Overview and Checklist of Parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae and Figitidae) of Anastrepha Fruit Flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) in the Brazilian Amazon

Fruit-bearing plants in the Brazilian Amazon are mainly attacked by species of Anastrepha, of which about half are endemic to the region. However, tritrophic relations (fly/plant/parasitoid) have only been established for some 25% of the species of Anastrepha in the region. At present, 11 species of hymenopterous parasitoids (Braconidae and Figitidae) have been recorded in the Brazilian Amazon. Parasitoids in general, especially those of the family Braconidae, stand out as the most effective natural enemies of fruit flies of the genus Anastrepha. Doryctobracon areolatus is the most abundant parasitoid and it is associated with the largest number of Anastrepha species in the region. Some fruiting species, for example Bellucia grossularioides (L.) Triana and Geissospermum argenteum Woodson, have been studied aiming at biological control of fruit flies, because they act as reservoirs or multipliers of fruit fly parasitoids. Although research has advanced significantly in the past 20 years, there is a shortage of studies in nearly all states in the region, due to the huge area of the Brazilian Amazon.

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Spondias mombin as a reservoir of fruit fly parasitoid populations in the Eastern Amazon: an undervalued ecosystem service

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.11530 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e11530

Author(s):

Maria do Socorro Miranda de Sousa ◽

Ezequiel de Deus ◽

Adilson Lopes Lima ◽

Cristiane Ramos de Jesus ◽

Salustiano Vilar da Costa Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Ecosystem Service ◽

Native Species ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Fruit Flies ◽

Environmental Damage ◽

Spondias Mombin ◽

Fruit Fly Parasitoids

Fruit flies are economically important pests that infest a wide variety of host trees. The environmental damage caused by traditional pesticide-based control methods has prompted scientists to seek less damaging alternatives such as biological control by native species. Parasitoids, especially Braconidae species, have excellent potential as biological control agents for fruit flies, being both generalists and well distributed geographically. Native fruit trees that support medium or high levels of these parasitoids could therefore play an important role in biological control strategies. A good potential example is Spondias mombin L. in the Brazilian Amazon, which hosts several species of fruit flies and associated parasitoids. Here, we provide a unique synthesis of over nearly two decades of data from the east Amazon, clearly demonstrating the potential of S. mombin to act as a source and reservoir of fruit fly parasitoids. This important ecosystem service (biological control) provided by the parasitoids and supported by S. mombin could be further enhanced through conservation of this plant species in its natural environment.

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Newly imported larval parasitoids pose minimal competitive risk to extant egg–larval parasitoid of tephritid fruit flies in Hawaii

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1079/ber2002181 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 92 (5) ◽

pp. 423-429 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

X.G. Wang ◽

R.H. Messing

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Classical Biological Control ◽

Fruit Flies ◽

Fopius Arisanus ◽

Larval Parasitoids ◽

Larval Parasitoid ◽

Fruit Fly Parasitoids ◽

Psyttalia Concolor ◽

Tephritid Fruit Flies

AbstractCompetitive displacement of fruit fly parasitoids has been a serious issue in the history of fruit fly biological control in Hawaii. This concern regarding competitive risk of new parasitoids has led to an overall tightening of regulations against the use of classical biological control to manage fruit flies. Fopius arisanus (Sonan), an egg–larval parasitoid, is the most effective natural enemy of tephritid fruit flies in Hawaii. This study evaluated the competitive risk of two recently introduced larval parasitoids, Diachasmimorpha kraussii Fullaway and Psyttalia concolor (Szépligeti), to F. arisanus attacking the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann). Fopius arisanus won almost all intrinsic competitions against both larval parasitoids through physiological suppression of egg development. 83.3% of D. kraussii eggs and 80.2% of P. concolor eggs were killed within three days in the presence of F. arisanus larvae within the bodies of multi-parasitized hosts. The mechanism that F. arisanus employs to eliminate both larval parasitoids is similar to that it uses against three other early established larval fruit fly parasitoids: F. vandenboschi (Fullaway), D. longicaudata (Ashmead) and D. tryoni (Cameron). It suggests that introduction of these larval parasitoids poses minimal competitive risk to F. arisanus in Hawaii.

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Biological control of fruit flies: bibliometric analysis on the main biocontrol agents

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v10i1.11245 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. e22510111245

Author(s):

Angélica da Silva Salustino ◽

Wilma Freitas Celedônio ◽

Manoel Cícero de Oliveira Filho ◽

Demichaelmax Sales de Melo ◽

Josué José da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Bibliometric Analysis ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Fruit Flies ◽

Biological Agents ◽

Scientific Field ◽

Publication Language ◽

The Web

The Tephritidae family has many fruit fly species responsible for causing direct and indirect damage to economically important fruit trees worldwide. Biological control has been sought as a method for the management of these insects, mainly because it does not cause adverse damage to the environment. Thus, this review sought information on what is currently being published in the scientific field about the main biological agents that are used to control fruit flies. The information was obtained through surveys between the months of June and August 2020, in bases such as the Web of Science, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, Springer, and Scielo. The inclusion of the articles followed criteria such as publication language English, Portuguese and Spanish, available in full, from categories A1 to B1, related to the biological agents used in the control of fruit flies and published in the last five years. A total of 2,362 studies were found, of which 105 articles were selected for this review. Regarding the years of publication, only 27% of the studies correspond to references from the years 2019 and 2020, with a greater number of research on parasitoids and developed in the laboratory. The largest concentration of research was in countries like Brazil, Mexico, and Spain.

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MUSUH ALAMI KUTU PUTIH Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Granara de Willink, (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) PADA TANAMAN PEPAYA DI MINAHASA UTARA

EUGENIA ◽

10.35791/eug.21.2.2015.9705 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Robert W. Tairas ◽

Max Tulung ◽

Jantje Pelealu

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Oecophylla Smaragdina ◽

The Family

ABSTRACT The potential of biological control using natural enemies locally has a huge opportunity, therefore, carried out a study in order to determine the types of natural enemies of both predators, parasitoids and pathogens on the mealybug P. marginatus live in papaya plants in North Minahasa area. The study found that in Minahasa north, there are natural enemies comprised of predators, pathogens and parasitoids, among others, Chilocorus sp. Scymnus sp. (Coleoptera), Oecophylla smaragdina and some of the family Formicidae (Hymenoptera), earwig (Dermaptera), mites (Acari) and Tetragnatha sp, Tetragnatidae; Plexippus sp. Telamonia sp; Lycosidae (Aranea). At the parasitoid was found only Acerophagus papayae, family Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera), while natural enemies of pathogen is Fungus Keywords : P. marginatus, mealybugs, natural enemies, predators, parasitoid and pathogen

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Biological Control of Tephritid Fruit Flies in the Americas and Hawaii: A Review of the Use of Parasitoids and Predators

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11100662 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 662

Author(s):

Flávio R. M. Garcia ◽

Sérgio M. Ovruski ◽

Lorena Suárez ◽

Jorge Cancino ◽

Oscar E. Liburd

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Fruit Flies ◽

Economic Importance ◽

Parasitoid Species ◽

Control Programs ◽

First Time ◽

Tephritid Fruit Flies

Biological control has been the most commonly researched control tactic within fruit fly management programs. For the first time, a review is carried out covering parasitoids and predators of fruit flies (Tephritidae) from the Americas and Hawaii, presenting the main biological control programs in this region. In this work, 31 species of fruit flies of economic importance are considered in the genera Anastrepha (11), Rhagoletis (14), Bactrocera (4), Ceratitis (1), and Zeugodacus (1). In this study, a total of 79 parasitoid species of fruit flies of economic importance are listed and, from these, 50 are native and 29 are introduced. A total of 56 species of fruit fly predators occur in the Americas and Hawaii.

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Effect of Density and Lethargy Duration in Prerelease Packaging of the Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Parasitoid, Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Journal of Insect Science ◽

10.1093/jisesa/ieaa004 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jorge Cancino ◽

Rubén Leal-Mubarqui ◽

Roberto Angulo ◽

Cesar Pérez ◽

Lucy Tirado

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

The Other ◽

Other Hand ◽

Great Utility ◽

Diachasmimorpha Longicaudata ◽

Flight Capacity ◽

Fruit Fly Parasitoids

Abstract Different densities prerelease packing and times of lethargy in the fruit fly parasitoids Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) were evaluated in order to standardize the process of chilled insect technique for this species. Adults were kept at densities of 0.048, 0.072, 0.096, 0.120, and 0.144 parasitoids/cm2 before release in a México tower, where thermal lethargy was induced at a temperature of 2 ± 2°C for 45 min. Samples of parasitoids were collected to evaluate mortality, survival, fecundity, and flight capacity. All densities showed a similar mortality, both for males (ca. >10%) and females (ca. <7). There was no effect of density on survival and flight capacity in both sexes. On the other hand, fecundity increased with density, 1.66 sons/♀/day, similar to the control. We conclude that a density of 30,000 pupae per cage (0.144 parasitoids/cm2) is adequate for the massive prerelease packaging of the parasitoid D. longicaudata. Regarding the thermal lethargy period, 180 min under 2 ± 2°C conditions, considered as time for management, does not affect the survival, fecundity, and flight capacity of adults. The results obtained are of great utility to establish prerelease packaging parameters for D. longicaudata used in the biological control of Tephritidae fruit fly populations.

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Tephritidae fruit fly gut microbiome diversity, function and potential for applications

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485319000853 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 110 (4) ◽

pp. 423-437 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Muhammad Fahim Raza ◽

Zhichao Yao ◽

Shuai Bai ◽

Zhaohui Cai ◽

Hongyu Zhang

Keyword(s):

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Fruit Fly ◽

Fruit Flies ◽

Agricultural Pests ◽

Associated Bacteria ◽

Microbiome Diversity ◽

The Family ◽

Host Nutrition ◽

Multiple Species ◽

Potential Use

AbstractThe family Tephritidae (order: Diptera), commonly known as fruit flies, comprises a widely distributed group of agricultural pests. The tephritid pests infest multiple species of fruits and vegetables, resulting in huge crop losses. Here, we summarize the composition and diversity of tephritid gut-associated bacteria communities and host intrinsic and environmental factors that influence the microbiome structures. Diverse members of Enterobacteriaceae, most commonly Klebsiella and Enterobacter bacteria, are prevalent in fruit flies guts. Roles played by gut bacteria in host nutrition, development, physiology and resistance to insecticides and pathogens are also addressed. This review provides an overview of fruit fly microbiome structure and points to diverse roles that it can play in fly physiology and survival. It also considers potential use of this knowledge for the control of economically important fruit flies, including the sterile insect technique and cue-lure baiting.

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Report of A Larval Parasitoid of Tuta Absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) from Iran

Journal of Plant Protection Research ◽

10.2478/jppr-2014-0046 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 306-307 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fariba Sohrabi ◽

Hossein Lotfalizadeh ◽

Hoda Salehipour

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Tuta Absoluta ◽

Parasitoid Species ◽

Tomato Leafminer ◽

Control Programs ◽

Larval Parasitoid ◽

The Family ◽

Introduced Pest ◽

First Time

Abstract The tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is one of the most devastating pests of greenhouse and outdoor tomato crops. Since it is a newly introduced pest in Iran, there is an important need to search for its natural enemies. In the course of a survey on the natural enemies of this pest, samplings were carried out in tomato greenhouses heavily infested with the tomato leafminer, in the Borazjan region of the Bushehr province in Iran. Leaves with mines were reared in the laboratory until emergence of parasitoids. A single parasitoid species of the family Eulophidae was reared and identified as Neochrysocharis formosus (Westwood 1833). This species is reported for the first time on the tomato leafminer in Iran. Such information may help in developing biological control programs to control this serious pest.

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