scholarly journals Heavy Metals Analysis in Human Body (Toenail, Fingernail and Hair Samples) and Drinking Waters of Santa Fe Region, Argentina

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Bungudu ◽  
L. Shuaibu ◽  
U. F. Mohammed ◽  
M. Alkali
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Statistical Tool ◽  
Drinking Waters ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Arsenic Copper

This study provides an insight into a province of Santa Fe region of a developing country, namely San Cristobal and Huanqueros, Argentina and a possible link between arsenic, copper and iron concentration in toenail, fingernail and hair in the population. A multivariate statistical tool, known as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to explain the behaviour of the elements in toenails, fingernails, drinking waters and hair using multi- base 2013 excel add- ins. Correlation test, error bars, and a 2-factor ANOVA test were employed. Results from one hundred and twenty- nine (n=129) samples of tap well water (n=23), rainwater (n=20), bottled water (n=6) and treated well water (n=80) and each of toenail, fingernail and hair (n=129) samples from the subjects were determined and the results compared with the previous works. Mean, standard deviation, covariance and maximum and minimum for each variable were reported. The hypothesis is to understand if there is a correlation between fingernail and toenail metals levels and make a comparison with previous researches. Results show that a positive correlation exists between fingernail and toenail metals concentrations. Also, the study reveals higher concentrations of arsenic, copper and iron in the samples tissues compared with the values available in the previous works. The elevated levels of these metals may be attributed to the drinking water sources. Since this study highlighted elevated levels of these metals, consumptions of contaminated drinking water should be constantly monitored. Finally, the application of multivariate statistical techniques can provide powerful information on heavy metals bioaccumulation analysis in human and environment.

Risk estimation and multivariate statistical analysis of the heavy metal content of drinking water samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 714-725
Author(s):  
Rajan Jakhu ◽  
Rohit Mehra
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Analysis ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Drinking Water Samples

Drinking water samples of Jaipur and Ajmer districts of Rajasthan, India, were collected and analyzed for the measurement of concentration of heavy metals. The purpose of this study was to determine the sources of the heavy metals in the drinking water. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used for the determination of the heavy metal concentrations, and for the statistical analysis of the data, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were performed. It was observed from the results that with respect to WHO guidelines, the water samples of some locations exceeded the contamination levels for lead (Pb), selenium (Se), and mercury (Hg), and with reference to the EPA guidelines, the samples were determined unsuitable for drinking because of high concentrations of Pb and Hg. Using multivariate statistical analysis, we determined that copper, manganese, arsenic, Se, and Hg were of anthropogenic origin, while Pb, copper, and cadmium were of geogenic origin. The present study reports the dominance of the anthropogenic contributions over geogenics in the studied area. The sources of the anthropogenic contaminants need to be investigated in a future study.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF SELECTED HEAVY METALS IN DRINKING WATER CONSUMED WITHIN KATSINA METROPOLIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-537
Author(s):  
ABDULRASHID YUSUF ◽  
Abdurrahman Nuraddeen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Health Organization

The study involved the analysis of some selected heavy metals in drinking water consumed within Katsina Metropolis. The water samples were collected from Ajiwa dam raw water, taps, wells, boreholes, and sachet waters and the concentration of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Co, and Ni), was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results obtained from the water analysis indicate that cadmium was not found in all the water samples. The concentrations range for lead were  (6.222-109.63)µg/L with maximum concentration value of 109.63 µg/L in Ajiwa dam raw water, above the World Health Organization (WHO) limit, nickel (0.72-6.99)µg/L with maximum concentration value of 6.99 µg/L in borehole water, within WHO limit, chromium (36-72)µg/L with maximum concentration value of 72 µg/L in well water, above WHO limit, cobalt  (4.758-9.516) µg/L with maximum concentration value of 9.516 µg/L in well water, within WHO limit. The results indicate that most of the concentrations of the heavy metals determined were within the WHO limit, except for chromium in well water which may arises from the Government activities of money recycling and incineration of old bank notes which does not affect other water sources in the area and lead in Ajiwa dam raw water which was further removed through water treatment processes. Moreover, the Analysis of Variance  (ANOVA)  indicate no significant difference in the means of the heavy metals concentrations in all the water samples analyzed, and this may be due to the same physicochemical factors and limited industrial activities in the study area

scholarly journals Environmental Health: Evaluation of heavy metals pollution in Isfahan industrial zone from soils, well / eluent waters and waste water by microwave- electro-thermal atomic absorption spectrometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (01) ◽  
pp. 55-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahnaz Timoori
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
World Health ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Industrial Zone ◽  
Drinking Waters ◽  
Digestion Technique

In this study, soils, well waters, drinking waters, and waste water in the Isfahan industrial area were sampled in spring and summer 2018. In 8 points of industrial zone, important toxic heavy metals such as, lead (Pb), Cobalt (Co), Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr), and Cadmium (Cd) were sampled from surface soil (up to 2 m), well/drinking waters and waste water. After sample preparation with micro-wave digestion technique, the concentration of heavy metals was determined by electro-thermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET-AAS). According to the well water analysis, the mean concentration of Cr, Ni, Co, Cd, and Pb in well water were 95 μg L-1, 146 μg L-1, 185 μg L-1, 12 μg L-1, and 11 μg L-1, respectively. In well water, the concentrations of Cd, Ni, Cr and Co were found much higher than Pb in comparison with the references of World Health Organization (WHO).

scholarly journals Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Accumulation in Broiler Chickens and Heavy Metal Removal in Drinking Water using Moringa Oleifera Seeds in Lomé, Togo

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (31) ◽  
Author(s):  
Idrissa Soumaoro ◽  
Wéré Pitala ◽  
Kissao Gnandi ◽  
Tona Kokou
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Well Water

Background. Heavy metals are persistent in the environment and can cause bioaccumulation in the food chain. Drinking water contamination by heavy metals can pose a risk to poultry and to human health. The need for affordable, reliable and effective methods of water treatment has led to the use of plants materials, including coagulants such as Moringa oleifera seeds, to ensure poultry products are safe for consumers. Objectives. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of drinking water treatment by Moringa oleifera seed on the concentration and distribution of metals such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) in different parts of broilers chickens and theirs effects on consumer health. Methods. A total number of 264 one-day old chickens (Cobb-500) were assigned to three treatments, with 22 birds in each treatment and replicated four times: untreated well water (UW), well water treated with Moringa oleifera seeds and filtered (MOF) and well water treated with Moringa oleifera seeds but unfiltered (MOU). Thirty birds were randomly chosen from different treatments and slaughtered at day 45 of the experiment and samples of livers, kidneys, gizzards and breasts were obtained and analyzed for toxic metals concentrations using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results. The results indicated that the bioaccumulation of heavy metals was lower in MOF than those in UW and MOU. The target hazard quotient (THQ) for individual metals was below acceptable limits except for As and Pb in UW and MOU. The carcinogenic risk (TR) was estimated for each metal due to consumption of different types of chicken. Conclusions. Moringa oleifera seeds are an environmentally friendly natural coagulant and able to treat water containing undesirable heavy metal concentrations and ensure that poultry meat is safe for consumers. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests. Ethics Approval. This study was approved by the ethics Committee of the University of Lomé-Togo.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Drinking Water Mineral Composition

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Valentin GORAN ◽  
Victor CRIVINEANU ◽  
Liliana TUDOREANU ◽  
Andreea Stefania VOINEA
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Mineral Concentrations ◽  
Micro Elements

Abstract. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the mineral and heavy metals concentrations in tap water, filtered water and bottled water. Minerals and heavy metals such as Ag, Be, Cd, Co, Li, Ni, Pb and Se, have not been identified (concentrations below 0.001 ppm), suggesting the absence of heavy metal contamination of drinking water in the area of the study. The samples had low concentrations for aluminum and strontium. The highest concentrations of macro-and micro-elements and toxic metals were found only in the well water samples collected from the Ramnicul Sarat and Focsani area, possibly because of higher soil pollution. For all drinking water samples, the highest mineral concentrations were found in essential macro-minerals  such as  sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. For calcium, the highest concentration was found in the well water samples from Focsani area.

scholarly journals ANALISA KADAR Fe (III) AIR DI KECAMATAN TANGGULANGIN SIDOARJO

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Ary Andini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Standard Curve

Decent water consumption has a characteristic of colorless, odorless, tasteless and no solids dissolved. One of the heavy metals that harmful to health body if excessive contained in water is Iron (III) (Fe(III). The method used in 2 main stages for analyzing of Fe (III) content those were determination standard curve and Fe (III) content in water with UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 480 nm wavelength. The result of this research showed that Fe (III) content in water in 10 samples of well water in Tanggulangin sub-district of Sidoarjo regency is quite feasible for daily use because the result of Fe (III) all sample were < 0,3 mg / L, its based on maximum concentration iron in drinking water as the Minister of Health Decree No.907 / MENKES / SK / VII / 2002.

scholarly journals An Analysis Unveiling the Habitation Coverage of Different States and Union Territories under the National Rural Drinking Water Program in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 182-188
Author(s):  
N. Divya Lalitha ◽  
Sunayana Manipal ◽  
Prabu. D
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Drinking Waters ◽  
Union Territory

Background: National Rural Drinking Water Program (NRDWP) attempts to provide each and every individual a sufficient amount of safe water for drinking, cooking and other essential household needs on a maintainable premise, with a base water quality standard, which ought to be helpfully open consistently and in all circumstances. Aim: The aim of this study was to analyze and unveil the habitations covered by the National Rural Drinking Water Program in different states and union territories of India. Materials and method: Secondary data regarding the total households in each states/ union territory and the households covered by the National Rural Drinking Water Program, Households Having Safe Drinking Water supply in India as per Census 2011 and availability of safe drinking water in households and the source of drinking waters was extracted from the 2018 National Health Profile’s annual publication by the Central Bureau of Health Intelligence (CBHI). Results: In India,43% of the households use tap water and 11% use well water.46.6% of the households have water within the premises, 35.8% of the households have water near the premises and 17.6% have it far away. 81.08% are fully covered habitations under the program and only 3.34% of the habitations in India are quality affected habitations. Conclusion: Although the targets have not been achieved, this program has attempted to provide safe drinking water to many people in different states and union territories in India. Keywords: Rural areas, Habitations, Drinking water, India..

scholarly journals ANALISA KADAR Fe (III) AIR DI KECAMATAN TANGGULANGIN SIDOARJO

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Ary Andini
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Maximum Concentration ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Standard Curve

Decent water consumption has a characteristic of colorless, odorless, tasteless and no solids dissolved. One of the heavy metals that harmful to health body if excessive contained in water is Iron (III) (Fe(III). The method used in 2 main stages for analyzing of Fe (III) content those were determination standard curve and Fe (III) content in water with UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 480 nm wavelength. The result of this research showed that Fe (III) content in water in 10 samples of well water in Tanggulangin sub-district of Sidoarjo regency is quite feasible for daily use because the  result of Fe (III) all sample were < 0,3 mg / L, its based on maximum concentration iron in drinking water as the Minister of Health Decree No.907 / MENKES / SK / VII / 2002.

scholarly journals Assessment of Some Physicochemical Parameters and Heavy Metals in Hand-Dug Well Water Samples of Kafta Humera Woreda, Tigray, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Kiros Gebremichail Gebresilasie ◽  
Goitom Gebreyohannes Berhe ◽  
Amanual Hadera Tesfay ◽  
Samuel Estifanos Gebre
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Dug Well

Groundwater is one of the most important sources of drinking water in Kafta Humera Woreda; hence, it is important to assess the quality of these water sources. The aim of this study was to assess the levels of some physicochemical parameters and heavy metals in hand-dug well water sources of Kafta Humera Woreda. The results showed that the physicochemical concentrations of the hand-dug well water samples were given as follows: temperature, 27.67 ± 0.15 to 28.30 ± 0.25°C; pH, 6.90 ± 0.33 to 8.20 ± 0.36; dissolved oxygen, 5.60 ± 0.06 to 6.2 ± 0.04 mg/L; turbidity, 1.67 ± 0.02 to 1.89 ± 0.03 NTU; EC, 148.50 ± 0.89 to 932.00 ± 0.98 μS/cm; TDS, 105.80 ± 0.62 to 664.28 ± 0.70 mg/L; total hardness, 71.80 ± 3.05 to 295.30 ± 2.38 mg/L; total alkalinity, 75 ± 5.0 to 215 ± 5.0 mg/L; calcium, 12.02 ± 0.82 to 75.88 ± 0.93 mg/L; magnesium, 9.80 ± 0.80 to 25.70 ± 0.17 mg/L; potassium, 0.130 ± 0.003 to 0.86 ± 0.04 mg/L; sodium, 2.20 ± 0.16 to 12.75 ± 0.87 mg/L; chloride, 12.86 ± 0.02 to 42.72 ± 0.20 mg/L; sulfate, 17.24 ± 0.96 to 118.67 ± 0.46 mg/L; phosphate, 0.018 ± 0.005 to 0.020 ± 0.002 mg/L; and nitrate, 1.86 ± 0.03 to 5.43 ± 0.06 mg/L. Generally, the concentrations of most physicochemical parameters of the hand-dug well water samples of Kafta Humera Woreda were within the permissible limit of World Health Organization and Ethiopian Standard Agency guideline for drinking water. The statistical Pearson’s correlation analysis on the water quality parameters revealed that all parameters are more or less correlated with each other. Electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids of the water samples were found to be significantly correlated with total hardness (r = 0.989), total alkalinity (r = 0.827), calcium (r = 0.988), magnesium (r = 0.881), sodium (r = 0.995), potassium(r = 0.996), chloride (r = 0.998), sulfate (r = 1), and nitrate ions (r = 0.972). Out of the selected seven heavy metals, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, Cd, and Pb, only iron was detected in all water samples and its concentration was above the permissible limit of WHO and ESA for drinking water. Therefore, the government should adopt some treatment technologies such as sedimentation and aeration to minimize the concentration of iron for safe drinking the water to the community of Kafta Humera Woreda.

ECOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF DRINKING TAP WATER IN KHANTY-MANSIYSK AND SALEKHARD

2020 ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
V.V. Lapenko ◽  
L.N. Bikbulatova ◽  
E.M. Ternikova
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Magnesium Concentration ◽  
Geochemical Environment

Water is very important for humans, as it is a solvent for metabolic products. Moreover, it is necessary for metabolism, biochemical and transport processes. The elemental status in persons depends on the geochemical environment and consumption of bioelements with food and water. The aim of the paper is to conduct a comprehensive assessment of chemical composition of drinking tap water in Khanty-Mansiysk and Salekhard. Materials and Methods. The chemical composition of 100 samples of drinking tap water was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry, spectrophotometry and capillary electrophoresis. All in all, there were 50 samples from Khanty-Mansiysk and 50 samples from Salekhard. The results were compared with Sanitary Rules and Norms 2.1.4.1074-01. Results. Drinking tap water in Salekhard contains a significantly higher concentration of iron, which is much above the maximum allowable concentration, if compared to water samples in Khanty-Mansiysk (p=0.03). In the cities under consideration, the water undergoes high-quality reagent-free treatment. However, the deterioration of the water supply networks in Salekhard is 3 times as high as in Khanty-Mansiysk. Calcium and magnesium concentration in water samples from Khanty-Mansiysk is 5.6 and 3.9 times lower than the MAC; in water samples from Salekhard calcium concentration is 6.3 (p=0.008) and magnesium concentration 4.6 (p<0.001) times lower than the MAC. Conclusion. The consumption of ultra-fresh drinking water leads to low intake of bioelements, which are a part of enzymes contributing to the human antioxidant defense and can result in manifestation of cardiovascular diseases. This is especially true for Salekhard with very soft drinking water and high iron concentration, which excess can exhibit prooxidant properties. Keywords: tap water, bioelements, northern region, antioxidants. Вода является важнейшим соединением для человека: необходима в качестве растворителя продуктов метаболизма и протекания обменных, биохимических и транспортных процессов. Элементный статус организма человека зависит от геохимического окружения и поступления биоэлементов с пищей и водой. Цель. Провести комплексную оценку химического состава водопроводной воды городов Ханты-Мансийск и Салехард. Материалы и методы. Методами атомно-абсорбционной спектрометрии, спектрофотометрии и капиллярного электрофореза проанализирован химический состав 100 проб водопроводной воды: по 50 из Ханты-Мансийска и Салехарда. Результаты сравнивали с СанПиН 2.1.4.1074-01. Результаты. В водопроводной воде Салехарда установлена превышающая ПДК и достоверно более высокая концентрация железа сравнительно с водой Ханты-Мансийска (р=0,03). При условии качественной безреагентной водоподготовки в изучаемых городах это обусловлено изношенностью водопроводных сетей в Салехарде, более чем в 3 раза превышающей этот показатель в Ханты-Мансийске. Концентрация кальция и магния в воде Ханты-Мансийска в 5,6 и 3,9 раза ниже ПДК; в воде Салехарда – в 6,3 (р=0,008) и 4,6 (р<0,001) раза ниже ПДК соответственно. Заключение. Употребление ультрапресной питьевой воды на фоне очень малого поступления с водой биоэлементов, входящих в состав ферментов антиоксидантной защиты организма человека, может привести к манифестации кардиоваскулярных заболеваний. Это особенно актуально для г. Салехарда с очень мягкой питьевой водой с повышенным содержанием железа, избыток которого может проявлять прооксидантные свойства. Ключевые слова: водопроводная вода, биоэлементы, северный регион, антиоксиданты.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document