scholarly journals Effect of Protein Diet on Growth Performance and Body Composition of Labeo rohita Reared in Glass Tank

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-51
Author(s):  
Faiza Akhtar ◽  
Tahir Naqqash ◽  
Syed Bilal Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Muther Mansoor Qaisrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Meal Protein

Fish is used as a great source of food and the quality of its meat can be indicated by fat and protein contents as well as low quantity of water in fish meat. Therefore, the present study was performed for improvement in weight, feed-conversion ratio, protein-efficiency ratio, and growth. The experiment was performed at commercial level in field (pond) and the influence of fish meal protein on growth of Labeo rohita was investigated in 60 days culture trials. 90 fingerlings (Size: 4.97 to 6.04; Weight: 4.15 to 4.20) were maintained in well aerated 280 L three glass tanks in triplicate. These glass tanks were named as T1, T2 and T3. T1 was consisted of 30% crude protein with control diet containing proteins, fats vitamins and fibres, T2 consisted of 35% protein with control diet, while T3 consisted of only control diet (rice polish). The fish were fed 4% percent of their body weight twice a day at twelve hours interval for 60 days. There was a significant increase (p<0.05) in body weight, feed-conversion ratio, protein-efficiency ratio, and gross fish production of fish having 35% fish meal protein with control diet (T2) when compared with 30% fish meal protein with control diet T1 and control diet T3. These findings suggest that 35% fishmeal protein appear to be sufficient for obtaining optimum growth in fish.

Effect of processing methods on the nutritional value of Mucuna cochinchinensis to broiler chicks

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Ukachukwu ◽  
F. C. Obioha
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Crude Fibre

The performance and nutrient retention of broilers fed raw (RMD), toasted (TMD), boiled (BMD), soaked and boiled (SMD) or no (NMD) Mucuna cochinchinensis seed diets at both starter and finisher phases were assessed using 400 broiler chicks. The birds were fed a common proprietary feed (Top Feed) until 2 weeks of age, followed by a treatment diet for 3 weeks of the starter period, then 5 weeks on the finisher diet. At the starter phase, RMD significantly (P < 0.05) decreased liveweight, daily weight gain, protein efficiency ratio and encouraged poorer feed conversion ratio and higher cost per kilogram weight gain when compared with other diets. TMD decreased (P < 0.05) only the protein efficiency ratio. RMD also decreased (P < 0.05) retention of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF) and energy while TMD decreased (P < 0.05) retention of only DM, CP, and energy. At the finisher phase, RMD also significantly (P < 0.05) decreased daily weight gain, protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio and increased cost per kg weight gain, while TMD decreased (P < 0.05) only the protein efficiency ratio and feed conversion ratio. RMD again decreased (P < 0.05) retention of DM, CP, CF and energy, while TMD, as in the starter phase, again decreased (P < 0.05) retention of DM, CP and energy. On a cumulative basis, RMD adversely affected (P < 0.05) all the parameters under investigation. TMD affected (P < 0.05) only the feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and cost per kg weight gain. Boiling Mucuna cochinchinensis, therefore, encourages significantly better performance of chicks, higher nutrient retention and lower cost per kg weight gain than toasting, whereas soaking before boiling does not add any advantage to boiling alone.

scholarly journals Studies on growth performance of Cyprinus carpio var. Communis fed with Bacillus clausii supplemented diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-358
Author(s):  
Sumira Jan ◽  
Anayitullah Chesti ◽  
Madinat Ul. Nisa ◽  
Misbah Mushtaq ◽  
Shazia Shah
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Feed Efficiency Ratio

The present investigation entitled “Studies on growth performance of Cyprinus carpio var. Communis fed with Bacillus clausii supplemented diets” was carried out at Faculty of Fisheries, Ganderbal over a period of 60 days from April 1st to June Ist, 2019. The fingerlings were fed with dry diets containing three concentrations of probiotic viz., (T1: 1%, T2: 1.5%, T3: 2%) and control group (T0: containing no probiotic). The growth parameters including per cent weight gain, Specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed efficiency ratio (FER) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were measured at the end of the experiment. The results showed that the probiotic incorporated diets had significant impact on growth than control group (P<0.05). The highest values of treatment T2 with 2 per cent probiotic showed the highest percent weight gain (74.62%), specific growth rate (0.40), feed efficiency ratio (0.90), protein efficiency ratio (1.82) were observed in treatments with 2% concentration of probiotic where as, feed conversion ratio(1.09) was lower in groups received probiotic through diets than control.

scholarly journals Growth performance, blood profile and economic analysis of broilers fed fermented mixture of cassava flour and bovine blood (cassablood) based diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-262
Author(s):  
A.O. Aniebo
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Cassava Flour ◽  
Biochemical Indices

The effect of dietary treatments on growth performance, haematological and biochemical indices of finisher broilers as well as economics of broiler production were determined in this experiment. Four broiler finisher diets were formulated with different inclusion levels of fermented cassava flour/blood mixture code-named “cassablood”. The control diet (T1) contained 0% cassablood, while diets 2, 3 and 4 contained 20%, 25% and 30%  cassablood respectively. 120 four weeks old Anak broiler chicken were randomly allocated the 4 diets with 30 birds per treatment replicated 3 times with ten 10 broilers per replicate in a completely randomized design (CRD).Treatment effects on final body weight, final weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were significant (P<0.05). Birds fed cassabloodbased diets compared favourably with the control diet. 20% cassablood inclusion performed equally with the control diet in feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio. All dietary groups also showed no significant differences (P>0.05) in most haematological and serum biochemical indices of broilers except in cholesterol, glucose and triglyceride contents which differed (P<0.05) significantly Similarly, chicken on 20% and 25% inclusion levels produced significantly (P < 0.05) higher economic gains in terms of feed cost per kilogram of broiler among all the treatments. Therefore, 20 - 25% cassablood dietary inclusion level was recommended in broiler diet for production and profit maximization.

Dietary evaluation of fermented cocoyam tuber meal (Xanthosoma sagitifolium) as energy source in place of maize in broiler chicken production

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
B. C. Anyaegbu ◽  
A. C. Ogbonna ◽  
O. O. Adedokun ◽  
D. N. Onunkwo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion

Considering the inherent attributes of cocoyam tuber meal (Xanthosoma sagitifolium) and its appropriate utilization in chicken diets may enhance performance of broiler chicken. This study was therefore carried out to determine the dietary evaluation of fermented cocoyam tuber meal as energy source in the diets of finisher broiler production. The objectives of the study were to determine the proximate composition of raw and fermented coco yam tuber meal and their anti-nutrient content (Tannin), cyanide, saponin, phytate and oxalate); to determine the effects of replacement value of maize with different levels of fermented coco yam tuber meal on the growth performance of broilers; to determine the economics of production of broilers using such diets. The fermented cocoyam was used to replace maize at various levels to determine the best level that would give optimal performance in broilers diets. One hundred and fifty (150) agrited finisher Anak broilers at 4 week were used for this experiment. The proximate composition of fermented cocoyam meal showed that it contained 19.15% moisture, 1.30% ash, 3.56% crude protein, 5.30% crude fiber, 1.90% ether extract and 25.48% NFE. In the finisher trial, the replacements were 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of FCYM for maize in the control diet. Each finisher diet was fed to a group of 30 finisher broilers at 4 weeks using Completely Ramdomized Design (CRD). The parameters measured include: initial body weight, final body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, cost of production and carcass characteristics. In the finisher feeding trial, the broiler group on 25% FCYM recorded the highest body weight gain which was significantly different (P<0.05) from those on the control diet and the rest of the treatment groupsThe internal organs expressed as percent of the live weight were not affected by the treatments. The cost of production (N135.28) was lowest for diets 5 (100% FCYM) while the highest was the control treatment. The result of the trial have shown that 4 day fermentation of cocoyam tubers for processing broiler diets was quite an effective method of processing cocoyam tubers for use in broiler diets because fermentation reduced the anti-nutrient contents in cocoyam tubers. It was concluded that fermented cocoyam tuber meal could be used in the diet of finisher broilers up to 100% without affecting body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio as indicated in this study.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Soybean Meal as a Dietary Protein Source on the Performance of Labeo rohita (Ham.) Spawn Reared under Pond Condition

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
DA Jahan ◽  
L Hussain ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
A Naima
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Mustard Oil ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Mustard Oil Cake ◽  
Dietary Protein Source

Growth of Labeo rohita spawn, fed on four formulated (almost iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric) diets containing fish meal, soybean meal, mustard oil cake and rice bran along with vitamin and mineral premix was studied at the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during 07 June to 19 July, 2006. Fish meal was replaced by soybean meal at the rates of 0, 25, 50 and 75% in Treatment 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. In a 42-day feeding trial, significantly higher growth rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio and survival rate and slightly higher protein content in carcass were observed in Treatment 2 but the variation was not statistically significant. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v11i2.17482 The Agriculturists 2013; 11(2) 14-20

scholarly journals Nutritional evaluation of fermented cocoyam tuber meal (Xanthosoma sagitifolium ) as energy source in place of maize in starter broiler production

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.C Anyaegbu ◽  
D.N. Onunkwo ◽  
A.C. Ogbonna ◽  
O. Uzoigwe
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
The Cost

Considering the inherent attributes of cocoyam tuber meal (Xanthosoma Sagitifolium), its appropriate utilization for chicken diets may enhance performance of broiler chicken. This studywas therefore carried out to determine the nutritional evaluation of fermented cocoyam tuber meal as energy source in the diets of starter broilers production. The fermented cocoyam was used to replace maize at various levels to determine the best replacement would give optimal performance in starter broilers diets. One hundred and fifty 150 day old Agrited starter broilers were used for this experiment,. The proximate composition of fermented cocoyam tuber meal (FCYM) showed that it contained 19.5% moisture, 1.30% ash, 3.56% Crude protein, 5.30% crude fibre, 1.9% ether extract and 25.48% NFE. In the starter feeding trial, the fermented cocoyam was used to replace maize at levels of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% respectively in the control diet. Each starter diet was fed to a group of 30 broilers chicks for four weeks using completely randomized design. Each treatment was divided into three replicates of 10 broiler chicks each. Parameters measured include initial body weight, final body weight, body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and cost of production. In the starter feeding trial, the starter broilers on 25% FCYM compared favorably with those on the control diet (P>0.05) in terms of feed intake, feed conversion ratio and body weight gain and hence recorded the higher body weight gain. The cost per kg feed produced was N182.50 for the control diet and the lowest was diet 5 (100% FCYM) which was N82.74. The cost of production (cost/kg feed x feed conversion ratio) of starter broilers per kg body weight gain was lowest for diet 5 (100% FCYM) (N158.86), while the costliest was those on the control diet (N383.25). The results of the trial have shown that fermentation of cocoyam tuber meal for 4 days for formulating starter broiler diets was quite an effective method of processing because fermentation reduced the anti-nutrients content. It was concluded that fermented cocoyam tuber meal could be used in the diets of starter broilers up to 25% without affecting body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio as indicated in this study.

scholarly journals Performance, nutrient digestibility and cost evaluation of raw and roasted Afzelia africana seed meal fed finisher broiler chicks

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
C. O. Obun ◽  
B. A. Ayanwale
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Afzelia Africana

Ninety-nine, 28 day-old broilers were used to investigate the effect of raw and roasted Afzelia Africana seed meal (AASM) on performance, apparent nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention and cost of broiler production under deep litter system of management for 35 days in the finisher phase. The birds were allotted to three treatments with 33 birds. Each treatment was replicated three times (11 birds per replicate). The data collected were feed intake and body weight gain. Protein efficiency ratio (PER), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and apparent nutrient digestibility were also calculated. The results obtained revealed that chicks fed control (A) diet were significantly (P<0.05) higher in weight gain and feed intake than others. Superior (P<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), daily feed cost and feed cost per kg weight gain were obtained in roasted dehulled AASM(C) diet when compared to the control and raw AASM diets. The apparent nutrient digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fibre, ash, nitrogen free extract and nitrogen retention of roasted diet compared favourably with that of the control diet. The row AASM (B) diet depressed performance and nutrient retention values. The cost per kg diet and cost per live weight gain reduced significantly (P<P.05) in AASM based diets when compared to the control diet. However, the control diet significantly (P<0.05) increased the revenue generated and gross profit when compared to AASM based diets. Based on the results of this study, it is recommended that higher levels of roasted AASM may have some benefits. 

scholarly journals Performance and carcass characteristics of weaner pigs fed dietary raw bambarra nut offal

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-350
Author(s):  
U. Okah ◽  
K. C. Ubochi ◽  
P. O. Uzoma
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Protein Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Weaner Pigs

A 56-day feeding trial using twelve (12) crossbred weaner pigs of 8 weeks of age and average weight of 10.58±17kg were used to investigate the effect of different dietary levels of raw bambara groundnut offal on their growth and carcass characteristics. Four diets were formulated to contain raw bambara groundnut offal at 0, 10, 20 and 30%, designated T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. The weaner pigs were randomly assigned to the four (4) diets in a completely randomized design (CRD) experiment. Chemical composition of the test ingredient and diets were analysed. Data collected include feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and economics of production. The carcass characteristics were also evaluated. The proximate composition of the experimental diets revealed that the crude protein and ether extract contents of the diets decreased with increased levels of raw BGO in the diets, but the converse was true for crude fibre and ash contents. The results indicated significant differences (p< 0.05) in daily weight gain (DWG). feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, cost (N) /kg of seed and cost (N)/kg weight gain. The values were. 0.34, 0.29, 0.28 and 0.22kg for DWG, 3.03, 3.62, 3.55 and 4.30 for FCR in T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. Protein efficiency ratio, values were 1.84, 1.54, 1.57 and 1.29. Cost/kg of feed values were 75.69, 70.13, 64.56 and 56.10, and cost (N)/kg weight gain were 229.32, 253.86, 229.20 and 253.69 for the treatments respectively. The results of the carcass evaluation indicated significant differences (p< 0.05) for ham and trotters. The values were 0.31, 0.35, 0.37 and 0.32 for ham in T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. The values of trotters were, 64.6.56.99, 56.98 and 53.66 among the treatments. For organs characteristics, the results indicated significant differences (p< 0.05) for lung, kidney, liver and spleen. The values of the lungs were, 11.20. 11.25. 9.40 and 8.97 among the treatments. The values of kidney and liver were, 3.34, 2.86, 3.72 and 3.14, and 24.28, 28.57, 22.55 and 27.70 respectively. The inclusion of up to 20% raw BGO in the diet of weaner pigs recorded comparable daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and cost/kg weight gain with the group fed the control (0%raw BGO). Further studies involving heat treatment of the BGO might be necessary to improved nutrient utilization by the animals, and also increase inclusion level.

scholarly journals Growth performance of starter broilers fed processed cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) as energy source in place of maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-237
Author(s):  
B. C. Anyaegbu ◽  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
R. J. Nosike ◽  
M. C. Orji
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Xanthosoma Sagittifolium

Considering the inherent attributes of cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium), its appropriate utilization for chicken diets may enhance performance of starter broilers. The study was therefore, carried out to determine the growth performance of starter broilers fed processed cocoyam tuber meal as energy source in place of maize. Xanthosoma cocoyam corms were harvested, cleaned of soil and chopped into bits of about 0.2 cm. The chopped tannia was soaked in water in a large vat for 24 hours to reduce the ant nutrients and later on separated from the water and dried with microwave oven. The dried cocoyam was milled and then used. The proximate chemical composition showed that soaked cocoyam tuber meal contained 8.05% moisture, 91.95% dry matter, 10.08% ash, 2.01% crude protein, 1.60% ether extract, 3.80% crude fibre, 74.46% NFE and 3158.92Kcal/kg DM metabolizable energy. In the starter broiler experiment, five experimental diets were formulated such that, diet 1 (control) contained yellow maize as the main energy source, while soaked CTM was used to replace maize at levels of 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% respectively in the control diet. Each starter diet was fed to a group of 30 broiler chicks for 4 weeks using completely randomized design. Each treatment was further grouped into 3 replicates of 10 birds each. The broiler chicks were kept in deep litter and given feed and water ad libitum. Parameters measured included initial body weight, final body weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio and cost of production. In the starter feeding trial, the group on 30% soaked CTM (30% SCYM) compared favorably with the control group (P<0.05) and recorded the highest body weight gain. It appeared that, the starter broilers could tolerate high levels of soaked CTM in their diets. Cost of production (cost of feed x feed conversion ratio) was lowest for diet 5 (30% SCYM) N248.15 as against N281.86 for control diet in the starter feeding trial. CTM meal can be used to replace maize at 30% in the diets of starter broilers without affecting weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio as indicated in the study.

scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of anaerobically fermented/lyle treated and roasted Delonix regia seed meal as a replacement for groundnut cake in broiler diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-172
Author(s):  
S. S. A. Egena ◽  
S. K. Yahaya ◽  
E.L Shiawoya ◽  
A. Usman
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Delonix Regia ◽  
Broiler Diet

This experiment was curried out to evaluate the replacement value of anaerobically fermented/lyle treated and rodsted Delonix regia seed nieal in broiler diet. 180 day- old broiler chicks of the Hubbard breed were used for the experiment. The experimental period spanned 63 days. The birds were randomly allotted to six treatment groups designated as TT, TT, T and 7 respectively Each treatment was replicated three times in a completely randomized design. The data collected were on feed intake, body weight, body weight guin und feed conversion ratio. The results obtained showed that men body weight, mean bod weight guin, mean feed intake and mean feed conversion ratio were not significantly affected (P>0.05) al the starter phase of the experiment although birds fed the Delonix regia seed meal based diets performed better than those fed the control diet except in feed utilization. Mean feed intake, meu hody weight gain and mean feed conversion ratio were affected significantly (P<0.05) at the finisher phase of the experiment. Birds fed T, ingested more feed (946.00) followed by those fed 7,(940.70), T. (920.80), T, 1919.60), T (907.10) and T, (740.10). Birds fed 7, had better body weight gain (308.55) followed by those fed T (308.03), T. (282.58), T. (267.95), T, (266.35) and T, (210.08) in that order. Utilization of feed during this phase of the experiment was better in birds fed the untreated diet (2.98), followed by those fed the treated dies (T. - 3.05, T, = 3.35, 7, = 3.+1, T = 3.43) while those fed the control diet least utilized the feed (3.52). It was concluded that well treated, Delonix regia seed meal could be incorporated in broiler diet up to 7.5% without any deleterious effect on their performance. 

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