, autumn, and summer. Coal-fire-based room heating and stable meteorological conditions during the cold season may cause higher NO2 and SO2 in winter. Notably, the occurrence frequency of NO2 and SO2 of >1.2 was highest in winter, which varied between 9.14~32.46% for NO2 and 7.84~21.67% for SO2, indicating a high level of pollution across Jiangsu Province. The high SO2/NO2 ratio (>0.60) indicated that industry is the dominant source, with significant annual and seasonal variations. Trends in NO2 and SO2 were calculated for 2005–2020, 2006–2010 (when China introduced strict air pollution control policies during the 11th Five Year Plan (FYP)), 2011–2015 (during the 12th FYP), and 2013–2017 (the Action Plan of Air Pollution Prevention and Control (APPC-AC)). Annually, decreasing trends in NO2 were more prominent during the 12th FYP period (2011–2015: −0.024~−0.052 DU/year) than in the APPC-AC period (2013–2017: −0.007~−0.043 DU/year) and 2005–2020 (−0.002 to −0.012 DU/year). However, no prevention and control policies for NO2 were included during the 11th FYP period (2006–2010), resulting in an increasing trend in NO2 (0.015 to 0.031) observed throughout the study area. Furthermore, the implementation of China’s strict air pollution control policies caused a larger decrease in SO2 (per year) during the 12th FYP period (−0.002~−0.075 DU/year) than in the 11th FYP period (−0.014~−0.071 DU/year), the APPC-AC period (−0.007~−0.043 DU/year), and 2005–2020 (−0.015~−0.032 DU/year). PSCF analysis indicated that the air quality of Jiangsu Province is mainly influenced by local pollution sources.

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