scholarly journals Urinary Tract Infections in Benin: Exploring the Virulence Factors and Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Genes among Bacterial Isolates

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-36
Author(s):  
Victorien Dougnon ◽  
Phénix Assogba ◽  
Jibril Mohammed ◽  
Jerrold Agbankpe ◽  
Esther Deguenon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Tract Infections

Objective: The emergence and increasing spread of resistance to antibiotics in uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae is a huge public health problem and increase the morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to produce scientific data on the virulence and level of resistance of these bacteria in Benin. Results: This study was conducted on 230 strains of enterobacteria isolated from patients with urinary tract infections. These virulence factors sought were hemolysis, hemagglutination, serum resistance, biofilm formation, and the production of lipase, protease and lecithinase. The molecular characterization of the virulence and antibiotic resistance genes was accomplished by PCR according to the different conditions for each gene. The bacteria possessed several types of virulence factors such as hemagglutinin (28.26%), lipase production (23.92%) and hemolysin production (17.83%). The virulence gene identified were FimH (74.79%), PapC (30.44%), Iss (11.34%) and Biofilm (3.92%). The antibiotic resistance genes such as Bla-SHV (49.56%), Bla-CTX-M15, Bla-CTX-M2 (33.92%), Bla-CTX-M9 (19.13%) and bla-CTX-M1 (11.74%) were also detected. Conclusion: These results filled the national gap about virulence and antimicrobial resistance of enterobacteria responsible of urinary tract infection and may be used to improve the management of patients in Benin.

scholarly journals Analysis of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes in Group B Streptococcus from clinical samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Mudzana ◽  
Rooyen T Mavenyengwa ◽  
Muchaneta Gudza-Mugabe
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: Streptococcus agalacticae is one of the most important causative agents of serious infections among neonates. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) virulence factors are important in the development of vaccines, whilst antibiotic resistance genes are necessary in understanding the resistance mechanisms used by these pathogens. This study was carried out to identify the virulence genes and antibiotic resistance genes associated with GBS isolated from pregnant women.Methods: A total of 43 GBS isolates were obtained from vaginal samples that were collected from all HIV positive and HIV negative women who were 13-35 weeks pregnant attending Antenatal Care at both Chitungwiza and Harare Central Hospitals in Zimbabwe. Identification tests of GBS isolates was done using standard bacteriological methods including molecular tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing using 3 antibiotics was done using the modified Kirby-Bauer method. The boiling method was used to extract DNA and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to screen for 13 genes in the isolates. Data was fed into SPSS 24.0 and the Spearman rank correlation test used to determine any correlation among genes.Results: Nine distinct virulence gene profiles were identified. The profiles hly-scpB-bca-rib 37.2% (16/43) and hly-scpB-bca 18.6% (8/43) were common among GBS isolates. The following virulence gene frequencies were obtained namely hly 97.8% (42/43), scpB 90.1% (39/43), bca 86.0% (37/43), rib 69.8% (30/43) and bac 11.6% (5/43). Antibiotic resistance genes showed high frequencies for tetM 97.6% (41/42) and low frequencies for ermB 34.5% (10/29), ermTR 10.3% (3/29), mefA 3.4% (1/29), tetO 2.4% (1/42) and linB 0% (0/35). The atr housekeeping gene amplification yielded 100% (43/43) positive results, whilst the mobile genetic element IS1548 yielded a low 9.3% (4/43).Conclusion: The study showed a high prevalence of multiple virulence genes hly, scpB, bca and rib in S. agalactiae strains isolated from pregnant women. Tetracycline resistance was found to be predominantly caused by the tetM gene, whilst macrolide resistance was predominantly due to the presence of erm methylase, with the ermB gene being more prevalent. It was also observed that in vitro phenotypic resistance is not always accurately predicted by resistance genotypes.

scholarly journals 2602. Genetic Basis of Staphylococcus aureus Virulence

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S904-S904
Author(s):  
Edward W Adams ◽  
Doyle V Ward ◽  
Bruce A Barton ◽  
Richard T Ellison ◽  
Oladapo Olaitan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Gene Frequency ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Although multiple different virulence factors have been identified for Staphylococcus aureus, there is limited information on genetic variation present between different strains of S. aureus in the clinical setting. To better define whether differing virulence factors could contribute to differing clinical manifestations of S. aureus infections we undertook a comparison of the frequency of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes present in S. aureus isolates from different clinical sites. Methods Whole-genome sequencing was performed on a convenience sample of S. aureus isolates from clinical or surveillance cultures obtained at an academic medical center over a 27-month period. Genomic assemblies were generated and annotated to define protein-coding regions. The prevalence of 28 genes previously defined as being associated with S. aureus virulence or antimicrobial resistance, including MSCRAMM genes, was then analyzed in relation to nine specific culture sources including only a single isolate from each culture source per patient using a likelihood ratio χ 2 analysis. Results There were 1286 S. aureus isolates with draft assemblies and annotations, and there was a statistically significant (P < 0.01) difference in gene frequencies between culture sources for 18 genes that included 13 of 19 virulence factors, 4 of 7 antibiotic resistance genes and 1 of 2 MSCRAMM genes. The most notable variation was seen for the presence of the sec, sep, entB, lukS, lufK, fosB, mecA, and ermA genes (all with P < 0.0001). There were also significant variations in overall gene frequency patterns between isolates from wound, blood, and respiratory isolates (P < 0.0001), as well as significant differences in the frequency of cna and hlY genes between surveillance and clinical isolates (P < 0.0001). Conclusion This study demonstrates a difference in the prevalence of virulence and antibiotic resistance genes in S. aureus isolates based on the culture source. As the culture location can be considered a surrogate for different types of infections (such as bacteremia, pneumonia, urinary tract infections) these differences in gene frequency may contribute to variation in the clinical manifestations of infections by differing S. aureus strains. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of the Uropathogenic Herbaspirillum frisingense Strain ureolyticus VT-16-41

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Tetz ◽  
George Tetz
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Herbaspirillum frisingense strain ureolyticus VT-16-41 is a clinical cystitis isolate. Here, we report the draft genome sequence of the uropathogenic H. frisingense strain ureolyticus VT-16-41, which contains various antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors that enable it to colonize and persist in the urinary tract.

scholarly journals Detection of Phylogenetic Groups and Drug Resistance Genes of Escherichia coli Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Southwest Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa Boroumand Boroumand ◽  
Mohsen Naghmachi ◽  
Mohammad Amin Ghatee
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Many bacteria can cause urinary tract infections (UTIs), among which Escherichia coli is the most common causative agent. E. coli strains are divided into eight phylogenetic groups based on the new Quadroplex-PCR method, which are different in terms of patterns of resistance to antibiotics, virulence, and environmental characteristics. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the phylogenetic groups and the prevalence of drug resistance genes in E. coli strains causing UTIs. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 129 E. coli isolates obtained from the culture of patients with UTIs were evaluated for phylogenetic groups using the new method of Clermont et al. The identification of phylogenetic groups and antibiotic resistance genes was performed using the multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Results: In this study, concerning the distribution of phylogenetic groups among E. coli isolates, the phylogenetic group B2 (36.4%) was the most common phylogenetic group, followed by phylogroups C (13.2%), clade I (10.1%), D (9.3%), and A (3.1%) while groups B1 and F were not observed in any of the isolates, and 20.2% had an unknown state. Also, out of 129 E. coli isolates, the total frequency of tetA, tetB, sul1, sul2, CITM, DfrA, and qnr resistance genes was 59.7%, 66.7, 69, 62, 30.2, 23.3, and 20.2%, respectively. In this study, there was a significant relationship between antibiotics (P = 0.026), cefotaxime (P = 0.003), and nalidixic acid (P = 0.044) and E. coli phylogenetic groups. No significant relationship was observed between E. coli phylogenetic groups and antibiotic resistance genes. Conclusions: The results of this study showed that strains belonging to group B2 had the highest prevalence among other phylogroups, and also, the frequency of antibiotic resistance genes and drug-resistant isolates had a higher prevalence in this phylogroup. These results show that phylogroup B2 has a more effective role in causing urinary tract infections compared to other phylogroups, and this phylogroup can be considered a genetic reservoir of antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Analysis of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes in Group B Streptococcus from clinical samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond Mudzana ◽  
Rooyen T Mavenyengwa ◽  
Muchaneta Gudza-Mugabe
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background : Streptococcus agalacticae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) is one of the most important causative agents of serious infections among neonates. GBS virulence factors are important in vaccine development, whilst antibiotic resistance genes are necessary in understanding the resistance mechanisms used by pathogens. This study was carried out to identify virulence genes and antibiotic resistance genes associated with GBS isolated from pregnant women. Methods: A total of 43 GBS isolates were obtained from 420 vaginal samples collected from HIV positive and negative women who were 13-35 weeks pregnant attending Antenatal Care at Chitungwiza and Harare Central Hospitals in Zimbabwe. Identification tests of GBS isolates was done using standard bacteriological methods including molecular tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing using 3 antibiotics was done using the modified Kirby-Bauer method. The boiling method was used to extract DNA and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to screen for 13 genes. Data was fed into SPSS 24.0 and the Spearman rank correlation test used to determine correlation among genes. Results: Nine distinct virulence gene profiles were identified. The profiles hly-scpB-bca-rib 37.2% (16/43) and hly-scpB-bca 18.6% (8/43) were common. The following virulence gene frequencies were obtained namely hly 97.8% (42/43), scpB 90.1% (39/43), bca 86.0% (37/43), rib 69.8% (30/43) and bac 11.6% (5/43). High resistance to tetracycline 97.7% (42/43) was reported followed by clindamycin 55.8% (24/43) and erythromycin 30.2% (13/43). Antibiotic resistance genes among the resistant and intermediate-resistant isolates showed high frequencies for tetM 97.6% (41/42) and low frequencies for ermB 34.5% (10/29), ermTR 10.3% (3/29), mefA 3.4% (1/29), tetO 2.4% (1/42) and linB 0% (0/35). The atr housekeeping gene yielded 100% (43/43) positive results, whilst the mobile genetic element IS1548 yielded 9.3% (4/43). Conclusion: The study showed high prevalence of multiple virulence genes hly, scpB, bca and rib in S. agalactiae strains isolated from pregnant women. Tetracycline resistance was found to be predominantly caused by the tetM gene, whilst macrolide resistance was predominantly due to the presence of erm methylase, with the ermB gene being more prevalent. It was also observed that in vitro phenotypic resistance is not always accurately predicted by resistance genotypes.

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