scholarly journals Effects of Fallowing and Nitrogen Application on Striga Infestation, Soil Fertility and Maize Performance

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
M. S. Bassey ◽  
M. K. A. Adeboye ◽  
M. G. M. Kolo
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
N Application ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Natural Fallow ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
N Fertilizer Rate

Striga possesses an ominous obstacle to the African continent that is struggling with food security as it affects the livelihood of more than 300 million people. The control of Striga has proved exceptionally difficult. Two fallows, namely natural fallow (NF) and A. histrix fallow (AF) were maintained in 2012, such that the field was divided into two parts and each part was further divided into three replicates. Each part was separated from one another by a strip of 2 m width and the fallow factor was randomly assigned to each part which constituted the main plot. In 2013, the inorganic N fertilizer levels (0, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) were applied to the fallow plots and assigned to the sub-plot. These treatments were laid out in a split plot arrangement fitted to a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The two fallows significantly (P < 0.05) reduced Striga infestation similar to application of N at 60 – 120 kg N ha-1. The two fallows significantly (P< 0.05) increased SOC. Only natural fallow significantly (P<0.05) increased the STN by 36 %. Maize grain yield after natural fallow (1527 kg ha-1) was not significantly (P>0.05) different from that after A. histrix (1943 kg ha-1). Inorganic N application had highly significant (P<0.05) effect on grain yield. Lowest grain yield of 1253 kg ha-1 was obtained without inorganic N application, which was significantly different from those fertilized with inorganic N. Inorganic N fertilizer rate of 60 kg ha-1 seems to be optimum for maize. The Nitrogen Fertilizer Replacement Value of A. histrix was low, 13 kg N ha-1. The effect of both fallows on grain yield was due mainly to increased SOC content.

scholarly journals Uji Multilokasi Sepuluh Galur Padi Untuk Menghasilkan Varietas Unggul Baru

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Jaenudin Kartahadimaja ◽  
Eka Erlinda Syuriani
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Soil Stress ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Plot Design ◽  
High Yield Potential

Reduced productive rice fields to non-paddy fields, most possible extension of the nationalrice cultivation area to the suboptimal lands reaching ± 91.9 million ha. Technologypackages that can be applied include the use of new improved rice varieties through theassembling of varieties that have high yield potential, resistant to suboptimal soil stress. Theobjective of the research is to produce new superior rice varieties that are available invarious environments. The study used a split-plot design, as the main plot is an environmentconsisting of rice paddies and gogo, as a subplot is the genotype of rice. The treatment ineach environment is prepared using the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Thetreatment consisted of 10 new rice strains and four varieties as a comparison. Variablesobserved (1) plant height; (2) the maximum number of shoots; (3) number of productiveshoots; (4) long panicle; (5) the number of grains per panicle; (6) the amount of graincontent of each panicle; (7) the number of empty grains per panicle; (8) weight of 1000grains of grain; (9) grain yield of each clump; (10) grain yield per hectare. Data wereanalyzed by variance if there was a difference between mean, median treatment, followed byLsd test at 5% level. The adaptability and yield stability of each strain was determined basedon the value of the coefficient of diversity (KK) (Francis and Kenneberg, 1978) in Syukur etal., (2012). The results showed that seven new rice strains had adaptations both planted asupland rice and lowland rice, namely strains B3, B4, F2, F3, H1, H4, and L2.

scholarly journals The Effect of Intercropping and Nitroxin Biofertilizer on Yield Components and Relative Yield Total of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and Dragon’s Head (Lallemantia iberica Fisch. & C.A. Mey)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein GHAMARI ◽  
Jalil SHAFAGH KOLVANAGH ◽  
Seyyed Hossein SABAGHPOUR ◽  
Adel DABBAGH MOHAMMADI NASSAB
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
Relative Yield Total ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Number Of Branches

 A field study was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of intercropping and biofertilizers on yield and yield components of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and dragon’s head (Lallemantia iberica Fisch. and C.A. Mey). The experiment was factorial on the basis of a randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was an additive intercropping system including monocultured purslane, monocultured dragon’s head, intercropping of 100% purslane + 25% dragon’s head, intercropping of 100% purslane + 50% dragon’s head, intercropping of 100% purslane + 75% dragon’s head; the second factor was nutrient treatments including application of 50% inorganic N fertilizer (urea) + nitroxin, inorganic N fertilizer (urea), nitroxin and no fertilizer. Results showed that as the density of dragon’s head increased, the number of branches in purslane decreased. In purslane, the number of capsules was significantly affected by intercropping and application of biofertilizers. In both crops, the effects of treatments on yield were significant. Results clearly showed that Relative Yield Total (RYT) was always higher in intercropping than monocultured systems. The highest RYT was observed in intercropping of 100% purslane + 50% dragon’s head with the application of 50% inorganic N fertilizer (urea) + nitroxin. Therefore, combination usage of biofertilizers and inorganic N fertilizers can improve yields in purslane/dragon’s head intercropping.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF N FERTILITY, PLANT DENSITY AND CULTIVAR ON YIELD OF DILL

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1165f-1165
Author(s):  
Owusu Bandele ◽  
Xenia Wolff ◽  
Byron Belvitt ◽  
Justin Egbe
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Long Island ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
N Fertility ◽  
N Fertilizer Rate

Two experiments were conducted in 1988 and 1990 to determine the effects of planting density, N fertilizer rate, and cultivar on fresh yield of dill. A split plot design was used in the first experiment in which planting density (one versus two rows per bed) was the main plot treatment and N rate (0, 56, 112 kg/ha) was the subplot treatment. A European cultivar, `Crown,' was used in the first experiment in 1988 while `Long Island Mammoth' was planted in 1990, N was applied in split applications while both K2 O and P2 O5 were preplant incorporated at the rate of 134 kg/ha. Planting was done on bedded rows approximately 66 cm wide and 15 cm high. N fertilizer application did not affect yield in 1988. Leaf, stem, flower, and total yields were greater for the high density planting. The second experiment evaluated yield of four cultivars (`Tetra,' `Bouquet.' `Long Island Mammoth,' and `Crown') using a randomized complete block design. `Long Island Mammoth' and `Tetra' produced greater leaf and total fresh weight while `Long Island Mammoth' and `Bouquet' produced greater flower fresh weight.

INFLUENCE OF TIME OF NITROGEN SECOND DOSE FERTILIZATION MAIZE (Zea mays L.) VARIETIES IN NORTHERN GUINEA SAVANNAH OF NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
K. M. Ladan ◽  
A. H. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Application Data ◽  
Maize Grain

The field trial was carried out to evaluate the effect of timing nitrogen second dose fertilization on the grain yield and yield components of some improved maize varieties. The field experiments was conducted at the Institute for Agricultural Research IAR-ABU Research Farm Samaru – Zaria and Military Cantonment Farm Jaji – Nigeria. Treatments consist of three maize varieties (SAMMAZ 14, SAMMAZ 15 and SAMMAZ 16) and six timings of nitrogen second dose of fertilizer application. Data were recorded on grain yield, number of cobs /plant, number of grain /row, cob(ear) diameter, cob(ear) weight and 100 grain weight. Treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. SAMMAZ 16 produced significantly higher grain yield and recorded superior yield characters over SAMMAZ 14 and 15. The results further showed that time of nitrogen second dose application 6 WAS outperformed other timings evaluated at both location. The study identified. SAMMAZ 16 and time 6 WAS appeared to be the option for increased maize grain yield in the study area

scholarly journals Effects of Chemical and Biological Fertilizers on Some Morpho-Physiological Traits of Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and Dragon’s Head (Lallemantia iberica Fisch. & C.A. Mey) Cultivated under Intercropping System

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hossein GHAMARI ◽  
Jalil SHAFAGH KOLVANAGH ◽  
Seyyed Hossein SABAGHPOUR ◽  
Adel DABBAGH MOHAMMADI NASSAB
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Land Productivity ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Continuous Use

Declining land productivity associated with decreasing soil organic carbon (SOC) and nitrogen (N) are significant issues in monoculture crop production. In addition, continuous use of inorganic fertilizer often leads to unsustainability in crop production and creating environmental pollution. Considering the importance of purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and dragon’s head (Lallemantia iberica Fisch. & C.A. Mey) in human nutrition, a field study was carried out to assess the effects of chemical and biological fertilizers on purslane-dragon’s head intercropping. The factorial experiment was set on the basis of randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was an additive intercropping system including monocropping of purslane (P), monocropping of dragon’s head (D), intercropping of 100% purslane + 25% dragon’s head (PD25), intercropping of 100% purslane + 50% dragon’s head (PD50), intercropping of 100% purslane + 75% dragon’s head (PD75); the second factor was nutrient treatments including application of 50% inorganic N fertilizer (urea) + nitroxin (F1), inorganic N fertilizer (urea) (F2), nitroxin (F3) and no fertilizer (F4). For purslane crop, the highest amount of relative chlorophyll (SPAD) belonged to PD75 + F1 treatment. Intercropping increased stem height of both crop plants. The data obtained hereby clearly showed that the total yield of the purslane-dragon’s head intercropping treatments was higher than any of the monocropping treatments. PD50 + F1 had the highest amount of land equivalent ratio (LER). Therefore, intercropping of 100% purslane + 50% dragon’s head and application of 50% urea + nitroxin might be recommended for higher yield and economic return.

scholarly journals Contribution of green manure incorporation in combination with Nitrogen fertilizer in Rice production

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-142
Author(s):  
MR Islam ◽  
MB Hossain ◽  
AB Siddique ◽  
MT Rahman ◽  
M Malika
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Recommended Dose ◽  
Science Field ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

An experiment was conducted at the Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during April to November, 2012 to study the combined effects of Sesbania green manure incorporation with different levels of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth and yield of BINA dhan7. There were five treatments for using Sesbania as pre-rice green manure (GM): Fallow (No GM), GM for incorporation at 40, 50, 60, and 70 days after sowing (DAS). T. Aman was planted after chopping the GM. For T. aman there were 9 treatments: Fallow plot received full dose (180 kg urea ha-1) of N fertilizer while plots with GM received 50 and 75% of recommended N fertilizer. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The highest grain yield of 5752 kg ha-1 and straw yield of 6654 kg ha-1 were observed in the plot treated with 75%recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) and green manure incorporated at 50 DAS. The lowest grain yield (4783 kg ha-1) and straw yield (5154 kg ha-1) were recorded with GM incorporated at 40 DAS + 50% RDN. The N content and uptake by the grain and straw were differed significantly due to different treatments and maximum uptake was recorded with the application of 75% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) and green manure incorporated at 50 DAS. The overall results indicate that application of Sesbania green manure incorporated at 50 DAS in combination with 75% recommended dose of nitrogen could be considered more effective for BINA dhan7 production DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i2.21925 SAARC J. Agri., 12(2): 134-142 (2014)

scholarly journals Evaluation of maize grain yield in drought-prone environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix Takim ◽  
Gbedabo Olaoye ◽  
Yakeen Abayomi ◽  
Samuel Olakojo ◽  
Matthew Isah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Multi-location trial data obtained between 2007 and 2014 involving open pollinated varieties (OPVs) and hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) were analysed using GGE (Genotype and Genotype x Environment) and AMMI (Additive Main Effect and Multiplicative Interaction) models to assess their performance and suitability as cultivars, and identify promising genotypes and sites for further evaluations in the different locations of the southern Guinea savanna of Nigeria. The experiments were set up as a randomized complete block design with three replications in all the locations. The plot size consisted of two rows, 5m long with inter and intra row spacing of 0.75m x 0.4m for the early maturing varieties and 0.75m x 0.5m for intermediate/late maturing varieties and hybrids. Two seeds were planted/hill to give a plant population of approximately 66,000 plants/ha (early) and 54,000 plants/ha (intermediate/late). Data were collected on agronomic and yield parameters. The environment accounted for 84.80% and 90.42% of the total variation in grain yield of OPVs and hybrids, respectively. TZE-Y-DT STR C4 (early OPV) and white-DT-STRSYN (intermediate/late OPV), TZE-W-Pop-DT STR-C5 (early maturing hybrids) and TZEEI 3 x TZEEI 46 (extra early genotype) were the most stable and high yielding. The core test locations for evaluation of early OPVs, intermediate/late OPVs and hybrids are Ilorin/Ballah, Ejiba/Mokwa and Kishi/Badeggi, respectively. This study recommends that fewer but better locations that provide relevant information should be used for conducting multilocation trials and TZE-Y-DT STR C4, white-DT-STR-SYN, TZE-W-Pop-DT STR-C5 and TZEEI 3 x TZEEI 46 should be further evaluated on farmer fields.

Soybean nodulation and grain yield as influenced by N-fertilizer rate, plant population density and cultivar in southern Quebec

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1049-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengqi Chen ◽  
A. F. MacKenzie ◽  
M. A. Fanous
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Soybean Nodulation ◽  
N Fertilizer Rate

Optimum soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr.) production requires information on the interaction between cultivars, population densities and fertilizer nutrients as related to climate and region. Consequently, field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of N-fertilizer rate, plant population and cultivar on soybean nodulation and grain yield on two soils in southern Quebec. N-fertilizer application consistently depressed soybean nodulation, but it improved soybean growth where initial soil inorganic-N levels were low. High plant population densities had little effect on individual plant nodulation, but they increased fresh nodule mass per unit area. Grain yields were increased with high plant population densities. The two cultivars tested, Apache and Maple Arrow, generally produced similar grain yields on the Ste. Rosalie soil, where yields were low due to moisture stress or low initial inorganic-N levels. On the more productive Ormstown soil, Apache produced higher grain yields than Maple Arrow.Key words: Glycine max (L.) Merr., N fertilization, plant population, nodulation, grain yield

scholarly journals Integrating Soybean Residues With Nitrogen Fertilizer for Improved Maize Production in Eastern Uganda

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
B. Sadina ◽  
A. Amoding ◽  
R. Amayo ◽  
M. Biruma
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Four Levels

Soybean has become one of the dominant crops in Ugandan farming systems; however the contribution of its residues to improve soil and crop productivity is less known. To investigate the role of soybean residues to enhance crop productivity, researcher-managed experiments were conducted for two seasons (2011B and 2012A) in Namayingo and Tororo districts, representing the L. Victoria crescent, and South-eastern L. Kyoga basin agro-ecological zones, respectively. Factorial treatments of three levels of soybean residues (0, 2 and 4 t ha-1) and four levels of N fertilizer (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1 N) in form of urea were applied in maize fields in a randomized complete block design so as to; determine the optimum nutrient combination for maize, and establish the added yield benefits, if any, of using soybean residues with N fertilizer in maize production. Site yields varied significantly (p &lt; 0.001), with higher maize yields obtained in Namayingo compared to Tororo. Significantly (p &lt; 0.05) higher maize grain yields were obtained with the highest nutrient input combinations of 2 t ha-1 residue and 60 kg ha-1 N (yield increment of 71.72% above the control) in Namayingo district and 4 t ha-1 residue combined with120 kg ha-1 N increased maize grain yield by 140.69% above the control in Tororo. The added maize grain yield benefits ranged from 2540 kg grain ha-1 to 3250 kg grain ha-1 in Namayingo and from 2000 kg grain ha-1 to 2310 kg grain ha-1 in Tororo. Combined use of soybean residue with N fertilizer has been found to have agronomic yield benefits to maize production.

scholarly journals Biomass yield, chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of maize leaves defoliated at different times

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
O. A. Fasae ◽  
O. T. Akinniyi ◽  
A. E. Oladejo ◽  
K. A. Elemo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Leaf Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Maize Leaves ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Maize Grain

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of defoliation time on the productivity of maize, forage and in vitro digestibility of maize leaves (ML). The response of grain yield, plant height, days to 50% silking, ear height and leaf yield as well as the chemical composition of ML variety "Obasuper" to defoliation time were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four defoliation treatments 3, 6, 9 weeks after planting (WAP) and undefoliated treatment replicated four times. Results showed that defoliating maize at 9 WAP and beyond did not have any significant (P>0.05) effect on the grain and leaf yield as well as other yield components of maize. Grain and leaf yield at 9 WAP averaged 2778.35 and 975.74 DM kg/ha respectively. The DM, crude protein (CP) and fibre fractions contents of ML varied significantly (P<0.05) among the defoliation treatments with maize defoliated at 9 WAP having a CP content of 12.6%. Ether extract and ash contents were not affected (P>0.05) by defoliation time. The in vitro digestibility of ML decreased significantly (P<0.05) with increase in the time of defoliation ranging from 59.2 and 66.4%. IT was concluded that maize variety "Obasuper" can produce forage of high quality and quantity when defoliated 9 weeks after planting wihout any anyadverse effect on the grain yield of maize. 

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