scholarly journals Direct and Residual Effect of Integrated Nitrogen Management on Physico-Chemical Properties of Soil

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-99
Author(s):  
D. K. D. Deekshitha ◽  
Sujani Rao, Ch ◽  
P. V. Subbaiah ◽  
M. Martin Luther ◽  
V. Srinivasa Rao
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Kharif Season ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Integrated Nitrogen Management ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Aim: To find out the direct and residual effect of integrated nitrogen management on physico-chemical properties of soil under rice – maize cropping system. Study Design: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design during kharif season and in split plot design during rabi crop. Place and Duration of Study: At Agricultural college farm, Bapatla during 2018-19 and 2019-20 in Kharif and rabi seasons. Methodology: After the preliminary layout, paddy was sown in kharif and maize was sown in rabi season. Vermicompost and green leaf manure were applied two weeks before sowing of paddy. Treatments applied for paddy were considered as main plots and each one divided into two sub plots during rabi. Results: Applications of different treatments did not show any significant difference in physico-chemical properties of soil (pH and EC) at all the growth stages of rice and maize during both the years of study. Application of 75% RDN through green leaf manure + 25% RDN through inorganics (T5) to rice during kharif significantly improved organic carbon in both kharif and rabi seasons whereas different levels of fertilizers applied have not shown an significant influence on soil organic carbon content. Conclusion: Application of inorganic fertilizers, organic manures and their combination didn’t show marked difference on physico-chemical properties of soil like pH and EC. However substitution of 75% N through GLM in kharif season significantly improved OC content in soil during both kharif and rabi and organic carbon content was not influenced by the level of fertilizers from 50% RDF (S1) to100% RDF (S2).

scholarly journals Manipulation of Chemical Properties in Soil under Wetland Rice through Industrial Effluents

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Md. Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Golam Kibria Muhammad Mustafizur Rahman ◽  
Md. Abu Saleque
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Rice Field ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Irrigated Rice

A laboratory experiment was conducted in Soil Science Division of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) during 2010-11 aimed to determine the effects of different industrial effluents on some soil chemical properties under long-term industrial wastewater irrigated rice field. Effluents irrigation created some differences in soil pH, electrical conductivity and organic carbon. The pH in all soil depth was higher with wastewater irrigated rice field. Irrigation with wastewater increased in all the effluents irrigated rice fields; the electrical conductivity (EC) was remarkable higher with  all soil depth than the control field. In all the rice fields soil (Control + effluents irrigated fields), the organic carbon content (%) started to decrease sharply with the increase in soil depth. Organic carbon content was slightly higher with wastewater irrigated rice soils. Exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K and Na), trace elements (Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu) and heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni) were increased through irrigation with wastewater in rice–rice cropping pattern.

scholarly journals Effect of Mineral and Humic Substances on Tailing Soil Properties and Nutrient Uptake by Pennisetum purpureum Schumach

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Adhe Phoppy Wira Etika ◽  
Rahmat Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Humic Material ◽  
Humic Materials

Tin mining produces a by-product sand tailing from soil leaching with characteristic low pH and total organic carbon, and can be reclaimed by providing a suitable ameliorant.  When available in situ, ameliorant materials can be economically used as they are required in large amounts. Fortunately, Bangka Belitung has sample stock of such kaolinite-rich minerals that can be utilized for improving soil chemical properties. Extracted organic materials, such as humic substances, can also be utilized as they influence the complex soil reactions, and promote plant growth. Thus, this study aimed to assess the effects of mineral, humic materials and interaction of both material on soil chemical properties and nutrient uptake of Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. A completely randomized design with 2 factors and 3 replications each was employed. Factor 1 was mineral matter is 0; 420; 840; 1.260 Mg ha-1 while Factor 2 was humic material is 0; 0.46; 0.92; 1.38 kg C ha-1. Air-dried samples of tailing were applied with oil palm compost then mixed evenly with mineral and humic materials.  Penissetum purpureum Schumach was planted after 4 weeks incubation, and maintained for another 4 weeks. The results demonstrated that the addition of mineral matter significantly increased soil organic carbon content, total N, exchangeable K, Fe, Mn and boosted nutrient - total Ca, Mg and Mn – uptake of the plant. But the application of humic material increased only soil organic carbon content. The interaction of both materials only lowered soil pH.

scholarly journals Diversity and density of Collembola as influenced by soil physico-chemical properties in fallow land ecosystem of Assam, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1626-1631
Author(s):  
S. Bhagawati ◽  
◽  
B. Bhattacharyya ◽  
B.K. Medhi ◽  
S. Bhattacharjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Population Analysis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Fallow Land ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Variation Patterns

Aim: To investigate the influence of soil physico-chemical properties on diversity and density of Collembola in an undisturbed fallow land ecosystem. Methodology: Soil sampling was done at monthly intervals to explore the diversity, density and seasonal variation patterns of collembolan population in a fallow land ecosystem during March, 2015 to February, 2016. Collembolans were sampled using Tullgren funnel and identified by standard taxonomic keys. Finally, correlation studies were conducted to assess the influence of different soil physico-chemical properties on diversity and density of collembolans. Results: Five species of Collembola (Cyphoderus sp., Entomobrya sp., Isotoma sp., Folsomia sp. and Hypogastrura sp.) belonging to 4 families (Cyphoderidae, Entomobryidae, Isotomidae and Hypogastruridae) were identified. Cyphoderus sp. was recorded to be the most abundant species contributing 44.29 percent of population. Analysis of different diversity indices revealed higher diversity of collembolans during summer, indicating the presence of relatively stable habitats as compared to other seasons. Summer season also recorded highest density of Collembola. During all the seasons studied, a strong significant positive correlation (P<0.05 and P<0.01) of collembolan population was registered with soil moisture and organic carbon, respectively, however, remaining edaphic factors registered non-significant relationship with the collembolan density and diversity Interpretation: The study clearly indicated that the soil moisture and organic carbon content had a positive relationship with collembolan population and provides a relatively favourable ecological niche for their assemblages.

Influence of physico-chemical properties of soil clay fractions on the retention of dissolved organic carbon

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1335-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandeep Singh ◽  
Binoy Sarkar ◽  
Sabir Hussain ◽  
Yong Sik Ok ◽  
Nanthi S. Bolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Organic Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Soil Clay ◽  
Properties Of Soil

scholarly journals Physico-Chemical Properties and Available N, P, K and S in Soils of Harahua Block of Varanasi district, Uttar Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibha Singh ◽  
◽  
R.P. Singh ◽  
S.K.S. Chandel ◽  
S. K. Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Available N ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Nutrient Index ◽  
Index Value

Soil is an important resource for production system but its productivity is declining day by day due to increasing degradation. The excessive use of fertilizers including agro-chemicals and water under monotonous cropping system to increase the food production, particularly in Indo-Gangetic Plain, resulted in detrimental effect on soil ecosystem (Jagdish Prasad 2004). To maintain the equilibrium in productivity vis-à-vis soil environment, it is necessary to periodically monitor the soil properties and nutrient availability. Soil testing provides information about nutrients availability in soil which forms the basis for the fertilizer recommendation for sustainable production (Doneriya et al. 2013). Present study was conducted to analyze the physico-chemical properties and nutrients in soils of an agriculturally important Harahua block of Varanasi district, Uttar Pradesh. Seventy five soils samples (0-15) were collected from Bhelkha (V1), Chamaon (V2), Koiran (V3), Bhawanipur (V4), Pissaur (V5), Daniyalpur (V6) and Ganeshpur (V7) villages of Harhua block of Varanasi district. Sorghum, pearl millet, maize, paddy, pigeon pea and green gram are major crops during kharif, while wheat, mustard, field pea, and potato are commonly grown in rabi season. Quartering technique was used for preparation of soil sample. The samples were air-dried and passed through 2 mm sieve for analysis. The soil pH and EC were determined with 1:2.5 soil water ratio. The soil samples were analyzed for sand silt and clay (Chopra and Kanwar 1999); organic carbon (Walkley and Black 1934); available N (Subbiah and Asija1956); available P (Olsen 1954); available K (Jackson 1973); available S (Hariram and Dwivedi 1994), bulk density, particle density and porosity following standard procedures. Porosity and nutrient index value (Ghosh and Hasan 1976, 1979 and 1980) were calculated by using the formulae. Porosity = (100 − BD/PD)×100 Nutrient Index Value = [(% soils high in available estimates of a nutrient × 3) + (% soils medium in available quantities ×2) + (% soils low in available quantities × 1)] ÷ 100 The soil pH varied from 6.1 to 8.5 (Table 1). About 57 % samples were neutral (pH 6.6 to 7.3), 29 % samples were mildly alkaline (pH 7.4 to 7.8) and 13 % samples were moderately alkaline (pH 7.9 to 8.4). The electrical conductivity of the soils varied from 0.22-0.47 dS m-1 and were found to be normal (EC < 1.0 dS m-1). The sand, silt and clay content of the soils varied from 31.1-52.1 %, 18-30 % and 18-35.2 % with mean values of 43.8, 23.6 and 26.1, respectively, with standard deviations of 6.35, 4.53 and 5.58. Bulk density and particle density ranged from 1.21-1.47 Mg m-3 and 2.00 to 2.77 Mg m-3. The porosity of the soils ranged from 27 – 57 % with mean value of 46.8 % and standard deviation of 5.88. According to Muhr et al. (1965) rating, the organic carbon content ranged from 0.30 to 0.75 % with an average of 0.63 % and standard deviation of 0.09. About 9 % samples had organic carbon content below 0.50 % and 90 % samples were between 0.50 - 0.75 %.

Influence of Grasscover in Restoring the Properties of Eroded Soils of Umudike, Southeastern, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Onwuchekwa Ojimgba
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Organic C

The influence of grasscover in restoring the eroded soils was carried out in Umudike, Southestern Nigeria. The use of grass has attracted considerable research attention with respect to forage production and erosion control. Little information is available on the influence of this grasscover management on soil physical and chemical properties. Four different grasses namely: Paspalum notatum(PN), Panicum maximum(PM), Axonopus compressus(AC) and Vetiver grass(VG)- Vetiveria zizanioid/es) were used in this study and their influence on eroded soil tested in two locations. This study has shown that the soils planted with the grasses gave significantly (p<0.05) higher results of the physical and some chemical properties than their adjacent open bare soil. In all the parameters considered in this study, the values obtained in soils under Paspalum notatum was higher than those obtained in PM, AC, VG and their adjacent bare soils(BS). The soils under PN had generally lower bulk density, higher total porosity and hydraulic conductivity than other grasses and adjacent open bare soil in both locations. The soil under PN proved best, outperforming PM, VG,and AC in stabilizing soil aggregates. Planting of PN on eroded soil significantly (p<0.05) increased the mean weight diameter from 0.77mm (BSPN1) to 1.31mm (PN1) and 0.82mm (BSPN2) to 1.48mm (PN2) for Locations 1 and 2, respectively. The relative improvement in Location 1 was in the order : PN1>AC1=VG1>PM1>BSVG1=BSPN1>BSAC1=BSPM1. Also, soils under PN had significantly higher values of pH, organic C and organic matter, total nitrogen and available P more than other grasses and their adjacent open soils. The magnitude of increase in Location 1 was in the order : PN1>AC1>PM1=VG1>BSVG1=BSPN1=BSAC1>BSPM1. Location 2 also increased in the same trend. The organic carbon content of PN increased from 0.73%(BSPN1) to 2.89%(PN1) and 0.88%(BSPN2) to 2.91%(PN2) in Locations 1 and 2, respectively. Also, the organic matter content of the soil increased in the same trend as organic carbon content.

scholarly journals Phytoavailability of Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Tl and Zn in Arable Crop Systems Amended for 13 to 15 Years with Organic Waste Products

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 664
Author(s):  
Aurélia Marcelline Michaud ◽  
Valérie Sappin-Didier ◽  
Philippe Cambier ◽  
Christophe Nguyen ◽  
Noémie Janot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Content

Repeated applications of organic waste products (OWP) are a source of trace elements (TE) inputs to agricultural topsoils. The present study aimed at (i) assessing the effects of repeated OWP inputs on the chemical properties of topsoils in two long-term field experiments (13 and 15 years; calcareous and non-calcareous soils), (ii) evaluating TE phytoavailability and their transfer to grain (winter wheat and maize) and (iii) identifying the underlying factors causing alterations of TE phytoavailability. In both field experiments, receiving compliant or slightly high doses of OWP in compliance with regulations, OWP and soil physicochemical properties and TE concentrations in soils and grains were determined. In situ phytoavailability of TE was assessed at two juvenile crop growth stages by analyzing TE concentrations in shoot plantlets. Depending on the OWP input amount, results showed that compared to the soil receiving no organic amendment, repeated OWP inputs significantly increased soil organic carbon content, pH, cation exchange capacity, total soil Cu, Mo and Zn concentration and the phytoavailability of Mo, while the phytoavailability of Cd, Mn, Ni and Tl was significantly reduced. No notable effect was observed for Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn phytoavailability. Statistical approaches suggested that due to the repeated OWP applications, increased soil organic carbon content and pH, were likely responsible for decreased TE phytoavailability (e.g., Cd).

Physico-chemical properties of soil under Grewia optiva in Himachal Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Hari Sankhyan ◽  
Jyoti Dhiman ◽  
Krishan Chand ◽  
Prachi . ◽  
Karishma .
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Grewia Optiva ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Properties Of Soil

Study on Physico chemical properties of soil is important for sustainable management of agricultural crops, field trees and for their economic growth. Here, we quantify the impact of soil nutrient variation on the population growth of Grewia optiva Drummond with variable climate and heterogeneous soils. The impacts on growth parameters (tree height, crown spread, leaf traits, fruit dimensions) of selected populations of Grewia optiva Drummond statistically analyzed using one way ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient. Five composite soil samples were taken at 15-30cm depth, on seven selected districts of Himachal Pradesh viz., total 35 samples were analyzed for physiochemical properties. Soil of Mandi district registered with acidic pH as compared to soil pH of other districts. There was significant difference in pH, OC, EC, N, P, K and in Bulk density within selected population of each district. pH range of moderately acidic to moderately alkaline (according to standard soil classification) founded best for growth of this species. There was highly positive correlation observed between Nitrogen and leaf area(0.33), Phosphorus and leaf area (0.45). 100 leaf fresh weight showed highly positive correlation with Nitrogen (0.37) and organic carbon (0.39).100 leaf dry weight showed highly positive correlation with Nitrogen and Organic Carbon. Crown spread showed highly positive correlation with Organic carbon (0.29), Nitrogen (0.38) and with Phosphorus (0.30). Moderately Positive correlation observed between Potassium and 100 fruit dry weight (0.15). 50% of soil texture observed as sandy loamy and sandy clay loamy.

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