The Anthropocene Dialogues on Climate Change to Human Health of Homosapiens in India

The Anthropocene has succeeded the 11700 years old Holocene epoch from 1945. Biological annihilation about 6th mass extinction from Holocene to present is well marked but less documented though the human dominance over bio-geo-hydro spheres has been established. IUCN is the footage of the floral/ faunal species from mammals to microorganisms. Many natural disasters, killer IAS and pandemic viruses are targeting human immune system. The 21st century virulent diseases are the HIV/AIDS, SARS, MERS, Swine flu. Corona viruses are not novice whereas COVID-19 viruses are mutation of old corona viruses. It is necessary to study the COVID-19 as one of the players of the 6th Mass extinction. Present work envisages the 6th mass extinction processes in India from the Holocene to present epoch. There is gradual endangering the aboriginal species, pathogens and viral species. The geospatial extinction process of 1200 years gathered from different sources and synchronized in the India’s time frame. The present outbreak of the killer COVID-19 has triggered threat to very human existence in mid latitudes affecting 5.0 millon and fatalities 325K people over 215 countries and two ships in the globe and 101 thousand confirmed cases and 3.3K people in India (till 20.05.2020).The pandemic has paralyzed the human’s social, economic, political activities and deteriorated world economy since last four months. The viral invasion is geospatially delimiting the climate change, extreme events, economy, sociology and mass immunity of the vibrant urban demography.

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The perils and dangers of these knights (and undead peasants): Interpreting English and Scottish Extent Rolls of 1297–1305

Journal of Scottish Historical Studies ◽

10.3366/jshs.2016.0166 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 13-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. Donnelly

Keyword(s):

Social History ◽

Economic History ◽

Time Frame ◽

Compte Rendu ◽

History Of ◽

Different Sources

Medieval Scottish economic and social history has held little interest for a unionist establishment but, just when a recovery of historic independence begins to seem possible, this paper tackles a (perhaps the) key pre-1424 source. It is compared with a Rutland text, in a context of foreign history, both English and continental. The Berwickshire text is not, as was suggested in 2014, a ‘compte rendu’ but rather an ‘extent’, intended to cross-check such accounts. Read alongside the Rutland roll, it is not even a single ‘compte’ but rather a palimpsest of different sources and times: a possibility beyond earlier editorial imaginings. With content falling (largely) within the time-frame of the PoMS project (although not actually included), when the economic history of Scotland in Europe is properly explored, the sources discussed here will be key and will offer an interesting challenge to interpretation. And some surprises about their nature and date.

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A “Natural” Proposal for Addressing Climate Change

Ethics & International Affairs ◽

10.1017/s0892679414000434 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (3) ◽

pp. 359-363 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Thomas E. Lovejoy

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Greenhouse Gases ◽

Ethical Issues ◽

Time Lag ◽

Radiant Heat ◽

Time Frame ◽

Future Generations ◽

Considerable Time ◽

Long Time

One of the fundamental challenges of climate change is that we contribute to it increment by increment, and experience it increment by increment after a considerable time lag. As a consequence, it is very difficult to see what we are doing to ourselves, to future generations, and to the living planet as a whole. There are monumental ethical issues involved, but they are obscured by the incremental nature of the process and the long time frame before reaching the concentration of greenhouse gases and the ensuing accumulation of radiant heat—and consequent climate change—that ensues.

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High-precision U-Pb CA-TIMS calibration of Middle Permian to Lower Triassic sequences, mass extinction and extreme climate-change in eastern Australian Gondwana

Gondwana Research ◽

10.1016/j.gr.2014.09.002 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 61-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 107

Author(s):

I. Metcalfe ◽

J.L. Crowley ◽

R.S. Nicoll ◽

M. Schmitz

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

High Precision ◽

Mass Extinction ◽

Lower Triassic ◽

Middle Permian ◽

Extreme Climate

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Development of downscaled Climate Change Scenarios for Central America. Lessons learned and next steps

10.5194/ems2021-99 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jorge Tamayo ◽

Ernesto Rodriguez-Camino ◽

Sara Covaleda

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Central America ◽

Essential Element ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Second Phase ◽

Climate Change Scenarios ◽

Definition Of ◽

Hydrological Services ◽

Different Sources

The intersectoral workshop held in December 2016 among the Ibero-American networks on water (CODIA), climate change (RIOCC) and meteorology (CIMHET) identified the need to dispose of downscaled climate change scenarios for Central America. Such scenarios would be developed by National Meteorological and Hydrological Services (NMHS) in the region, based on a common methodology, allowing the assessment of climate change impacts on water resources and extreme hydro-meteorological events.One final outcome of the project has been a freely accessible web viewer, installed on the Centro Clima webpage (https://centroclima.org/escenarios-cambio-climatico/), managed by CRRH-SICA, where all information generated during the project is available for consultation and data downloading by the different sectors of users.A key element in this project has been to integrate many downscaled projections based on different methods (dynamical and statistical), totalizing 45 different projections, and aiming at estimating the uncertainty coming from different sources in the best possible way.Another essential element has been the strong involvement of the different user sectors through national workshops, first, at the beginning of the project for the identification and definition of viewer features the project, and then for the presentation of results and planning of its use by prioritized sectors.In a second phase of the project, a regional working group made up of experts from the NMHSs will be in charge of viewer maintenance and upgrade, including new sectoral parameters, developed in collaboration with interested users, and computation and addition of new downscaled projections from CMIP 6 in collaboration with AEMET.Finally, following the request of CIMHET, the possibility of replicating this project for other areas of Ibero-America is being evaluated.

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Ocean euxinia and climate change “double whammy” drove the Late Ordovician mass extinction

Geology ◽

10.1130/g40121.1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (6) ◽

pp. 535-538 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Caineng Zou ◽

Zhen Qiu ◽

Simon W. Poulton ◽

Dazhong Dong ◽

Hongyan Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Mass Extinction ◽

Late Ordovician

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Anthropocene: A Very Short Introduction

10.1093/actrade/9780198792987.001.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Erle C. Ellis

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Mass Extinction ◽

Scientific Community ◽

Geological Time ◽

Short Introduction ◽

Geological Record ◽

Species Invasions ◽

Rapid Climate Change ◽

The Relationship

Humanity’s impact on the planet has been profound. From fire, intensive hunting, and agriculture, it has accelerated into rapid climate change, widespread pollution, plastic accumulation, species invasions, and the mass extinction of species—changes that have left a permanent mark in the geological record of the rocks. Yet the proposal for a new unit of geological time—the Anthropocene Epoch—has raised debate far beyond the scientific community. The Anthropocene has emerged as a powerful new narrative of the relationship between humans and nature. Anthropocene: A Very Short Introduction draws on the work of geologists, geographers, environmental scientists, archaeologists, and humanities scholars to explain the science and wider implications of the Anthropocene.

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Natural vs. Anthropic Influence on the Multidecadal Shoreline Changes of Mediterranean Urban Beaches: Lessons from the Gulf of Cagliari (Sardinia)

Water ◽

10.3390/w12123578 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (12) ◽

pp. 3578

Author(s):

Manuela Biondo ◽

Carla Buosi ◽

Daniele Trogu ◽

Hannah Mansfield ◽

Matteo Vacchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Time Frame ◽

Western Mediterranean ◽

Coastal Development ◽

Climate Change Scenarios ◽

Statistical Parameters ◽

Temporal Shift ◽

Erosion Processes ◽

Urban Beaches

Urban Mediterranean beaches are often characterized by a fragile and unstable equilibrium that can be easily altered by ongoing climate change and by the increase in human pressure. This may pose serious threats to the survival of beach systems that cannot accommodate these modifications. In this paper, the spatio-temporal shift of the shoreline was investigated along two urban beaches in the Gulf of Cagliari (Poetto and Giorgino; southern Sardinia, western Mediterranean Sea) across a time frame of 62 years (1954–2016). The Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) ArcGIS™ extension was used to extract different statistical parameters which allowed us to quantify the erosion and accretion rates. These data were further examined in relation to a number of anthropic and natural forcings in order to disentangle the factors controlling shoreline evolution. Eight sectors with interchanging net erosive and accretion trends were identified along the Poetto and Giorgino beaches. In six decades, some sectors of the two study sites appeared to have undergone great shoreline modification as a result of the intense anthropogenic activities impacting these coastal areas. The westernmost portions of both beaches were found to be the most vulnerable to erosion processes; such conditions were likely controlled by the interplaying of local hydrodynamics and by the intense coastal development which affected these sectors. The highest retreat rates (mean end point rate (EPR) = −0.51/year) were recorded in the western limit of Giorgino beach. Along the western limit of Poetto beach, EPR erosion rates (mean EPR = −2.92/year) considerably increased in the years after the artificial beach nourishment carried out in 2002, suggesting that the majority of the nourished material was lost offshore or partly redistributed along the beach. Coastal structures, urban development, river catchment modification, industrial and port activities, beach cleaning and touristic and recreational activities have been identified as the ongoing causes of coastal alteration. If these factors remain constant, under projected climate change scenarios, these beaches are at risk of further increased flooding and erosion. In this context, the application of DSAS appeared as an essential tool, supporting a monitoring system able to provide understanding and, potentially, predictions of the short- to long-term evolution of these beach systems.

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Combining temperature rate and level perspectives in emission metrics

10.5194/esd-2017-25 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Borgar Aamaas ◽

Terje K. Berntsen ◽

Jan S. Fuglestvedt ◽

Glen P. Peters

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Time Frame ◽

Rate Of Change ◽

Baseline Scenario ◽

Natural Systems ◽

Time Period ◽

Global Temperature Change ◽

Temperature Rate ◽

Dangerous Anthropogenic Interference ◽

Selection Of

Abstract. The ultimate goal of the United Framework Convention on Climate Change, which is reconfirmed by the Paris Agreement, is to stabilize the climate change at level that prevents dangerous anthropogenic interference, and it should be achieved within a time frame that allow the natural systems to adapt. Numerous emission metrics have been developed and applied in relation to the first target, while very few metrics have focused on the second target regarding rate of change. We present here a simple and analytical physical emission metric based on the rate of global temperature change and link that to a metric based on a target for the temperature level. The rate of change perspective either can supplement the level target or can be considered together in one commitment that needs one combined metric. Both emission metrics depend on assumptions on a temperature baseline scenario. We give some illustrations on how this framework can be used, such as different temperature rate and level constraints based on the Representative Concentration Pathways. The selection of the time horizon, for what time period and length the rate constraint is binding, and how to weight the rate and level metrics are discussed. For a combined metric, the values for short-lived climate forcers are larger in periods where the critical rate is binding, with larger temporal increases during the rate constraint period as the atmospheric perturbation timescale of the species becomes shorter. Global CO2 emissions remain the most important, or among the most important, drivers of temperature rates even during periods of binding rate constraints.

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Environmental Exigencies and the Efficient Voter Rule

Economies ◽

10.3390/economies8040100 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 100

Author(s):

David A. Anderson

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Mass Extinction ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Pigouvian Taxes ◽

Optimal Decisions ◽

Private Incentives ◽

Manufactured Goods ◽

Energy Transportation ◽

Coasian Bargaining ◽

Voting Mechanism

Externality problems hinder solutions to existential threats, including climate change and mass extinction. To avert environmental crises, policymakers seek mechanisms that align private incentives with societal exigencies. Successful solutions bring individuals to internalize the broad repercussions of their behavior. In some cases, privatization, Coasian bargaining, or Pigouvian taxes effectively place the weight of externalities on the relevant decision makers. Yet, the available remedies often fail to provide satisfactory outcomes, and inefficiencies persist in the markets for energy, transportation, and manufactured goods, among others. This article explains how a simple voting mechanism can achieve socially optimal decisions about many of the innumerable externality problems that remain.

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