Comparative Studies on Synthetic and Agricultural Product on Lysine Production by Alcaligenes aquatilis

Production of lysine by Alcaligenes aquatilis from agricultural sub-products (banana and soybean) was compared to glucose and ammonium sulphate as a carbon and nitrogen source. Ammonium sulphate was constant as a nitrogen source when the two carbon sources were investigated and glucose constant as a carbon source when the nitrogen sources were investigated. The production of lysine was examined quantitatively by acidic ninhydrin method. The results showed that banana and soybean improved the maximum lysine yield (1.158 mg/ml and 1.279 mg/ml) for the fermentation period of 96 hrs.

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Production of Feruloyl Esterase from Aspergillus niger by Solid-State Fermentation on Different Carbon Sources

Enzyme Research ◽

10.4061/2011/848939 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Shiyi Ou ◽

Jing Zhang ◽

Yong Wang ◽

Ning Zhang

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Nitrogen Source ◽

Wheat Bran ◽

Cell Walls ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Feruloyl Esterase ◽

Plant Cell Walls ◽

Optimal Conditions ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Maize Bran

A mixture of wheat bran with maize bran as a carbon source and addition of (NH4)SO4 as nitrogen source was found to significantly increase production of feruloyl esterase (FAE) enzyme compared with wheat bran as a sole carbon and nitrogen source. The optimal conditions in conical flasks were carbon source (30 g) to water 1 : 1, maize bran to wheat bran 1 : 2, (NH4)SO4 1.2 g and MgSO4 70 mg. Under these conditions, FAE activity was 7.68 mU/g. The FAE activity on the mixed carbon sources showed, high activity against the plant cell walls contained in the cultures.

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Nutritional and environmental factors affecting growth and sporulation of Sporidesmium sclerotivorum

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m81-106 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 27 (7) ◽

pp. 685-691 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

E. A. Barnett ◽

W. A. Ayers

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Source ◽

Agar Medium ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Mineral Salts ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Naoh Solution ◽

Casamino Acids ◽

Nutritional Studies

Three of five isolates of Sporidesmium sclerotivorum, a mycoparasite of Sclerotinia spp., grew well on an agar medium containing mineral salts, glucose, thiamine, and glutamine or Casamino acids as the nitrogen source. The nitrogen requirement for two of the isolates was satisfied by NH4Cl, Casamino acids, or glutamine. Glutamine was the best single nitrogen source. Only one isolate, CS-1, was used in further nutritional studies. The optimum concentration of glutamine for growth was 5 g/L. Glucose, mannose, mannitol, and cellobiose were excellent carbon sources. A glucose concentration of 20 g/L was optimum. Mannitol supported greater growth than glucose with Casamino acids as the nitrogen source but glucose was the superior carbon source with glutamine as the nitrogen source. Greatest growth was achieved with a combination of these carbon and nitrogen sources. Sporidesmium sclerotivorum, isolate CS-1, required thiamine for growth and sporulation. Biotin stimulated growth. The fungus developed maximally within the range of pH 5.0–5.5 and growth was greatly reduced at a pH below 4.0 or above 6.0. Control of acidity by the periodic addition of NaOH solution permitted substantially increased growth. The optimum temperature for growth was 22.5–25.0 °C but production of macroconidia was greatest at 15–20 °C.

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Effects of nitrogen and carbon sources on the production of inulinase from strain Bacillus sp. SG113

Acta Scientifica Naturalis ◽

10.1515/asn-2016-0010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 69-74

Author(s):

Simeon Gavrailov ◽

Viara Ivanova

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Source ◽

Organic Nitrogen ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Casein Hydrolysate ◽

Jerusalem Artichoke ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Cellular Growth ◽

Bacillus Sp ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen

Abstract The effects of the carbon and nitrogen substrates on the growth of Bacillus sp. SG113 strain were studied. The use of organic nitrogen sources (peptone, beef extract, yeast extract, casein) leads to rapid cellular growth and the best results for the Bacillus strain were obtained with casein hydrolysate. From the inorganic nitrogen sources studied, the (NH4) 2SO4 proved to be the best nitrogen source. Casein hydrolysate and (NH4) 2SO4 stimulated the invertase synthesis. In the presence of Jerusalem artichoke, onion and garlic extracts as carbon sources the strain synthesized from 6 to 10 times more inulinase.

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Effects of Nitrogen and Carbon Sources on Transcription of Soluble Methyltransferases in Methanosarcina mazei Strain Gö1

Journal of Bacteriology ◽

10.1128/jb.187.17.6147-6154.2005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 187 (17) ◽

pp. 6147-6154 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Katharina Veit ◽

Claudia Ehlers ◽

Ruth A. Schmitz

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Source ◽

Degradation Products ◽

Molecular Nitrogen ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Initial Step ◽

Conclusive Evidence ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Methanosarcina Mazei ◽

Or Genes

ABSTRACT The methanogenic archaeon Methanosarcina mazei strain Gö1 uses versatile carbon sources and is able to fix molecular nitrogen with methanol as carbon and energy sources. Here, we demonstrate that when growing on trimethylamine (TMA), nitrogen fixation does not occur, indicating that ammonium released during TMA degradation is sufficient to serve as a nitrogen source and represses nif gene induction. We further report on the transcriptional regulation of soluble methyltransferases, which catalyze the initial step of methylamine consumption by methanogenesis, in response to different carbon and nitrogen sources. Unexpectedly, we obtained conclusive evidence that transcription of the mtmB2C2 operon, encoding a monomethylamine (MMA) methyltransferase and its corresponding corrinoid protein, is highly increased under nitrogen limitation when methanol serves as a carbon source. In contrast, transcription of the homologous mtmB1C1 operon is not affected by the nitrogen source but appears to be increased when TMA is the sole carbon and energy source. In general, transcription of operons encoding dimethylamine (DMA) and TMA methyltransferases and methylcobalamine:coenzyme M methyltransferases is not regulated in response to the nitrogen source. However, in all cases transcription of one of the homologous operons or genes is increased by TMA or its degradation products DMA and MMA.

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Enhanced Production of Ethanol from Red Potatoes Grown in Hilly Regions of Nepal Using Various Nitrogen Sources

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v2i1.9191 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 41-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jarina Joshi

Keyword(s):

Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽

Carbon Source ◽

Ammonium Sulphate ◽

Sodium Nitrate ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Ammonium Phosphate ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Available Nitrogen ◽

Enhanced Production

Ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate, sodium nitrate, urea and glycine were the five different commonly available nitrogen sources used at different concentration ranging from 0.5 to 4% w/v to produce ethanol in batch culture. Potato paste made from red potatoes grown in hilly regions of Nepal was used as carbon source. Prior to fermentation all carbon sources were saccharified enzymatically using α- amylase at pH 5 and temperature 55oC. Maximum yield of ethanol 5.2% was obtained at a temperature of 30oC and pH 5.0 without exogeneous supply of nitrogen. There is slight decrease in concentration when temperature is decreased to 25oC but a drastic decrease in concentration when temperature is increased beyond optimum. All the exogeneously supplied nitrogen sources found to enhance ethanol production and cell viability when yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from brewer’s yeast was used. Ammonium sulphate was found as best nitrogen supplement among them. Maximum ethanol percentage of 8.3 was observed at pH 5.0 and temperature 30oC with Ammonium sulphate concentration of 2%.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i1.9191Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(1): 41-44

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Nutritional requirements for growth of Cryptoporus volvatus

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b89-326 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 67 (8) ◽

pp. 2532-2534

Author(s):

Thomas M. Pettey

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Glutamic Acid ◽

Nitrogen Source ◽

Agar Medium ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Nutritional Requirements ◽

Good Growth ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Partial Deficiency

Carbon and nitrogen sources were examined in a defined agar medium to determine the nutritional requirements of Cryptoporus volvatus, a Hymenomycete. Good growth was obtained with D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose, D-xylose, or dextrin as the carbon source. Good growth was obtained with ammonium sulfate, casein, peptone, glutamic acid, glycine, lysine, serine, or tyrosine as the nitrogen source. In a defined agar medium, C. volvatus exhibited a deficiency for thiamine, and a partial deficiency for biotin, inositol, and pyridoxine.

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Cellular Composition Changes and Nitrogen Uptake under Extra-Limited Nitrogen Conditions byThermosynechococcussp. CL-1 Carbon Biofixation

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2016/5247265 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Tseng Chi-Ming ◽

Ko Tzu-Hsing ◽

Hsueh Hsin-Ta ◽

Chen Hsing-Hui ◽

Ray Dah-Tong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Nitrogen Source ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Affinity Constant ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Concentrations ◽

Cellular Components ◽

Composition Changes ◽

Nitrogen Conditions ◽

High Range

Two types of culture systems were used (continuous and batch) which were fed using a simulated absorbent from a scrubber with carbonate/bicarbonate as the carbon source and nitrate as the nitrogen source by a thermophile strain,Thermosynechococcussp. CL-1 (TCL-1) at 50°C. The lipid, carbohydrate, and protein cellular components which can be used as bioenergy precursors along with their content as a function of various C/N ratios are quantified. Maximum lipid productivity of about 150 mg L−1 d−1is obtained while the CO2uptake rate is 917 mg L−1 d−1at a dilution rate of 0.06 h−1when both carbon and nitrogen sources are not limited. With high range of nitrogen concentrations batch culture test, TCL-1 reveals extra-high affinity on nitrogen source under limited carbon source conditions since the affinity constant is 0.12 mM. In addition, the flow of carbon fixed during photosynthesis seems to switch from the protein synthesis pathway to forming carbohydrate rather than lipid under N-limitation and a high C/N ratio for TCL-1, resulting in a maximal carbohydrate content of 61%. Consequently, TCL-1 is an appropriate candidate to treat the wastewater of environment and produce the bioenergy precursors under extreme limited nitrogen conditions.

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A COMPARISON OF ISOLATES OF CLAVICEPS SPP. FOR THE ABILITY TO GROW AND TO PRODUCE ERGOT ALKALOIDS ON CERTAIN NUTRIENTS

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/m60-040 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 355-365 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

W. A. Taber ◽

L. C. Vining

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Ergot Alkaloids ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Claviceps Purpurea ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Different Strains ◽

Do So

Isolates of Claviceps purpurea and Claviceps spp. obtained from various geographical areas were compared for their ability to grow and to produce ergot alkaloids in vitro on various carbon and nitrogen sources. While some differences in utilization of carbon sources for growth were found, there was no observed correlation between utilization of carbohydrates and the capacity to produce ergot alkaloids. The amount of alkaloid produced by different strains depended upon both the carbon and nitrogen sources. In general, those cultures capable of alkaloid production were able to do so on more than one carbon source, but the carbon source allowing greatest production differed from one strain to another. Both producing and non-producing strains could utilize succinic acid as a carbon source for growth, but neither could utilize L-tryptophane as a carbon or nitrogen source for growth.

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EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CULTURE CONDITION ON ANTIOXIDANT SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM TURMERIC ROOT

Majalah Obat Tradisional ◽

10.22146/tradmedj.24308 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 31 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eris Septiana ◽

Partomuan Simanjuntak

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Nitrogen Source ◽

Yeast Extract ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Basal Medium ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Growth Conditions ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Antioxidant Compound ◽

Initial Ph

Antioxidant is an interesting topic due to their capability to inhibit free radical and prevent damage because of oxidative processes. Endophyt fungi is one of antioxidant compound resources in nature. The low yield to gain antioxidant compound from fungi challenges to look for the composition of media and optimalization of growth conditions. This research aimed to know the effect of medium condition in different carbon and nitrogen sources as well as initial pH towards antioxidant activity of endophyt fungi Bo.Ci.Cl.A3. Shaker fermentation was used on 120 rpm at room temperature for 14 days. The carbon sources were glucose, sucrose, and starch and nitrogen sources were NaNO3, NH4NO3, and yeast extract with initial pH at 5, 7, and 9. Ethyl acetate was used as extractor. The results showed that endophyt fungi can produce secondary metabolite as antioxidant at all variation of fermented media. The nitrogen source of yeast extract could increase antioxidant activity of endophyt fungi Bo.Ci.Cl.A3, while other sources such as nitrogen source, carbon sources, and different initial pH on the basal medium that were used did not give increasing antioxidant activity. The conclusion of this research was the substitution of nitrogen source with yeast extract (3 g/L) on the basal medium Czapek Dox’s Broth could increase antioxidant activity of endophyt fungi Bo.Ci.Cl.A3.

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Metabolome profiles of the alphaproteobacterial methanotroph Methylocystis sp. Rockwell in response to carbon and nitrogen source

FEMS Microbiology Letters ◽

10.1093/femsle/fnaa219 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marina Lazic ◽

Scott Sugden ◽

Dominic Sauvageau ◽

Lisa Y Stein

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Nitrogen Source ◽

Metabolic Regulation ◽

Large Scale ◽

Metabolic Response ◽

Low Cost ◽

Critical Role ◽

Value Added ◽

Nitrogen Sources ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen

Abstract Methanotrophs use methane as a sole carbon source and thus play a critical role in its global consumption. Intensified interest in methanotrophs for their low-cost production of value-added products and large-scale industrialization has led to investigations of strain-to-strain variation in parameters for growth optimization and metabolic regulation. In this study, Methylocystis sp. Rockwell was grown with methane or methanol as a carbon source and ammonium or nitrate as a nitrogen source. The intracellular metabolomes and production of polyhydroxybutyrate, a bioplastic precursor, were compared among treatments to determine how the different combinations of carbon and nitrogen sources affected metabolite production. The methane-ammonium condition resulted in the highest growth, followed by the methane-nitrate, methanol-nitrate, and methanol-ammonium conditions. Overall, the methane-ammonium and methane-nitrate conditions directed metabolism toward energy-conserving pathways, while methanol-ammonium and methanol-nitrate directed the metabolic response toward starvation pathways. Polyhydroxybutyrate was produced at greater abundances in methanol-grown cells, independent of the nitrogen source. Together, the results revealed how Methylocystis sp. Rockwell altered its metabolism with different combinations of carbon and nitrogen source, with implications for production of industrially relevant metabolites.

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