scholarly journals A Review on Ethno-pharmacology of Antidiabetic Plants

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
M. A. Omoirri ◽  
O. M. Odigie ◽  
K. O. Gbagbeke ◽  
I. F. Ajegi ◽  
J. O. Oseyomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Antidiabetic Plants

Abnormally emanates from difficulty in insulin secretion, Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to be a metabolic disorder that causes an increase of blood glucose in blood streams. The lack of effective modern treatments, the lifelong treatment with modern medicines, overtime, its associated health side effects, and its expensive prices among others are the challenging existing realities that devastate the health and economic burdens its sufferers, especially in developing nations. Today, this has prompted the search for cheap, safe, and reliable drugs from medicinal plants. This study reviewed existing information on medicinal plants used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus from various sources. Several documents (published and unpublished papers, books among others) were consulted in compilation of this review. It is found that there is a wide, yet uneven support for active components of major medicinal.

scholarly journals A Review on Anti-diabetic Activity of Medicinal Spices

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramya P ◽  
Lavanya Krishnadhas
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder in which the human body does not produce insulin hormone, this leads to the increase in blood glucose levels. Diabetes infects more than 387 million individuals globally, posing a significant threat to both personal well-being and global economies. Normally, medicinal plants are highly used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus but some spices also have the efficiency to treat diabetes. Still, spices which we are using as ingredients plays important role in foods also have the ability to treat diabetes. This article describes the anti-diabetic activity of those medicinal spices.

scholarly journals Glycogen Phosphorylase-a is a Common Target for Anti-Diabetic Effect of Iridoid and Secoiridoid Glycosides

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitesh B Vaidya ◽  
Abeer A Ahmed ◽  
Ramesh K Goyal ◽  
Sukhinder K Cheema
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Glycogen Phosphorylase ◽  
Docking Studies ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Active Chemical ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Secoiridoid Glycosides ◽  
Common Target

Purpose. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, action or both. The use of medicinal plants for the treatment of diabetes mellitus dates back from the Ebers papyrus of about 1550 B.C. One of the major problems with herbal drugs is that the active ingredients are not well defined. It is important to know the active components and their molecular interactions which will help to analyze their therapeutic efficacy and also to standardize the product. There are a number of medicinal plants known for their anti-diabetic effect that possess similarities in their active chemical components, e.g. iridoid and secoiridoid glycosides. Methods. In this study, we have compared the structure of various iridoid and secoiridoid glycosides to design a novel pharmacophore. We further developed a structure-activity relationship for the inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase-a. Conclusion. By using docking studies, we are proposing, for the first time, that inhibition of glycogen phosphorylase-a activity is a common target for iridoids and secoiridoids to elicit anti-diabetic effects. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

Antidiabetic Activity (Anti-Hyperglycemic Activity, Anti-Hyperlipidemic Activity)/Agents From Medicinal Plants

2020 ◽  
pp. 25-48
Author(s):  
Manish Singh Sansi ◽  
Daraksha Iram ◽  
Kapil Singh Narayan ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Om Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Insulin Deficiency ◽  
Receptor Function ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Receptor Kinase

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by inherited or acquired deficiency in insulin secretion and by decreased insulin secretion by the organ. Insulin deficiency causes the DM. Synthetic drugs are widely used in the treatment of diabetes, but they have some side effects. The antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipedemic effects of the plants are related to their ability to maintain pancreatic function. Medicinal plants constituents such as glycosides, alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids mitigate DM. B. ciliata inhibits the α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Cinnamon extracts improve insulin receptor function by activating insulin receptor kinase and inhibiting insulin receptor phosphatase, which lead to an increase in insulin sensitivity. Morinda lucida also had the highest antioxidant activity, and it also inhibited the α-glucosidase. Many plants have also been shown to antihyperlipedemic effects. Finally, it can be concluded that medicinal plants have that ability to treat or prevent DM.

scholarly journals A REVIEW ON BASTI CHIKITSA IN PRAMEHA: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Suma K J ◽  
Meghana N ◽  
Shalini C
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Main Line ◽  
Daytime Sleep ◽  
Lack Of Exercise

Prameha is a Tridoshaja Vyadhi with Kapha predominance. It is a lifestyle disorder and Charaka explains it as a Santarpana Janya Vyadhi, caused due to overindulgence in heavy and richly nutritious food, daytime sleep, lack of exercise, other sedentary habits and not doing seasonal purification. All these etiological factors are responsible for the formation of Vitiated Meda and Kleda (deliquesce) i.e. Abhishyanda. The disease is mainly characterized by Prabhuta and Avila Mutrata. Prameha can be correlated with Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple aetiology, characterized by an increase in plasma blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Globally, an estimated 463 million adults are living with Diabetes. Diabetes Currently affects more than 62 million people which is more than 7.1% of India’s adult population. As Prameha is a Santarpana Janya Vyadhi, Apatarpana is the main line of treatment. Charaka explains various Shodhana procedures in Prameha and contraindicates Basti in it, as it will increase the progress of the disease. But still, Acharyas explain various Basti Karmas for Prameha. Hence here is an attempt to critically analyse Basti Karma as a line of treatment in Prameha.

Antidiabetic Activity (Anti-Hyperglycemic Activity, Anti-Hyperlipidemic Activity)/Agents From Medicinal Plants

2022 ◽  
pp. 251-268
Author(s):  
Manish Singh Sansi ◽  
Daraksha Iram ◽  
Kapil Singh Narayan ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Om Prakash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Insulin Deficiency ◽  
Receptor Function ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Receptor Kinase

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by inherited or acquired deficiency in insulin secretion and by decreased insulin secretion by the organ. Insulin deficiency causes the DM. Synthetic drugs are widely used in the treatment of diabetes, but they have some side effects. The antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipedemic effects of the plants are related to their ability to maintain pancreatic function. Medicinal plants constituents such as glycosides, alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids mitigate DM. B. ciliata inhibits the α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Cinnamon extracts improve insulin receptor function by activating insulin receptor kinase and inhibiting insulin receptor phosphatase, which lead to an increase in insulin sensitivity. Morinda lucida also had the highest antioxidant activity, and it also inhibited the α-glucosidase. Many plants have also been shown to antihyperlipedemic effects. Finally, it can be concluded that medicinal plants have that ability to treat or prevent DM.

scholarly journals TRADITIONAL MEDICINAL SYSTEMS FOR TREATMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS: A REVIEW

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Dimple . ◽  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Vidisha Tomer
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Diabetes Treatment ◽  
Active Components ◽  
The World ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which has clinched the world. More than 300 million people of the world are suffering from this disease and the number is still increasing at a rapid rate as modern medical science has no permanent solution for the disease. Current scenario of the nutraceuticals has increased patient’s faith on the traditional medicinal system and world nutraceutical industry is estimated to reach $285.0 billion by 2021. The increasing trend of nutraceuticals in diabetes treatment makes it important to collect the traditional knowledge of medicines under one heading as it can help researchers to formulate new functional foods and nutraceuticals which can either lower down the risk or cure DM. In addition, the discussion of market available food products, their active components and possible health benefits can help the patients to understand the herbal medicines in a better way.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 25857
Author(s):  
Samuel Selbach Dries ◽  
Bárbara Da Silveira Soares ◽  
Ana Luiza Ziulkoski ◽  
Simone Gasparin Verza ◽  
Rafael Linden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Diabetic Complications

*** Oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin ***AIMS: To evaluate oxidative stress parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin, relating these values to its side effects, plasma levels, glycemic control, diabetic complications, lipid profile, and the influence of pharmacotherapeutic follow-up.METHODS: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, on metformin and in pharmacotherapeutic follow-up for four months, were evaluated. The pharmacotherapeutic follow-up consisted in providing information and answering patients’ questions about medication and disease. In addition, administration times, dosages, and presence or absence of side effects related to the use of metformin were verified. Glycemic and lipid profile, oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde) and plasma metformin were evaluated. Pearson’s correlation and Spearman’s correlation were performed to evaluate the relationship between the variables at the beginning of the study. The independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to assess the difference between the groups with and without diabetic complications. The range of values between the beginning and  end of the study was evaluated using Student’s t-test or Wilcoxon U test. The significance level was set at 5%.RESULTS: The initial sample consisted of 49 patients aged 59±9 years with a body mass index of 29.8±5.1 kg/m2, who have had diabetes for a median time of 36 months (interquartile range of 1-240) and have been on metformin for a median time of 36 months (interquartile range of 1-180). Twenty-five patients left the study between the second and fourth meetings. Malondialdehyde levels differed between before and after pharmacotherapeutic follow-up, being positively correlated with blood glucose, glycohemoglobin, and triglyceride level, and negatively correlated with metformin and superoxide dismutase. Blood glucose, glycohemoglobin, and malondialdehyde levels increased, whereas metformin levels decreased in the group with diabetic complications, and there was a correlation between malondialdehyde and the number of diabetic complications per patient.CONCLUSIONS: In this sample of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with metformin, oxidative stress was more pronounced in those with poor glycemic control and diabetic complications.

scholarly journals Experimental strategy of animal trial for the approval of anti-diabetic agents prior to their use in pre-human clinical trials

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Vivek K. Bajpai ◽  
Irfan A. Rather ◽  
Gyeong-Jun Nam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Animal Trial ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Pass Through

<p>Although several naturally available drugs have been historically used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus throughout the world, few of them have been validated by scientific criteria. Before approval of any drug developed it should pass through animal trial prior to clinical human trial, which should followed by some standard ethical rules. Recently, a large diversity of animal models have been developed to better understand the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, and new drugs have been introduced in the market to treat this autoimmune disease. In the present article, we demonstrated some standard handling procedure of animal trial for the approval of anti-diabetic drug, which could be helpful for both academics and industrial scientific community to conduct the animal experiments. This research also contributes in the field of ethnopharmacology to design new strategies for the development of novel drugs to treat this serious condition of diabetes mellitus that constitutes a global public health.</p><p> </p><p><strong>VIDEO CLIPS</strong></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/_Qz4opKbNuc">Handling and caring of mice:</a>                                              2 min 30 sec</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/1ftT8ozWy-c">Inducing diabetes in mice and observing blood glucose level:</a>   1 min 47 sec</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/u01ls9p6310">Drug administration and observation of blood glucose level:</a>    2 min 11 sec</p><p> </p>

Hypoglycaemia in the treatment of diabetes mellitus

2011 ◽  
pp. 1849-1861
Author(s):  
Pratik Choudhary ◽  
Stephanie A. Amiel
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Cerebral Metabolism ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
The Brain

Hypoglycaemia (low blood glucose concentration) is the most important acute complication of the pharmacological treatment of diabetes mellitus. Low blood glucose impairs brain (and, potentially, cardiac) function. The brain has minimal endogenous stores of energy, with small amounts of glycogen in astroglial cells. The brain is therefore largely dependent on circulating glucose as the substrate to fuel cerebral metabolism and support cognitive performance. If blood glucose levels fall sufficiently, cognitive dysfunction is inevitable. In health, efficient glucose sensing and counterregulatory mechanisms exist to prevent clinically significant hypoglycaemia. These are impaired by diabetes and by its therapies. Patients with diabetes rank fear of hypoglycaemia as highly as fear of chronic complications such as nephropathy or retinopathy (1). Fear of hypoglycaemia, hypoglycaemia itself and attempts to avoid hypoglycaemia limit the degree to which glycaemic control can be intensified to reduce the risk of chronic complications of diabetes both for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

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