Effect of Potassium Humate and Micronic Sulfur on the Chemical Properties of Some Soils of Toshka, Egypt

Low soil organic matter, low nutrient availability and the higher soil pH (more than 8) are the major problem of agricultural practices in region of Toshka. An incubation trial at October 2019 was conducted to investigate the effect of potassium humate (KH) and micronic sulfur (MS) on some chemical properties of different soils (sandy clay soils, loamy sand and sandy soils). The used amendments (KH and MS) were added to the studied soil at 4 levels of each amendment i.e. 0.0, 0.25, 0.50 and 1.0%. A two way randomized completely block design and provided with three replications. Studied parameters were included soil pH, EC, exchange Na and the content of available - P and K. Results showed that, the MS application at 1% level caused a significant decrease in soil pH values compared with the KH application and control treatment. These reductions were more pronounced in case of soil B (loamy sand). Also, KH application gave an increase on exchange Na and available-K. While MS application was cause an increased in soil EC and available-P in the three soils under study. Moreover, the increases in the percentage of available – K with added of KH were higher than added of MS for soils under study. While the percentages of available-P with added of KH were higher than with added of MS for studied soils. It may be recommended to add KH and MS at a rate of 1% to improve the soil chemical properties. But the effect of application from MS has greater than KH to increase dissolved sodium salts on the form of sodium sulfate, which facilitates disposal during soil drainage.

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Reusing of Treated Wastewater by Membrane Bioreactorin Irrigation

Journal of Biotechnology Research Center ◽

10.24126/jobrc.2014.8.4.374 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 25-30

Author(s):

Azzam H. Al-Hadithy ◽

Mahdi S. Al-Rubai ◽

Mahdi Sh. Jaafar ◽

A.A. Hasson ◽

G.H. FadeL ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Plant Height ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Block Design ◽

Waste Water Treatment ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Control Treatment ◽

All Treatment

Membrane Bio Reactor(MBR) methods is considered as one of the most advanced used technology in waste water treatment. The aim of this technology is to obtain high quality treated waste water. This study conducted to investigate the ability of using of sewage water from zaafrania city for irrigation and their effect on corn growth and some of soil chemical properties which include electrical conductivity and soil pH in extract soil paste and the micro nutrient content in soil and plant which include Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb. Three levels of wastewater were used 0, 50, 100% in two stages, the three levels of wastewater ( without soil fertilization ) were used in the first stage, where 21.8 Kg P/D +80 N Kg/D was added to the soil as fertilizer in the control 0% treatment and 10.9Kg P/D +40 Kg N/D were added to 50 and 100% levels in the second stage. Corn seeds were planted in 10kg plastic pots in Completely Randomized Block Design in three replicates. The results refer to a high significant increase in plant height, fresh and dry weight for all treatments in comparison with control treatment. The low add level of wastewater 50%+ half of fertilizer recommendation gives a significant increase of plant height and fresh and dray weight. The results showed a high increased of electrical conductivity for 50, 100% wastewater added levels for both stages compared with control treatment. The high add level 100% gives high significant increase of electrical conductivity compared with the low level of the wastewater. Whereas the values of soil PH were close to the neutral for all treatment. The result showed a significant increase in micro nutrients content (which include Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb) in soil and plant for all treatment compared with control treatment, this increased was continues with the increase of additional level of wastewater. However all the micro nutrient was within the allowed natural limits and not reached the toxic limits in soil and plant.

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The response of saline-sodic soils to reclamation using biological and organic amendments under arid regions of Egypt

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202124701047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 247 ◽

pp. 01047

Author(s):

Mohamed Hafez ◽

Alexander I. Popov ◽

Mohamed Rashad

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Arid Regions ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Sodic Soils ◽

Sodic Soil ◽

Spent Grain ◽

And Control

The study focused on investigating the contribution of reclamation strategies of saline-sodic soils and their impacts on soil fertility characteristics. In this study, the soil treatments were denoted as: SG1 and SG2 (23.8 and 47.7 ton/ha of spent grain); TC1 and TC2 (23.8 and 47.6 ton/ha of compost); Azospirillium in inoculation with seed and soil (Az); Az + SG1 (Az+SG1); Az + TC1 (Az+TC1); mineral fertilizers (NPK); and control (CK). All treatments were mixed in pots with 30 kg soil. The results showed that reclamation with Az and SG2 treatments significantly affected soil pH, EC, and macronutrients. In contrast, no significant (P > 0.05) effects were found with the two compost levels and NPK treatments. The salt contents were maximal in the control treatment, while decreased with Az, SG2, and Az+SG treatments. However, SG2 application decreased the soluble Na+ concentrations in soil solution. The effect of organic and biological reclamations on chemical properties was in the following order: Az+SG > SG2 > Az > TC2 > Az+M > SG1 > TC1 > NPK > CK. Moreover, it positively impacted the salt contents, which improved soil chemical properties in the saline-sodic soil after three months of seed sowing in the greenhouse.

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Growth and flowering of young cocoa plants is promoted by organic and nitrate-based fertiliser amendments

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479720000320 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-21

Author(s):

Smilja Lambert ◽

Hussin bin Purung ◽

Syawaluddin ◽

Peter McMahon

Keyword(s):

Growth Rates ◽

Block Design ◽

Calcium Nitrate ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Aluminium Toxicity ◽

Gliricidia Sepium ◽

Available P ◽

Average Growth ◽

Organic Fertiliser ◽

Soil C

Summary Cocoa (Theobroma cacao) farmers in Sulawesi, Indonesia typically use subsidised, ammonium-based rice fertilisers that in combination with poor agricultural practices have resulted in soil acidification, loss of organic matter, aluminium toxicity and lower soil fertility. As a result, these soils are only marginally appropriate for replanting cocoa to boost production. A field experiment was performed to test alternative soil amendments for successful replanting of cocoa on these deficient soils. In a trial with a randomised block design, 6-month old seedlings, top-grafted with the local MCC02 clone, were planted under light Gliricidia sepium shade and after 3 months treated quarterly with two options of mineral fertilisers: either a customised fertiliser, consisting of Nitrabor (a combination of calcium nitrate and boron), dolomite, rock phosphate and KCl or a NPK/urea mix used by farmers, each supplied with or without ‘micronutrient’ rock salt, organic fertiliser and beneficial microorganisms or their culture medium, a mixture of chitin and amino acids (a total of 20 treatments). Over a 4-year period, the marginal mean rates of stem diameter increment and flowering score were higher in customised fertiliser than NPK/urea treatments. The average growth rate was highest in the first year and was increased by supplying organic fertiliser. A significant correlation (r = 0.22, p < 0.05) occurred between growth and available P, but concentrations of available P were higher in the NPK/urea plots, which also had lower mean growth rates. Combined supply of organic fertiliser and microbes increased available P, as well as growth rates, in both the customised and NPK/urea treatments. In contrast, NPK/urea-treated plots without these amendments demonstrated very low growth rates. The customised formulation was more effective with or without added organic fertiliser or inoculated microbes. Micronutrient supply stimulated flowering. Growth rates in trees supplied with NPK/urea were also promoted by micronutrients. Leaf flush production occurred in regular cycles and was unaffected by the nutrient amendments. After 3 years, the customised and organic fertiliser application increased soil pH and exchangeable Ca and Mg concentrations, although they remained below recommended levels for cocoa production. These treatments had little impact on soil C content (about 1.3%) which was also deficient. Exchangeable Al and total Zn concentrations were higher in soils amended with NPK/urea. The results of the trial provide evidence that utilisation of organic fertiliser in combination with customised nitrate-based formulations improves cocoa establishment, growth and soil properties and should be recommended as a replacement for the NPK/urea fertilisers traditionally used by farmers.

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Effect of Ethephon and Packaging Practices On Ripening of Mango cv. Maldah

SAARC Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.3329/sja.v19i1.54786 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 155-163

Author(s):

S Sapkota ◽

D Kc ◽

H Giri ◽

M Saud ◽

M Basnet ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Properties ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Quality Performance ◽

Plastic Packaging ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Acid Ratio ◽

Ethephon Treatment ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

And Control ◽

Juice Content

The present research was conducted on two factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with eight treatments and three replications. A set of experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of postharvest ethephon treatment and packaging on ripening of mango cv. Maldah. The treatments consisted of ripening agent i.e., ethephon and control treatment under different packaging condition i.e., fiber with hole, fiber without hole, plastic with hole and plastic without hole. The result revealed that different packaging condition and ripening agents influenced the ripening behavior of mango. The highest TSS (15.26), sugar-acid ratio (23.66) and juice content (126.05) were recorded with fiber (without hole) and the lowest TSS (12.60), sugar-acid ratio (9.01) and juice content (116.05) with plastic (without hole). The highest TA (1.44) was recorded with plastic (without hole) and the lowest (0.66) with fiber (without hole). Similarly, the highest BT (2.83) was recorded with fiber (with hole) and the lowest (1.66) with plastic (without hole). Firmness, sweetness, TSS and juice content were the highest with the interaction effect of fiber bag (without hole) and ethephon treatment. In conclusion, mango fruits with ethephon treatment packed in fiber bag (without hole) enhances quality and ripening of mango whereas under controlled condition and without hole plastic packaging mangoes had low quality performance in terms of physio-chemical properties. SAARC J. Agric., 19(1): 155-163 (2021)

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Response of vegetative growth and chemical properties in tomato plant (Tariz) for organic fertilization.

10.36602/jmuas.2019.v01.01.05 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 51-66

Author(s):

Halemah M. Amhamed ◽

Ahmed. I. Sharaf ◽

Salaheddin B. Elbelazi ◽

Moftah A. Assofal ◽

Amal E. Alhishni

Keyword(s):

Tomato Plant ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Block Design ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Average Weight ◽

Organic Fertilization ◽

And Chemical Properties

The experiment was carried out in agricultural land in Sorman between 4 - 2017 to 7 - 2017, in the design of Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) to study the response of vegetative traits and chemical properties in the tomato plant of Tariz for organic fertilization, by 6 treatments and 3 replicates, For SPSS statistical analysis at a significant level of LSD 0.05). The experiment included four types of semi-decomposed organic fertilizer (sheep manure, cattle manure, camel manure, horse manure) in 6 treatments, in addition to the control treatment, which included four treatments for each type of organic fertilizer as: fertilizer: soil by ratio (1: 3) that is 5Kg of fertilizer : 15 kg of soil, mixed treatment of fertilizer : soil (1: 1) (10 kg of fertilizer: 10 kg of soil), and double treatment (3: 1) (15 kg of fertilizer: 5 kg soil). The seedlings were planted in experimental units of 7.20 m2. The seedlings were treated in biological control using the garlic extract for insect protection after 15 days of planting, as well as the addition of simple proportions of hay as a cover to reduce the growth of herbs. The experiment showed that the treatment of cattle manure significantly increased most of the studied morphological traits (length of root, plant length, number of flowers, number of leafy branches), as well as significant increase in fresh and dry weight of leaves and average weight of five fruits.. There were significant differences in the content of the N, P in leaves and NPK elements in the fruits, while there was a significant increase in vitamin C content in fruits for all treatments.

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Effect of Farmyard Manure, Lime and Inorganic Fertilizer Applications on Soil pH, Nutrients Uptake, Growth and Nodulation of Soybean in Acid Soils of Western Kenya

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n4p199 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 199 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hillary M. O. Otieno ◽

George N. Chemining’wa ◽

Shamie Zingore

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Block Design ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Nodule Formation ◽

Higher Plant ◽

Inorganic Fertilizers ◽

Western Kenya

Soybean is an important crop with nutrition, economic and soil fertility improvement benefits to farmers. However, its production in western Kenya is partly constrained by low soil pH and soil fertility levels. A greenhouse pot study was conducted to evaluate the effects of inorganic fertilizers, farmyard manure and lime application on soil pH, nutrient uptake, growth and nodulation of soybean grown in acidic soils from western Kenya. The experiment was set up in a randomized complete block design with eight treatments: control; NPK; manure; lime; manure+lime; NPK+manure; NPK+lime and manure+lime+NPK. Significant effects of inorganic fertilizers, manure and lime applications were observed on all the variables. Manure, lime and manure+lime treatments increased soil pH by 1.33, 2.19 and 2.28, respectively, above the control treatment. The shoot N was lower under control (1.71-1.81%), NPK (1.85-1.98%) and manure (2.00-2.11%) than under all other treatments. Treatments NPK+lime and manure+lime+NPK recorded higher uptake of P and K nutrients than all other treatments. The control and NPK treatments recorded shorter plants and low leaf area and above-ground biomass compared to other treatments. The NPK+lime and manure+lime+NPK treatments recorded higher plant height and aboveground biomass than other treatments. Lime+manure treatment recorded highest nodule numbers and dry weights per plant. Positive relationships were observed between pH and N, P and K nutrient uptake (R2 ranged between 0.30 and 0.77) and between biomass and N, P and K nutrient uptake (R2 ranged between 0.68 and 0.99). From this study, use of manure and lime could result in improved soil pH for better uptake of nutrients, nodule formation and productivity of soybean in Western Kenya.

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The effects of mulch (Olea europea and Pinus halepensis) on burned soils: A preliminary study in Adriatic coast (Croatia)

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-1295 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Domina Delač ◽

Paulo Pereira ◽

Ivica Kisić

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Pinus Halepensis ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Summer Drought ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Adriatic Coast ◽

Olea Europea ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

And Control

The effects of mulch (Olea europea and Pinus halepensis) on burned soils: A preliminary study in Adriatic coast (Croatia)Delac, Domina1*; Pereira, Paulo2*; Kisic, Ivica11University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of General Agronomy, Svetosimunska cesta 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. (*[email protected])2Mykolas Romeris University, Environmental Management Laboratory, Ateitis street 20, LT-08303, Vilnius, Lithuania (*[email protected])&#160;In the recent decades the frequency and intensity of summer drought periods is increasing in Adriatic coast. These changes in climate increase the vulnerability to wildfires. Wildfires can change soil physical and chemical properties. However, these effects can be mitigated by mulching. The aim of this work is to study the effects of mulch (Olea europea and Pinus halepensis) on fire affected soils. The wildfire occurred on 28 July 2019 and affected an area of about 900 ha in Dalmatia, near Adriatic Coast (43&#176;45'06.0"N 15&#176;56'02.9"E with an elevation of 105 m a.s.l.). &#160;The mean annual temperature is 15.8 &#176;C, and the annual precipitation is 800 mm. It was affected agricultural land with dominant culture Olea europea and abandoned grassing where dominates Pinus halepensis. Soils are classified as calcocambisols. Twenty-five days after the fire, two plots (5 treatments per plot) were established and covered with Olea europea and Pinus halepensis mulch. A control plot was established as well. Soil were sampled (0 &#8211; 5 cm), twenty- days after fire (August, 2019), before mulch application, and then 3 months after fire (November, 2019). A total of 15 samples were collected per treatment (45 each sampling date). The soil properties analysed were soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), mean weight diameter (MWD) to express aggregate stability, and soil water repellency (SWR) measured with water drop penetration time method (WDPT) in different fractions (2 &#8211; 1 mm; 1 &#8211; 0.5 mm, 0.5 &#8211; 0.25 mm, and <0.25 mm). Soil pH was not significantly different among sampling dates and treatments. SOM was significantly different among sampling dates for Olea europeae treatment and control. Olea europeae treatment had a significantly higher SOM then Pinus halepensis and control treatment. MWD was significantly higher within Olea europeae treatment. Within Pinus halepensis and control treatment no significant difference was observed. The soil was classified as slightly water repellent (5 &#8211; 60 seconds) in Olea europeae soil finer fraction (0.5 &#8211; 0.25 mm and <0.25) in both sampling dates. In Pinus halepensis treatments and control, soil was wettable (<5 seconds), and no significant difference was observed among sampling date. Future sampling and analysis will be conducted during one year to estimate the effect of Olea europeae and Pinus halepensis mulch on soil properties.Keywords: Wildfire, Olea europeae, Pinus halepensis, mulch.&#160;AcknowledgmentsThis work was supported by Croatian Science Foundation through the project "Influence of Summer Fire on Soil and Water Quality&#8221; (IP-01-2018-1645).

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Evaluation of the effectiveness of different herbicides on weed invasion in the fields of triticale

Journal of Plant Protection Research ◽

10.2478/v10045-012-0070-z ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 435-439 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Parviz Sharifi Ziveh ◽

Vahid Mahdavi

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Wild Oat ◽

Control Methods ◽

Dual Purpose ◽

Weed Invasion ◽

Barnyard Grass ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Herbicide Use ◽

And Control

Abstract One of the factors limiting crop growth is weeds. The weeds lead to a reduced performance of the crops. Chemical control methods are considered appropriate for controlling weeds. Therefore, in the fight to control weeds in triticale, the performance of the dual-purpose herbicide sulfosulfuron(Apirus®), mesosulfuron + idosulfuron(Atlantis®), metsulfuron methyl+sulfosulfuron(Total®) with surfactant and isoproton + diflufenican(Panther®) from the sulfonylurea group, and narrow leaf herbicides clodinafobpropargyl( Topik®), pinoxaden(New Axial®), diclofop-methyl(Iloxan®), pinoxaden + clodinafob-propagyl (Traxos ®), fenoxaprop-pethyl + mefen-pyper-d-ethyl(PumaSuper®), tralkoksidim(Grasb®) with 1 liter oil, flam-prop-m-isopropyl(Suffix BW®), and control treatment without herbicides were evaluated. The test was carried out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Spraying was carried out using a back sprayer. For evaluation of ocular damage, the European Weed Research Council (EWRC) standard method was used. According to the performed studies, the narrow leaves of wild oat and barnyard grass were the dominant weeds. Results showed that all herbicide, except the herbicide tralkoksidim, were effective in weed control. The triticale yield was maintained with the use of these herbicides and none of herbicide had an adverse effect on the crop. In the first weeks of herbicide use, the triticale leaves appeared pale but this problem resolved over time. It seems that the herbicides discussed in this paper can be used on the triticale plant.

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Influence of Organic and Inorganic Soil Amendments on Soil pH and Macronutrients

Journal of Agriculture and Ecology Research International ◽

10.9734/jaeri/2019/v18i430064 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

E. K. Kago ◽

Z. M. Kinyua ◽

J. M. Maingi ◽

P. O. Okemo

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Soil Amendments ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Orange Peel ◽

Organic Soil ◽

Physicochemical Characteristics ◽

Soil Chemical Properties ◽

Current Status ◽

Metham Sodium

The popularity of using the Inorganic and organic soil amendments is based on the current status of soil degradation that led to decline in fertility of soils, resulting to low yields. The objective of current study was to evalute different organic and inorganic soil amendments and their effects on soil pH and macronutrients. The study was laid out as randomized complete block design (RCBD) in split plot arrangement for two seasons. The treatments were ChalimTM, Super-hydro-grow polymer + Metham sodium, Metham sodium, Metham sodium & Orange peel, Super-hydro-grow polymer, Brassica tissues, ChalimTM + Super-hydro-grow polymer, Brassica tissue + Orange peel, Metham sodium + Super-hydro-grow polymer and Control (no amendments). Soils were sampled from each experimental site, dried and taken to laboratories for determination of soil chemical properties both at initial and at the end of the experiment. The soil physicochemical attributes assessed included: Soil pH, nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, potassium and calcium. There was an significant increase (P≤0.05) in the concentration and availability of soil physicochemical characteristics after treatment which is an indicator of improved soil structure. Brassicae tissue +super hydrogrow polymer (BT+SHG) amendment was the best as it resulted to highest concentration and availability of the mineral elements in the soil recording total nitrogen of 0.50 %, organic carbon 5.47 %, phosphorus 19.7 mg/kg, and potassium 1.37 %. The control exhibited the least impact on all the soil chemical properties. We recommend BT+SHG amendment to farmers to promote soil fertility which will consequently produce better yield.

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Comparison of Chemical Properties and Application as Acid Soil Amendment of Pretreatment Center Slag and Other Slags

Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan ◽

10.29244/jitl.2.2.8-17 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 8-17

Author(s):

Suwarno . ◽

Itsuo Goto ◽

Hiroshi Masujima

Keyword(s):

Soil Ph ◽

Soil Amendment ◽

Converter Slag ◽

Acid Soil ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Available P ◽

Liming Material ◽

Exchangeable Ca ◽

P Fertilizer ◽

Bf Slag

Chemical properties of Pretreatment center slag (PTC-slag) were analyzed and compared to those of converter slag (C slag) and blast furnace slag (BF slag). PTC slag had a high EC value as well as citric acid soluble P and contained more Ca, Si, P, K, and Na but less Mg and Fe than C slag. Compared to BF slag, PTC slag contained more Fe, Ca, Mg, P, Mn, and Na but less Si, Al, and K. Although neutralizing value of PTC slag was lower than that of C slag, its ability to neutralize soilacidity was markedly higher. A pot experiment using Andisol from Tochigi Prefecture and komatsuna plant was carried outto evaluate PTC slag as liming material as well as P fertilizer. PTC slag, C slag, and dolomite were applied as liming materials and combined with super phosphate (SP). Addition of SP of 2.5 and 5.0% phosphate absorption coefficient (PAC) to PTC slag significantly improved the yield of komatsuna.This result, however, only apply for PTC slag adjusting soil pH to 6.5. Addit~ono f the same dosage of SP to PTC slag adjusting soil pH to 7.5 did not give significant effect. On the other hand, addition of SP of 2.5 and 5.0% PAC to C slag or dolomite significantly improved the yield for both C slag ordolomite adjusting. the soil pH to 6.5 and 7.5. Results of the experiment also indicated that P'TC slag and C slag significantly increased soil pH; exchangeable Ca, and Mg and improved available P, B, and Mn in Andisol. The magnitudes ofthese effects of the two slags, however, were difference. As compared to C slag and dolomite, PTC slag increased lower exchangeable Mg but higher available P. These results suggest that for acid soil amendment, PTC slag was better than dolomite and C slag due to the fact that this material supplymore P and B. Application of PTC slag as acid soil amendment will reduce the demand of P fertilizer, and even in high dosage can meet the P demand of komatsuna plant.

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