scholarly journals Assessment of Crop Residue Mulches on Morphological Traits and Yield of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) in North Bihar Region

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Abhishek Pratap Singh ◽  
M. D. Ojha ◽  
Seema Kumari ◽  
Divya Tiwari ◽  
Mahender Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Neem Leaves ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Number Of Branches

Organic mulches are easily available and cheap in North Bihar region. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to find out the suitability of different types of organic mulches in tomato cultivation. Among the vegetables tomato cultivation faces challenges in producing crop without chemicals for effective weed control. Use of several kinds of mulches gives the opportunity to control weeds effectively, regulate soil temperature and also lower down evaporation from the soil. The experiment was conducted in Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jalalgarh, Purnea during 2015 and 2016. The treatments were designed by using different organic materials as mulch i.e. pea straw, dry neem leaves, paddy straw and one control without mulch. The observations were recorded on plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, days to 50% flowering, average fruit weight (gm) and total fruit yield (q/ha). The mulches were spread after twenty days of the transplanting of tomato seedlings in 10 cm thick layer. The result of the experiment indicates that organic mulches reduced soil temperature and weed infestation. All these enhanced the growth and fruit yield of tomato as well as weed control, soil moisture conservation and temperature modification resulted good crop growth with more quality fruit yield.

scholarly journals Studies on production potential of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) in sodic soil under varying agronomic manipulations

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 368-374
Author(s):  
Angrej Ali ◽  
B. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Cape Gooseberry ◽  
Number Of Branches

Present study aimed to evaluate the production potential of cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) in sodic soil (pH 8.56) under varying plant spacing and soil fertility levels. The spacing treatments were S1-75 x 60 cm, S2-75 x 75 cm and S3-90 x 75 cm, while native soil fertility was manipulated through the application of NPK fertilizers i.e. F0-control (no NPK fertilizers), F1 - 60:40:40, F2 - 80:60:60, and F3 - 100:80:80 kg NPK ha-1. Two year’s data from the study revealed that spacing and NPK treatment had significant effect on vegetative growth and fruit yield during both the years. Closest spacing (75 x 60 cm) resulted tallest plants (103.41 and 100.35 cm) and maximum fruit yield (86.69 and 83.56 q ha-1), but this treatment was statistically at par with 75 x 75 cm spacing. Widest spacing (90 x 75cm) resulted maximum number of branches (34.14 and 32.49 plant-1), number of leaves (167.31 and 162.70 plant-1) and average fruit weight (9.26 and 9.18 g), but was statistically at par with 75 x 75 cm spacing. Amongst the fertilizer treatments, application of NPK @100:80:80 kg ha-1 resulted maximum plant height (114.88 and 11.65 cm), number of branches (35.78 and 34.82 plant-1), number of leaves (174.82 and 172.55 plant-1), fruit weight (9.62 and 9.57 g) and fruit yield (101.08 and 98.08 q ha-1). Biochemical quality of fruits (TSS, ascorbic acid, acidity, and reducing, non-reducing and total sugars) was increased due to increased fertility level and recorded maximum with the application of 100:80:80 kg NPK ha-1. These findings will be helpful in exploring cape gooseberry cultivation in sodic soils (pH 8.56) through suitable agronomic manipulations in plant spacing and soil fertility levels.

scholarly journals Variability Parameters of Yield and Quality Attributes in Bitter Gourd (Momordica charantia L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 172-177
Author(s):  
Som Prakash ◽  
R. S. Verma ◽  
R. B. Ram ◽  
Bhag Chand Shivran ◽  
Harvindra Pal
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Marketable Fruit ◽  
Number Of Branches

The experiment of the present research work was conducted during summer season of 2018-19 and 2019-20 at Horticulture Research Farm-I, Department of Horticulture, School of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Vidya-Vihar, Rae Bareli Road, Lucknow (U.P.), India. The analysis of variance clearly reveals significant differences among the genotypes for all characters. The observations recorded on various characters showed that the estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were higher than genotypic coefficient variation (GCV) for all characters. The high phenotypic as well as genotypic coefficient of variation were observed in marketable fruit yield per plant (39.36%) followed by average fruit weight (29.73%) and number of branches per plant (27.18%). High estimates of heritability were recorded for different characters viz., average fruit weight (98.6%) followed by total soluble solids (97.8%), total sugars (97.7%) and days to anthesis of first pistillate flowers (97.2%). The parameters which observed were found to be very high estimate value of genetic advance in per cent of mean of (60.14%) average fruit weight (60.14%) followed by titratable acidity (53.73%), number of branches per plant (53.47%), total soluble solids (52.81%) and marketable fruit yield per plant (47.87%).

Genetic diversity among landraces of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) from north east India

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-488
Author(s):  
Dhiman Chakraborty ◽  
Mukul Kumar ◽  
Lobsang Wangchu ◽  
Siddhartha Singh ◽  
AK Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Diversity Pattern ◽  
North East ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Branches

Twenty eight diverse landraces collected from various parts of North Eastern Region of India along with two checks were evaluated to study the diversity pattern among the genotypes on 17 morphological traits. High magnitude of genotypic coefficients of variation (GCV) and heritability coupled with high genetic gain were observed for average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant, number of fruits per plant, fruit length, number of branches per plant, number of seeds per fruit and 100 seed weight. However, these parameters were moderate for early fruit harvest and total soluble solids (TSS). Thirty genotypes were grouped into 6 clusters which showed intercluster D2 values ranging between 115.81 and 670.08. Grouping of genotypes of same location in different clusters indicated that the geographical diversity may not necessarily be related to genetic diversity. The cumulative contribution (82.28%) of fruit weight, 100-seed weight, number of branches per plant and fruit yield per plant to the total divergence indicate the importance of these traits in choice of parents for hybridization programme in cucumber.

scholarly journals Mulching with almond hull and olive leaves for weed control in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and flower beds

Italus Hortus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
Mariano Fracchiolla ◽  
Eugenio Cazzato ◽  
Cesare Lasorella ◽  
Salvatore Camposeo ◽  
Stefano Popolizio
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Thick Layer ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Mechanical Activity ◽  
Olive Leaves ◽  
Foeniculum Vulgare ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Weed Infestation

Weeds are a major problem in cropping systems and in urban areas. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of organic mulching with olive leaves and almond hulls to control weeds in fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) and in flower beds (urban areas). A 3-cm thick layer of olive leaves or almond hulls was applied as mulching material in fennel. Control consisted of both an unmulched treatment and a weed free control. Moreover, in a flower bed of a railway station, plots mulched with 3 cm layer of olive leaves and almond hulls were compared with an unmulched treatment. Weed infestation was evaluated and the weights of the whole plant and of the marketable part of fennel (grumolo) measured. Mulching with olive leaves and almond hulls reduced weed infestation in both vegetable crop and flower beds. However, olive leaves reduced the weights of the whole plant and of the grumolo. The adoption of almond hulls and olive leaves as organic mulches could be an effective strategy for weed control. Further investigations should be carried out to assess whether the effectiveness of these mulching materials is mainly due to a mechanical activity or allelopathic compounds also play a significant role in weed suppression

scholarly journals Influence of Deficit Irrigation on Biometric Parameters of Capsicum Crop under Polyhouse Conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 341-347
Author(s):  
Jaripiti Trivikrama Raju ◽  
G. Muralee Krishna ◽  
H. V. Hema Kumar ◽  
P. Sumathi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Number Of Branches

The influence of different deficit irrigations on capsicum crop biometric parameters and fruit yield were assessed in an experiment the variety ‘Indra’ was tested using completely randomized block design with three deficit irrigations (0.50, 0.75 and 1.0 ETC) and 5 replications in polyhouse and 1.0 ETC in open field conditions. The biometric parameters namely plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, number of days to flowering; number of days to harvesting, number of fruits per plant, individual fruit weight and fruit yield are measured. From the results, observed that, average of plant height (91.23 cm), number of leaves (91.3), number of branches (6.9), number of days to flowering (32.7), number of days to harvest (71), fruit number per plant (7), individual fruit weight (75.99 g) and yield (6466.66 t ha-1) parameters found higher in 1.0 ETC (T1), but in case of water productivity (12.4 kg ha-1 mm-1) in the treatment (T2) 0.75 ETC showed superiority. From the results, it is determined that by adopting the 0.75 ETC (T2) we can save the water up to 25%. Aims: The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of deficit irrigation in biometric parameters of capsicum. Study Design:  Completely randomized block design. Place and Duration of Study: Experiment conducted during January to May 2018 at Agriculture farm, College of Agricultural Engineering, Madakasira located in Rayalaseema region. Methodology: Physical and chemical properties of field were found by using standard methods. The experiment was arranged using CRD design with three levels of irrigation and five replications. Fertigation was done with 250:150:150 kg/ha recommended doses of N:P:K to capsicum crop. Based on climatological approach (evapotranspiration basis) the quantity of water applied. All the recommended cultural practices selection of cultivars, nursery raising, land preparation, laying drip lines, fumigation, fertilizer application, transplanting, pruning, training and plant protection measures are removing affected plant parts, flowers, fruits and for thrips and aphids management are dicofol (2 ml/L) and imidacloprid (0.5 ml/l) standardized for polyhouse were followed time to time to ensure a healthy crop stand. Crop water requirement was determined by using AquaCrop model. The parameters viz., plant height, number of leaves per plant and number of branches per plant were recorded at 30, 60, 90, 120 days after transplanting and at harvest. The collected data of different parameters during the course of research were analysed as per the completely randomized design (CRD) by applying the technique of analysis of variance procedure. Results: Among all the treatments, Irrigation with 100% Crop Evapotranspiration (1.0 ETc) (T1) registered the highest plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, number of days required to harvesting, number of days required to flowering, fruit number, average fruit weight and fruit yield, followed by 0.75 ETc (T2), 0.5 ETc (T3) and open field conditions. This might be due to good soil moisture distribution in drip irrigation compared to the open field. From the observed parameters it is exhibited that drip irrigation 0.75 ETC recorded as the higher water productivity (12.4 kg ha-1 mm-1) followed by drip irrigation scheduled at 1.0 ETC (11.49 kg ha-1 mm-1), 0.5 ETC (11.07 kg ha-1 mm-1) and open field (1.38 kg ha-1 mm-1) recorded very less. Conclusion: By adopting T2 (0.75 ETC) irrigation treatment we can save the water up to 25%, by using saved water additional quantity of vegetables can be produced.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sixteen Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Genotypes in Derived Savannah Environment Using Path Coefficient Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Chikezie O. ENE ◽  
Peter E. OGBONNA ◽  
Christian U. AGBO ◽  
Uche P. CHUKWUDI
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Ecological Zone ◽  
Early Season ◽  
Late Season ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Positive Direct ◽  
Number Of Branches

Sixteen exotic and indigenous cucumber genotypes (Cucumis sativus L.) were evaluated under early and late seasons planting. This was to characterize the cucumber genotypes based on their performance in the derived savannah of Southeast Nigeria agro-ecological zone and estimate character association and contribution towards total fruit yield per hectare. The vegetative traits, such as vine length, number of branches, number of leaves and leaf area were measured at 8 weeks after planting. The phonological traits measured were: days to flower initiation and days to 50% flowering. The reproductive traits like number of staminate flowers per plant, number of pistillate flowers per plant, fruit length, fruit girth, fruit weight per plant, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight and total fruit yield per hectare were also recorded. Obtained data was subjected to analysis of variance in randomized complete block design and path analysis. The results showed a highly significant difference (p<0.01) among the genotypes in all the traits studied in both seasons. ‘Beit Alpha’ genotype gave the highest fruit yield/ha in early season planting, while in the late season, the highest yield producer was ‘Ashely’. In both seasons, vine length, number of branches and leaves, leaf area, number of pistillate and staminate flowers/plant, number of fruit and fruit weight/plant showed positive and significant correlation with total fruit yield/ha. In both seasons, the highest positive direct effect on yield was recorded in fruit weight/plant. Significantly (p<0.05), the highest total fruit yield/ha was recorded in the early rainy season planting in this agro ecological zone. Based on high fruit yield, ‘Beit Alpha’ genotype for early season planting and ‘Ashley’ genotype for late season are recommended for cultivation in the Derived Savannah, Southeast Nigeria agro ecological zone. 

scholarly journals Yield and Yield Related Parameters of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Treated with Paclobutrazol at Different Stages in North West Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Walelegn Endegena
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Tomato Seedlings

The effects of Paclobutrazol (PBZ) on fruit yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentumMill.) were investigated by spraying it on tomato seedlings grown in an open field. The treatments were 5 x 2 factorial combinations including five rates of PBZ (control, 1 kg ha-1, 2 kg ha-1, 3 kg ha-1and 4 kg ha-1) and two times of application (at 2 to 4 and 6 to 8 true leaf growth stages of tomato seedlings), arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design, each treatment replicated three times. The objective of the study was to characterize the effect of rate and time of application of PBZ on the yield and yield related parameters of tomato. Time and rate of application of PBZ significantly increased harvest index, yield concentration and index of economic earliness, and decreased fruit set percentage, pericarp thickness, fruit diameter and percentage of class one fruit. Irrespective of the time of application, an increase in the rate of PBZ compared to the control significantly increased days to fruit maturity. Time and rate of application of PBZ were significantly interacted to increase; unmarketable fruit yield but decrease means fruit weight. Compared to the control, the interaction effects also produced two significant trends of variations on fruit yield per plant, fruit dry weight per plant, marketable fruit yield and total fruit yield. Significant reduction in yields was observed for diluted concentrations like 1 and 2 kg/ha a.i. of PBZ in the second time of application and 1 kg/ha a.i. of PBZ in the first time of application, whereas all other treatments produced significantly higher yields than the controls. On the contrary, time and rate of application of PBZ were found to be effective in improving economic earliness of tomato. As a whole, time and rate of application of PBZ resulted in two significant trends of variations (increasing and decreasing) on fruit yields of tomato. Hence, it could be possible to propose that more assimilate reallocation to the fruits are significant advantage of PBZ treatments contributing to the improvement of seedling quality at planting for increased seedling survival rate, better stress protection, early and more fruit production.

scholarly journals Plant Density and Herbicides Affect Cucumber Productivity

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack E. Staub ◽  
Larry D. Knerr ◽  
Herbert J. Hopen
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Cucumis Sativus ◽  
Inbred Line ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Normal Leaf

The growth and yield of three cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) genotypes were evaluated in 1987 and 1988 using three planting arrangements and four weed control treatments. A monoecious, indeterminate, normal leaf cultivar, Calypso, a gynoecious, normal leaf size determinate × monoecious determinate F1 hybrid (UW 11234), and a gynoecious, determinate little leaf inbred line (WI 50476) were evaluated for fruit yield at a 30-cm equidistant (109,000 plants/ha), a 20-cm equidistant (242,000 plants/ha), and a 43-cm row (272,000 plants/ha) spacing. Weed control treatments consisted of an unweeded control, naptalam benzoic acid at 6.7 kg ae/ha, chloramben at 4.5 kg ae/ha, and the herbicides in combination. Although number and weight of fruit per hectare increased with increasing plant density, fruit weight per plant decreased with increasing density. Fruit harvested from plants in unweeded control plots were significantly smaller than those in herbicide-treated plots, and fruit yield of unweeded control plots was lower than in nonweedy plots in 1987. In 1987, plants in plots treated with naptalam produced smaller fruit than plants in plots treated with chloramben or chloramben plus naptalam. Although fruit yield per plant in 1987 was similar in chloramben plots with or without naptalam and generally higher than that of plots treated only with naptalam, fruit yields from naptalam-treated plants were highest in 1988. `Calypso' usually produced more and larger fruit than the determinate genotypes. Based on comparisons of fruit per plant under comparable spacings, productivity of WI 5047G was often lower and its fruit were smaller than those of normal leaf genotypes. Plants of WI 5047G may not attain the source capacity needed for adequate fruit growth before the onset of anthesis, thus producing smaller fruit. Chemical names used: (2-[(1-naphtalenylamino)carbonyl)benzoic acid (naptalam); 3-amino-2,5dichlorobenzoic acid (chloramben).

CONSTRUCTING A DEMONSTRATION VEGETABLE GARDEN

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 671f-671
Author(s):  
M. Marutani ◽  
R. Quitugua ◽  
C. Simpson ◽  
R. Crisostomo
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Crop Cover ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The University

A demonstration vegetable garden was constructed for students in elementary, middle and high schools to expose them to agricultural science. On Charter Day, a University-wide celebration, students were invited to the garden on the University campus. The purpose of this project was twofold: (1) for participants to learn how to make a garden and (2) for visitors to see a variety of available crops and cultural techniques. Approximately 30 vegetable crops were grown. The garden also presented some cultural practices to improve plant development, which included weed control by solarization, mulching, a drip irrigation system, staking, shading and crop cover. Different types of compost bins were shown and various nitrogen-fixing legumes were displayed as useful hedge plants for the garden.

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