scholarly journals Screening of Salt Tolerant Potato Genotypes using Salt Stress and Molecular Markers

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Mir Jannatul Mawa ◽  
Md. Ashraful Haque ◽  
Mohammad Mehfuz Hasan Saikat ◽  
Shah Mohammad Naimul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

Aims: To screen potato genotypes for salt tolerance using in vitro salt stress and moleulcar markers. Experimental Design: The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Place of the Study: The experiment was conducted at the Molecular Biology and Tissue Culture Laboratories, Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh. Methodology: In vitro screening of five potato genotypes (CIP 112, CIP 117, CIP 120, CIP 127, and CIP 128) was done in an agar medium using tissue culture technique at different concentrations of salt viz. 0.0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 mM of NaCl. All genotypes were further analysed through SSR markers using three primers. The DNA bands were visualized on gel electrophoresis and scored for polymorphic loci, gene diversity, and genetic distance. NTSYSpc program was used for constructing  unrooted neighbor-joining tree and scatter diagram. Results: Potato genotypes CIP 112 and CIP 117 emerged as the most salt tolerant genotypes with the highest plant height, shoot dry weight, root length, and root dry weight at different concentrations of NaCl. CIP 127 and CIP 128 were poorly tolerant to salt stress. The most sensitive genotype CIP 120 produced minimum plant height, shoot dry weight, root length, and root dry weight at different NaCl concentrations. Results indicated that significant differences were found among cultivars. The banding pattern of microsatellite confirmed a distinct polymorphism among salt tolerant, moderately salt tolerant and salt sensitive lines. The clustering pattern of the potato genotypes suggests that variations occur due to genotypic variation and possibly not epigenetic adaptation under salt stress conditions. Conclusion: The salt tolerant pototo genotypes CIP 112 and CIP 117 can be used for developing salt tolerant genotypes.

Effect of Rhizobium inoculation to nodulation and growth of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] Germplasm

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakka Samudin ◽  
Heru Kuswantoro
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Rhizobium Inoculation ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Inoculation Treatment

Nitrogen is an important macronutrient mineral that is needed in the largest amount by the plant and is the main limiting factor for plant development. Rhizobium is a group of bacteria capable of providing nutrients for soybean crops. When symbiotic with legume crops, this group of bacteria is able to infect plant roots and form root nodules. The study aimed to investigate the effect of Rhizobium on nodulation and growth of some soybean germplasm. The results showed no interaction between the inoculation treatment and the genotype. The significant effect of inoculation was shown by the number of nodules, nodule dry weight, root length, and root dry weight. Inoculation did not affect plant height and shoot dry weight. These traits were more influenced by genetic factors. In the condition without inoculation, the root length was higher but the root dry weight was lower. Plant height differed between the genotypes. KPT5 and KPT6 showed the highest plant height than any other genotypes. Both genotypes also had the highest shoot dry weight. The highest shoot dry weight was also achieved by KPT4.

scholarly journals In vitro screening for salt stress tolerance of native and exotic potato genotypes by morphological and physiological parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 21-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Harun Or Rashid ◽  
SMS Islam ◽  
MA Bari
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
In Vitro Screening ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Whole Plant

This study was performed on in vitro bioassay screening for salt tolerance of ten native and six exotic potato genotypes in Bangladesh. Single node was used to evaluate salinity tolerance especially on biomass production. Five different concentrations of NaCl (0 = control, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM) were used in addition to MS medium and evaluated salt tolerant and sensitive genotype by various morphological and physiological parameters e.g. shoot and root length and its thickness, number of leaves and roots, fresh and dry weight of whole plant and water contents. The ANOVA, DMRT and correlation coefficient were found highly significant at p<0.01 among the genotypes. With salt stress condition highly positive correlation, co-efficient were found between stem length and internodal distance, leaves number, roots number, root length, dry weight of whole plant and fresh weight of whole plant. A dendrogram based on relative values of 10 morphological and physiological parameters of growth under salt conditions were led to clustering into four distinct group’s i.e. tolerant, moderately tolerant, sensitive and very sensitive. On the basis of stress tolerance trait indices (STTIs), Arun (92.78) and Ausha (80.27) showed as a highest salt tolerant, Jamalu (56.33) and Chollisha (57.03) showed the most salt sensitive potato cultivars. From this finding it may be concluded that in vitro screening with bioassay are relatively simple, rapid and convenient and these methods can be used for further advance biotechnological research on potato improvement. J. bio-sci. 28: 21-32, 2020

scholarly journals Effects of salinity stress on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) landraces during early growth stage

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
pp. 214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyoum Zawude ◽  
Diriba Shanko
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Shoot Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Salinity is one of the most serious abiotic stresses for crop plant growth. Chickpea grows under a wide range of climatic conditions and highly sensitive to salt stress. To determine the most tolerant genotype to salinity stress, an experiment was done as factorial form under completely block design (CRD) with three replications.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The experimental treatments were four NaCl salinity levels (0, 5dS/m, 10dS/m and 15dS/m) and five chickpea landraces (Dadi, Dido, Dida, Dimi and Soya).  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Results indicated that significant was observed in root length, shoot length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, seedling shoot and root reduction traits in stress conditions. Dimi, Dido and Dadi were showed that high reduction in root length, shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, seedling root and shoot in salinity conditions, respectively. The ANOVA for landraces and their interaction was found to be highly significant at (p&lt;0.001) and (p&lt;0.05) with all parameters. Landraces Dimi, Dido and Dadi were found salt tolerant but Soya was highly salt sensitive during seedling growth stage. Shoot dry weight had the most positive and significant correlation with root dry weight (r =0.987**). Seedling shoot reduction depicted a negative and significant correlation with total dry matter (r =-0.734**).</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study indicated that developing genetic variability by identifying salt tolerant landrace is one of the appropriate strategies used to overcome salinity problem in arid and semi-arid areas.

scholarly journals MODIFICAÇÕES NO MEIO DE CULTURA, FOTOPERÍODO E TEMPO DE CULTIVO AFETAM O ALONGAMENTO E ENRAIZAMENTO IN VITRO DE BANANEIRA CV. PACOVAN

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Marcos Vinícius Marques Pinheiro ◽  
Ana Cristina Portugal Pinto De Carvalho ◽  
Fabrina Bolzan Martins
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Salt Mixture ◽  
Musa Spp ◽  
Fresh Biomass ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Number Of Leaves

No intuito de elevar as taxas de sobrevivência durante a etapa de aclimatização e posterior plantio a campo, avaliou-se o enraizamento in vitro de bananeira cv. Pacovan, em diferentes concentrações de sais MS e de sacarose. Utilizou-se DIC, esquema fatorial (6x2x3), com seis meios de cultura [sendo três concentrações de nutrientes do meio MS (100%; 50% de macronutrientes; e 50% dos sais macro e micronutrientes), e duas concentrações de sacarose (1,5/3,0%)], dois fotoperíodos (12/16 h) e três tempos de cultivo (21, 28 ou 35 dias) e seis repetições/tratamento. Analisaram-se: altura da planta, número de folhas/planta, massas frescas e secas das partes aérea e radicular. Para altura da planta, massa fresca da parte aérea e radicular, o meio MS 50% dos sais + sacarose (1,5%) com fotoperíodo de 16 h e tempo de cultivo de 35 dias foi satisfatório. Para massa seca da parte aérea foi MS 50% de sais + sacarose (3%), e para massa seca da parte radicular, MS 100% + sacarose (3%) (em 12hs/28 dias e 16hs/21 dias). Para o alongamento/enraizamento in vitro da bananeira cv. Pacovan sugere-se MS 50% de sais (macro e micronutrientes), redução ou manutenção de sacarose (1,5 ou 3%) em 16h/35 dias de cultivo.Palavra-chave: Musa spp., propagação in vitro, sistema radicular. CHANGES IN CULTURE MEDIUM, PHOTOPERIOD AND TIME OF CULTIVATION AFFECT THE IN VITRO ELONGATION AND ROOTING OF BANANA CV. PACOVAN ABSTRACT:In order to achieve high rates of survival during the acclimatization and later planting in the field, was evaluated the in vitro of banana cv. Pacovan plants under different concentrations of sucrose and MS basal salt mixture. The experiment was assembled in a DIC, in 6x2x3, six different culture media [three different MS salt mixture concentrations (100%; 50% of macronutrients; and 50% of macro/micronutrients) and two sucrose concentrations (1.5/3%)], two photoperiods (12/16 hours) and three cultivation times (21, 28 or 35 days). Each treatment was composed by 6 replicates. Plant height, number of leaves/plant, fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots, were analyzed. Satisfactory results for plant height and shoot and root fresh biomass were observed in MS with macro/micronutrients (50%) + sucrose (3%), 16 hours/35 days. The highest values of shoot dry weight were observed in MS with macro/micronutrients (50%) + sucrose (3%); the highest root dry weight was achieved with MS 100% + sucrose (3%) (12hs/28 and 16hs/21 days). The suggested medium for the in vitro elongation and rooting stage of banana cv. Pacovan is the MS with 50% of salts (macro and micronutrients), reduction or maintenance of sucrose (1.5 or 3%) in 16h/35 days of cultivation.Keywords: Musa spp., in vitro propagation, root system. DOI:

scholarly journals Respon Pertumbuhan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq.) Varietas Dyxp Dumpy pada Kondisi Stres Air di Pembibitan Awal

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Wagino Wagino ◽  
Sri Murti Tarigan ◽  
Eka Bobby Febrianto
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Stomatal Density ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Base Diameter ◽  
Root Volume ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Wet Weight

<p>Global climate exchange especially rainfallspurs the growth of oil palm adapt to environmental conditions, so the development of oil palm plantations requires seeds that are able to adapt well in drought conditions.This study aims to determine whether water stress affects the growth of oil palm seedlings and sees the response of the level of resistance of oil palm seeds to drought stress.This research was carried out in the greenhouse garden experiment Medan STIPAP was conducted from January to June 2018. This study used Non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD), which consisted of 3 levels, 3 samples and 3 replications. Parameters to be observed were plant height, stem base diameter, leaf number, root wet weight, root dry weight, plant wet weight, plant dry weight, root volume, root length, stomatal density and number of stomata.The results showed that the difference in giving A1 water (100%) was significantly different from A2 (60%) and A3 (20%) on the parameters of oil palm seedling growth especially for the parameters of plant height, root wet weight, root dry weight, plant wet weight, plant dry weight, root volume, and root length while the base diameter of the stem, number of leaves, stomatal density and number of stomata give no significant effect. Drought stress effected to reduce the growth of stem diameter.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Osmopriming of Boro Rice Seeds on Field Establishment of Seedlings

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. K. Roy ◽  
M. A. R. Sarkar ◽  
S. K. Paul ◽  
A. Dey
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Germination Time ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Germination Vigor

An experiment was conducted at the Seed Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from January to April 2012 to study the effect of osmopriming of Boro rice seed (cv. BRRI dhan29). Seeds were soaked in 1%, 3% and 5% solutions of ZnSO4, KCl and CaCl2 for 24 hours, respectively, with 30 hours incubation at 35°C temperature. Seed quality tests such as percent germination, mean germination time, vigor index, shoot length, root length, shoot dry weight and root dry weight of rice seedlings were measured for all treatments. Population m-2 was also calculated to investigate the field establishment of primed seeds. The highest germination, vigor index, population m-2, shoot length and shoot dry weight at 15 and 30 DAS, root length at 15 DAS, root dry weight at 15 and 30 DAS and the lowest mean germination time was observed from priming of seeds with 3% ZnSO4. Exceptionally, priming with 3% CaCl2 showed the highest root length at 30 DAS. On the contrary, 3% and 5% CaCl2 priming treatment showed the lowest germination, vigor index, population m-2, shoot length and shoot dry weight at 15 and 30 DAS, root length at 15 DAS, root dry weight at 15 and 30 DAS and the highest mean germination time. It can be concluded that rice seed (cv. BRRI dhan29) can be primed with 3% ZnSO4 solution for improving germination and field establishment of rice seedlings.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v1i4.9131  Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 1(4): 228-232

scholarly journals 354 REDUCING ROOTING-OUT PROBLEMS IN POT-IN-POT PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 481d-481
Author(s):  
John M. Ruter
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Latex Paint ◽  
Commercial Formulation ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

A study was conducted with Lagerstroemia indica x fauriei `Acom a' to evaluate methods for reducing rooting-out problems in a PIP production system. The products tested were Biobarrier™, a geotextile fabric impregnated with trifluralin; Root Control'” fabric bag material; and Spin Out™, a commercial formulation of copper hydroxide (7.1%) in latex paint. Biobarrier™ reduced plant height, shoot dry weight, percent root dry weight outside of the planted container and total biomass compared to the non-treated control. For the control, 7.1% of the total root dry weight was found between the holder pot and planted container compared to 0.2% for the Biobarrier™ treatment. When the holder pot and planted container or the planted container and Root Control™ fabric were both treated with Spin Out™, plant height and shoot dry weight were reduced. Spin Out™ reduced root circling on the sidewalls of the planted containers but not on the bottom of the containers. All treatments except the control reduced rooting-out to a degree that allowed for the manual harvesting of the planted container from the holder pot after seven months in the field.

scholarly journals In Vitro Brassica Genotypes Growth Evaluation against NaCl Salt Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Imdad Ali Mahmood ◽  
Armghan Shahzad ◽  
Muhammad Arshad Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Suhaib ◽  
Syed Ishtiaq Hyder
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Half Strength ◽  
Growth Evaluation ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Ranking Order ◽  
Hydroponic Study

A hydroponic study was conducted to see the performance of fifteen Brassica genotypes (BARD-I, Sultan Raya, 19-H, Shiralle, Dunkled, 85-508, Toria, 85-499, BSA, 85-397, 85-500, 85-497, 85-5001, CON-I, and Jewel) for their salt tolerance. Four levels of NaCl (0, 30, 60 and 90 mM/L) were developed. One week old two healthy seedlings of each Brassica genotypes were transplanted in holes of thermopole sheet floating over a 200 mL capacity container having half strength Hoagland solution. Increasing the NaCl salinity significantly reduced the shoot and root dry weight of all Brassica genotypes. On an average, about 47% reduction in shoot dry weight was observed under higher salinity level (90 mM/NaCl). Although, all the genotypes differed among themselves in ability to tolerate salinity however, ranking order of genotypes showed that Sultan Raya performed well followed by BARD-I than rest of the genotypes. Genotype 85-500 produced comparatively the least shoot and root dry weights and accumulated more Na+, less K+ and Ca+2 than rest of the genotypes. The reverse was true for Sultan Raya and BARD-I. The farmers could be benefitted through growing the selected comparatively more tolerant genotypes which could grow and survive under salt stress conditions rather than complete crop failure.

scholarly journals Growth of tomato seedlings in substrates containing a nanocomposite hydrogel with calcium montmorillonite (NC-MMt)

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
Raphael AC Melo ◽  
Marçal HA Jorge ◽  
Adriel Bortolin ◽  
Leonardo S Boiteux ◽  
Caue R Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Peat Moss ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Nanocomposite Hydrogel ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight

ABSTRACT The correct use of hydrogels in some situations can increase seedling survival rates, plant growth, and the water-retention capacity of the growing medium. A technique for the production of a nanocomposite hydrogel using calcium montmorillonite (NC-MMt) was recently developed. However, additional research is necessary in order to validate this innovative input, particularly for the production of vegetable crops seedlings. In this context, the main objective of the present study was to evaluate the growth and development of seedlings, tomato hybrid ‘BRS Nagai’, in substrates containing different amendments of hydrogel NC-MMt. The trial was conducted in a 3x3 factorial arranged in a complete randomized blocks design, with three replications. Three substrates (peat moss, pine bark, and coconut peat) corresponded to the first factor and three rates of the NC-MMt hydrogel (0%= R1, 1.5%= R2 and 2.0%= R3, on a w/w basis) corresponded to the second factor. Each plot was composed of 16 plants that were assessed after three weeks. Overall, peat moss-based and pine bark-based substrates resulted in higher values for most of the analyzed traits: plant emergency percentage, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, plant height/shoot dry weight ratio, root dry weight, shoot dry weight/root dry weight ratio and the Dickinson Quality Index. Rates of NC-MMt hydrogel displayed significant responses only to root superficial area and root volume. NC-MMt hydrogel amendment (mainly 1.5%) combined with specific substrates (mainly peat moss-based substrate) was able to improve the growth of ‘BRS Nagai’ tomato seedlings, with no observed toxic effects.

scholarly journals Adaptation Selection of Plants for Utilization in Phytoremediation of Soil Contaminated by Crude Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Fadliah Salim ◽  
Yadi Setiadi ◽  
Didy Sopandie ◽  
Mohamad Yani
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Total Dry Weight

The research on adaptation selection for utilization in phytoremediation of soil contaminated by crude oil using four type plants, such as Helianthus annuus, Paspalum conjugatum, Sorghum bicolor, and Tagetes erecta were conducted. The adaptability of four types of plants  on crude oil contaminated soil at total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) level at 0, 3, and 6% were observed and evaluated to their morphological and anatomical responses. Parameters observed were vegetative growth of plants including growth precentage, plant height, number of leaves, root length, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, root/shoot ratio, total dry weight, and stomatal density for 9 weeks cultivation in screen house. The results show that increasing in TPH level caused in significant reductions on morphological of four plants, such as percentage of plant growth, plant height, number of leaves, root length, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, and total dry weight. In contrast, the increasing in TPH level caused to increasing in root/shoot ratio. The four types of plants studied were effective to be used as plants for phytoremediation of petroleum contaminated soil. The plants of P. conjugatum and S. bicolor are recommended as phytoremediators for further studies.

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