scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Diversity Analysis in Pod and Seed Characters of Some Neglected and Underutilized Legumes (NULs)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
J. O. Agbolade ◽  
T. P. Olakunle ◽  
K. M. Popoola ◽  
J. A. Idowu ◽  
A. I. Isiaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight

In response to the paucity of information challenge on the neglected and underutilized legumes, this paper explored pods and seeds morphological data of the twenty-four accessions of these crops with a view to establishing the occurrence of genetic variability and diversity analysis among the studied taxa. Twenty-four accessions of neglected and underutilized legumes (NULs) obtained from International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria were assessed for genetic variability and diversity analysis through Pod and seed morphological characters. Each accession was planted into plot of 5 ridges of 5 meter long, spaced 1 meter apart and replicated three times at the teaching and research farm of the Federal University Oye Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics was employed to evaluate differences in the mean values of the accessions while discriminatory traits among accessions were identified by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Similarities among the studied plants were assessed by cluster analysis. The first two principal component axes explained 72% of the total variation. Pod length, pod width and 100-seed weight were traits that contributed most of the variations in the legume accessions. There was a display of intra-species similarities and inter-specific genetic diversity among the studied accessions.

STUDY OF EFFECT OF EMS, MMS AND GR ON YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS IN URDBEAN, VIGNA MUNGO

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. B. SAGADE
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Individual Plant ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Methane Sulphonate ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The study of the effect of three well known mutagens, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), methyl methane sulphonate (MMS) and gamma rays (GR) on the yield contributing traits of the urdbean variety TPU-4 were carried out in the M3 generation. Effect of selected mutagenic treatments/doses of EMS (0.02, 0.03 and 0.04 M), MMS (0.0025, 0.05 and 0.01 M) and (GR) (30, 40 and 50 KR) on different yield contributing traits like plant height, plant spread, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant and 100 seed weight were analyzed in the M3 populations of the variety TPU-4. Seeds of M2 plants and control were harvested separately and sown to raise M3 population.. Genetic variabilty in the mutagen administered M3 progeny of the urdbean variety TPU-4 was analyzed by employing statistical methods. Data on mean values and shift in the mean of seven quantitative traits was evaluated on individual plant basis. The experimental findings revealed that concentrations / dose of the all these mutagens showed inhibitory effect on plant height, number of pods per plant, pod length and number of seeds per pod. Lower concentrations of mutagens exerted a promotory effect on plant spread, 100 seed weight and seed yield per plant while higher concentrations of these mutagens inhibited them to different extent.

scholarly journals Morphological characterization and genetic diversity in lentil (Lens culinaris medikus ssp. Culinaris) germplasm

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
KU Ahamed ◽  
B Akhter ◽  
MR Islam ◽  
MR Humaun ◽  
MJ Alam
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Flower Initiation ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Genetic divergence of 110 lentil germplasm with checks was assessed based on morphological traits using multivariate analysis. Mahalanobis generalized distance (D2) analysis was used to group the lentil genotypes. Significant variations among lentil genotypes were observed in respect of days to 1st flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, and number of pods per peduncle, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, 100 seed weight and yield per plant. Considering the mean values, the germplasm were grouped into ten clusters. The highest number of genotypes (17) was in cluster X and lowest (5) both in cluster II and IV. Cluster IV had the highest cluster mean for number of pods per plant (297.08), number of seeds per plant (594.16), 100 seed weight (1.44 g) and yield per plant (8.53 g). Among them, the highest inter-cluster distance was obtained between the cluster IV and I (24.61) followed by IV and III (22.33), while the lowest was between IX and II (1.63). The maximum value of inter-cluster distance indicated that genotypes belonging to cluster IV were far diverged from those of cluster I. The first female flower initiation was earlier in BD-3812 (49 days) in cluster I and cluster IV had highest grain yield per plant (8.53). BD-3807 produced significant maximum number of pods per plant (298.40) in cluster IV. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v4i1.21095 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 4 (1): 70-76, June, 2014

scholarly journals Genetic diversity and phylogenetic behavior of some minor legumes

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
James Oludare Agbolade ◽  
Ronke Justina Komolafe
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Calyx Lobe ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Phylogenetic Relatedness ◽  
Petal Length ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Range Test

Twenty-four accessions of twelve species minor legumes collected from the germplasm unit of the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture Ibadan, Nigeria were evaluated for their genetic diversities and phylogenetic relatedness. The accessions were planted into plots of 5 ridges of 5 meters long, spaced 1 meter apart and replicated three times at the Federal University Oye-Ekiti Teaching and Research Farm. The diversity and the relative phylogeny of the accessions were assessed through their floral morphological differences and the mean values between two accessions were evaluated by descriptive statistics. Principal component analysis was employed to identify the most discriminatory floral morphological traits and the similarities among the 24 accessions were assessed by cluster analysis (CA). Descriptive statistics through Duncan multiple range test adopted revealed genetic diversity and phylogenetic relatedness among the accessions. The first two principal component axes explained 64.66% of the total floral morphological variation. Standard petal length, calyx lobe length and stipule length contributed most of the variations in the legume accession. CA grouped the 24 accessions into six clusters. The study revealed intra-specific similarities and inter-specific floral morphological differences among the studied accessions.

scholarly journals Morphological and genetic diversity of Senecio vulgaris L. (Asteraceae) in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Ebadi ◽  
Rosa Eftekharian
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Principal Coordinates Analysis ◽  
Cauline Leaf ◽  
Senecio Vulgaris ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Principal Coordinates

Senecio vulgaris L., an annual herb belonging to the Asteraceae, is widely distributed in different regions of the world. There is no information on the intraspecific variations of the morphological and molecular features of this species. In the present investigation, we studied the morphological and genetic diversity of 81 accessions of S. vulgaris collected from 10 geographical populations. Eleven inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers were used for the examination of genetic variations among the populations. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and GST analyses revealed significant differences among the investigated populations. A significant correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance was revealed by the Mantel test. However, reticulation analysis indicated the occurrence of gene flow among most of the populations studied. Principal component analysis (PCA) plot showed that the number of capitula, length of the cauline leaf and plant height were the most variable morphological characters. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) plot revealed two groups of populations, according to molecular and morphological data. The results suggested the existence of possible intraspecific taxonomic ranks within this species.

scholarly journals A Systematic Analysis of the Alpine Saxifrage Complex (Saxifragaceae) in the Canadian Arctic Islands Using Morphology and Chloroplast DNA Data

2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (3) ◽  
pp. 326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Healy ◽  
Lynn J. Gillespie
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Site Analysis

The Saxifraga nivalis complex displays significant ecological, morphological and cytological variation. Most European studies suggest that the S. nivalis complex comprises two distinct species: Saxifraga nivalis sensu stricto and Saxifraga tenuis. However, the presence of intermediate morphotypes, inconsistencies in chromosomal counts and variability in morphological keys and descriptions have led to different taxonomic interpretations of the complex in North America. This study investigated the systematics of Canadian Arctic Island members of this complex from 157 specimens using 23 morphological characters. Principal component analysis of the morphological data revealed two adjacent clusters, corresponding to the two taxa and consistent with a close morphological similarity and the presence of hybrids. A preliminary restriction site analysis of five non-coding regions of the chloroplast genome, trnH-trnK, trnT-trnF, trnF-trnV, trnV-rbcL and rbcL-ORF106, was conducted using 21 restriction endonucleases. This analysis indicated a length difference between the trnT-trnF region of S. nivalis and that of S. tenuis, but no difference in restriction sites for any of the assayed regions. These results confirm that in the Canadian Arctic, the S. nivalis complex consists of two closely related, largely sympatric species, with notable morphological variability, and possible hybrids.

scholarly journals GENETIC DIVERGENCE ANALYSIS IN HRDC RICE (Oryza sativa L.) HYBRIDS IN BANGLADESH

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
A. Ahmed ◽  
S. G. Shaon ◽  
M. S. Islam ◽  
P. S. Saha ◽  
M. M. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Panicle Number ◽  
Cluster Distance ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Yield Maximization

Genetic divergence of 48 IRRI developed F1 rice hybrids were studied through Mahalanobis D2 and principal component analysis for ten characters in Gazipur and Pabna district during dry season 2012-13. Among 48 genotypes, cluster analysis resulted in five clusters following Ward’s method. During dry season for both regions, cluster I incorporated the highest number of genotypes. Significant differences among the genotypes but non-significant differences among replications were noticed for most of the parameters under study. The inter-cluster distance was larger than intra-cluster distance suggesting wider diversity among the genotypes. In Gazipur, the maximum inter-cluster D2 value was recorded between cluster III and V (6.69) and the minimum between cluster II and IV (0.69). The intra-cluster distance was maximum in cluster IV (3.60) and minimum in cluster I (0.33). In Pabna, maximum inter-cluster distance was exhibited between cluster IV and II (16.43) but minimum between cluster II and III (3.98). Maximum intra-cluster distance (4.40) was recorded in cluster IV whereas minimum in cluster I (0.83). Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, panicle number m-2, spikelet fertility (%) and 1000-grain wt. (g) had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence among the characters studied. Cluster means indicated considerable differences in the mean values of different parameters. The highest cluster means for panicle weight (g), spikelet fertility (%), 1000 grain wt. (g) and grain yield (kg ha-1) were derived from cluster IV. Therefore, more prominence should be given to the lines under cluster IV that having genetic potentiality to contribute better for yield maximization of hybrid rice.

Morphologic variation in the USDA/ARS rhubarb germplasm collection

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Pantoja ◽  
Joseph C. Kuhl
Keyword(s):  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Skin Colour ◽  
Base Thickness ◽  
Flesh Colour ◽  
Combining Data ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Morphologic Variation ◽  
The Mean

Rhubarb includes approximately 60 species in the genusRheum. It has been utilized for thousands of years for medicinal purposes, but only recently identified for its culinary use. In the mid 1700s, edible petioles were discovered on seedlings from rhubarb species. Hundreds of cultivars have since been identified for a wide range of uses from tarts to wine. Unfortunately, propagation by seed and irregular naming has resulted in a plethora of similarly named cultivars and multitude of phenotypes. Fifteen morphological characters were evaluated to differentiate rhubarb cultivars in the USDA, ARSRheumcollection in Palmer, Alaska. Two years of morphological data, focusing on horticultural characteristics indicated variation between the years. To improve cultivar resolution, the results suggest using 1 year's data instead of combining data from different years. The mean °Brix observed was 3.8, with a range from 2.2 to 6.1. Flesh colour and basal skin colour were poorly correlated (R2 = 0.462); overall skin colour was more red at the base than in the middle of the petiole. Rhubarb character categories, in particular petiole number and petiole base thickness, need to be modified to better anticipate the range of expected values, and thereby contribute improved reproducibility and reliability to separate cultivars based on morphological characters.

Genetic variability, principal component and cluster analyses in black gram under Foot-hills conditions of Manipur

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Samuel Jeberson ◽  
K. S. Shashidhar ◽  
Amit Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Eigen Values ◽  
Correlation And Path Analysis ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Selection Of

Analysis of genetic variability, heritability, correlation, path analysis, principal component and cluster analysis was carried for 25 blackgram genotypes grown in the foothills of Manipur. The results showed that phenotypic coefficients of variability recorded were higher than the genotypic coefficients of variability, irrespective of traits, demonstrating the effect of environment thereon. The present study revealed that the heritability (bs) estimates were maximum (>50%) for the traits such as days taken to attain the 50% flowering, number of clusters/plant, number of pods/plant and 100 seed weight. The correlation and path analysis proved the selection of the yield attributes in blackgram based on the characters, viz., number of pods/plant and number of cluster/plants. The first three principal components, having the Eigen values more than 1, contributed 84.52% towards variability among the 25 genotypes screened for quantitative traits. Based on the average linkage, 25 genotypes were grouped into five (5) clusters.

Genetic variability determination in garden pea (Pisum sativum L sub sp. hortense Asch. and Graebn.) by using the multivariate analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.R. Singh ◽  
N. Ahmed ◽  
D. B. Singh ◽  
K. K. Srivastva ◽  
R. K. Singhand Abid Mir
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Single Linkage ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Single Linkage Cluster ◽  
Positive Traits ◽  
Linkage Cluster ◽  
Pod Length

A total of 32 genotypes collected from different geographical areas evaluated at one site to determine the genetic variability. Considerable diversity was found in different traits of horticultural importance. Principal component analysis showed more than 84 % of total multivariate variation for important traits in different genotypes. Pod yield, pod length,10 pods weight and pods per plant were found to be major traits contributing towards principal component-I. Similarly, seeds per pod, secondary branches/plant, pod length were main positive contributing traits towards second component. Ten pod weight, pod width were positively contributing component towards principal component third. Pods per plant and shelling percentage were main traits contributing to principal component-IV, where as plant height, pod length and pod width were major positively contributing traits towards principal component -V. PS-1100, Meethi Phali, PB-87 and FC-1 were most divergent genotypes. On the basis of cluster mean of single linkage cluster analysis, Custer-I was best for number of primary branches and shelling percentage, Cluster -II for plant height,10 pods weight and pod yield per plant, cluster-III for number of pods /plants and cluster IV for pod length. Selection of genotypes from divergent clusters and components having more than one positive traits for hybridization programme may lead to improvement in yield and quality of pea.

DIVA-GIS based insight into geographical distribution and diversity spectrum of Indian sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) accessions suitable for diversified applications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. T. Maruthi ◽  
A. A. Kumar ◽  
S. B. Choudhary ◽  
H. K. Sharma ◽  
Jiban Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
North West ◽  
Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis

Commercial prospects of sunnhemp inspired present study to understand geographical distribution pattern(s) and to scale agro-morphological diversity spectrum of forty-four sunnhemp accessions naturalized across diverse habitats of India. Field experiment revealed broad spectrum diversity for all the 11 agro-morphological traits. Wider range of plant height (110.50 to 173.17 cm), number of pods per plant (35.33 to 143.00), seeds per pod (6.33-15.17g) and seed yield per plant (8.27-29.43g) highlighted the adequacy of present genetic resources to improve sunnhemp for diversified applications. Principal component analysis of the agro-morphological characters identified the first PC with 1109.6 eigen value explaining 61.70% of total variation followed by PC-II (22.9%) and PC-III (11.1%). In PC-I significant contribution was made by traits like NLP, NPP and PH. Agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis grouped all accessions into four distinct seed producing clusters irrespective of their origin. Cluster wise mean values suggested that cluster-II is the best with outstanding trait values for majority of traits. DIVA-GIS based analysis identified accessions from Rajasthan, Western Gujarat and Jharkhand with high diversity index for number of leaves/plant. But, accessions from North West Jharkhand and Maharashtra with highest diversity index for seed yield/plant.

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