scholarly journals Impact of Organic and Inorganic Sources of Nutrients on Root Architecture, Soil Microbial Biomass and Yield on Low Land Rice Ecosystem

2021 ◽  
pp. 240-250
Author(s):  
V. R. Senthamizhkumaran ◽  
P. Santhy ◽  
D. Selvi ◽  
T. Kalaiselvi ◽  
K. G. Sabarinathan
Keyword(s):  
Root Architecture ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Rice Ecosystem ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Absolute Control

To study the impact of vermicompost, arbuscular mycorrhizae and FYM application on the rice ecosystem at low land, a field experiment was conducted with rice CO(R) 51 at the Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University in Coimbatore during the winter of 2020. The experiment was framed in Randomized Block Design comprising of 8 treatments viz., Recommended Dose of Fertilizer Soil Test Crop Response approach (T1), RDF 75 % + Farm Yard Manure @ 12.5 t ha-1 (T2), T2 + Seed treatment with Azospirillum and Phosphobacteria + Soil application of AM fungi (T3), RDF 75 % + Vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1 (T4), T4 + Seed treatment with Azospirillum and Phosphobacteria + Soil application of AM fungi (T5), FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1 + Seed treatment with Azospirillum and Phosphobacteria + Soil application of AM fungi (T6), Vermicompost @ 5 t ha-1+ Seed treatment with Azospirillum and Phosphobacteria + Soil application of AM fungi (T7) and Absolute control (T8) and replicated thrice. The maximum microbial population were registered in the plots that received integrated nutrient application of RDF 75 % STCR approach + Vermicompost 5 t ha-1 + seed treatment with Azospirillum and Phosphobacteria + Soil application of AM fungi. Rice root architecture has changed significantly as a result of mycorrhizal inoculation. Mycorrhizal rice plants have more root volume, length, and spread than plants without mycorrhizae. Nutrient retention and availability influenced the presence of microbial-mediated metabolic activities and nutrient transformations during crop growth. Bacteria, fungus, and actinomycetes became less abundant as the crop reached harvest. The population density of mycorrhizospheres that utilize both organic and inorganic fertilizers is higher. The treatments that received Vermicompost or FYM with Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae and Nitrogen, Phosphorous & Potassium fertilizers obtained the highest yields of rice grain and straw (6740 and 7840 kg ha-1) respectively, and it was clear that the combination of Vermicompost or FYM, VAM and along with NPK fertilizers produced significantly higher yields than their individual applications and absolute control.

Impact of Cobalt Application Methods on Chickpea Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Status of Soil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Onte ◽  
Nitin N Gudadhe ◽  
Nilima Karmakar ◽  
Raju G. Ladumor
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cobalt Content ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
The Impact

A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2015-2016 at Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari to study the impact of cobalt application methods on chickpea yield, nutrient content and soil status. Four cobalt application methods with three levels of each were evaluated with one absolute control and one with seed priming of water were evaluated with randomized block design with three replications. Least level of seed treatment, soil application and foliar application of cobalt gave highest chickpea seed yield and decreased there after. As cobalt levels increased, NPK content and uptake are decreased linearly in all the methods except seed priming method, however cobalt content and uptake increased linearly by seed treatment and foliar application, on the contrary it decreased linearly by seed priming and soil application of cobalt. Soil application of cobalt at 50 g ha-1 recorded highest chickpea seed yield, residual NPK and Co and which can be useful for succeeding crop and this can be recommended from the cobalt nutrition point of view in plants and animals followed by seed priming at 1 ppm.

scholarly journals Biological, botanical and chemical alternatives for the control of blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth.) diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 8169-8176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Darío Hincapié Echeverri ◽  
Alegría Saldarriaga Cardona ◽  
Cipriano Díaz Diez
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
San Antonio ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Absolute Control

In order to control the main diseases that affect blackberries (Rubus glaucus Benth.), a research in which 12 treatments to San Antonio ecotype plants originated in vitro was conducted. These treatments were: 1: Trichoderma harzianum+richoderma koningii (Tropical Fungus), 2: Trichoderma sp. (Bioprotection), 3: Trichoderma koningiopsis (Th003 Trichoderma), 4: Trichoderma asperellum (Th034 Trichoderma), 5: Trichoderma asperellum (T-30 Trichoderma), 6: Trichoderma asperellum (T-98 Trichoderma), 7:Burkholderia cepacia (Botrycid), 8: extract of Swinglea glutinosa (Ecoswin), 9: traditional farming treatments (Mancozeb, Propamocarb), 10: chemical products applications (Mancozeb, Mandipropamida, Carbendazim, Propamocar and Metalaxil+Mancozeb) alternated according to the impact of the disease, 11: chemical products applications alternated with organic products according to the suppliers recommendations and presence of the diseases, 12: absolute control, no treatment was applied to the plants. The applications were carried out every 15 days, each plant was an experimental unit and each treatment was made of five experimental units. 12 treatments were made through a RCBD (randomized complete block design) with three repetitions for a total of 15 experimental units per treatment. The assessments were performed every 8 days, and the variables were: number of healthy and sick fruits/treatment, costs/treatment and gross profit. A variance analysis and a Tukey test 5% were made. The best treatments were T11 (rotation of chemicals with biological products), T10 (rotation of chemical products according to the impact of the disease) and T3 (T. koningiopsis); considering the obtained performance/treatment, treatment cost and profit.

scholarly journals Eco-friendly management of major diseases in jute (Corchorus olitorius L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. Meena ◽  
A. Roy ◽  
B. S. Gotyal ◽  
S. Mitra ◽  
S. Satpathy
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Corchorus Olitorius ◽  
Farm Yard Manure ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Fibre Yield ◽  
Cent Disease

Field experiment was conducted for disease management with seven eco-friendly treatments in Corchorus olitorius jute during 2012-2013 under randomized block design (RBD) in three replications with variety JRO-524. The ecofriendly treatment 50% N: P: K + seed treatments with Azotobacter and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) @ 5g/Kg+ Trichoderma viride (seed treatment @ 5g/Kg of seed and soil application @ 2Kg/ha at 21DAS) + Psuedomonas fluorescens spray @ 0.2% at 45DAS was found superior with minimum per cent disease incidence (3.46 and 1.43%) as compared to control (13.17 and 4.96%). The second best treatment was found with Farm yard manure (FYM) @ 5t/ha + seed treatment with Azotobecter and PSB @ 5g/Kg+ T. viride (seed treatment @ 5g/Kg of seed and soil application @ 2Kg/ha 21DAS)+ P. fluorescencs spray @ 0.2% at 45DAS and showed 3.61 and 2.0% disease incidence. The treatment with N: P: K @ 60:30:30 and seed treatment with carbendazim 50WP @ 2g/Kg at 45DAS showed 4.56 and 2.10 % disease incidence. Dry fibre yield was highest (30.33q/ha) in the plots treated with FYM @ 5t/ha + seed treatment with Azotobacter and PSB @ 5g/Kg+ T. viride (seed treatment @ 5g/Kg of seed and soil application @ 2Kg/ha at 21DAS) + P. fluorescencs spray @ 0.2% at 45DAS) and it was lowest in untreated control (15.69 q/ha).Variation in yield was attributed due to difference in plant height.

scholarly journals Carbon-nitrogen ratio in soils with fertilizer applications and nutrient absorption in banana (Musa spp.) cv. Williams

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
Wilson Antonio Pérez ◽  
Jaime Torres-Bazurto
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Sixth Generation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Absolute Control ◽  
Total Soil Nitrogen

This research took place in Uraba, Antioquia, in the CENIBANANO-AUGURA experimental field, where a research program on nutrition and fertilization in bananas is carried out. This crop requires high amounts of nitrogen for production, so it is indispensable to evaluate the impact of these applications on the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) in soil. Published literature is scarce for this problem. This research evaluated the C/N ratio in areas with fertilizer applications and nutrient uptake, along with the interaction with production in a banana crop of the AAA group giant Cavendish subgroup, Williams clone, sixth generation in two production cycles. A randomized complete block design was used with five treatments that consisted of differential doses of nitrogen (161, 321.8, and 483 kg ha-1), and an omission and absolute control distributed in four replicates. The treatments with nitrogen doses generated statistical differences for the interactions between the two study zones for the percentages of carbon and total soil nitrogen and C/N ratios; the highest values were found in the fertilization zone during the first production cycle (2.47% C, 0.33% N, and 7.7 C/N ratio). The treatment with 483 kg ha-1 of N obtained the greatest increases in the values for these variables that are attributed to the highest dose of nitrogen and the residual acidity of urea that was able to release non-free carbon from the soil. For this reason, the correlation analysis for the C/N ratio and production was significant for the study areas (absorption and fertilization), inferring that higher C/N ratio values tend to increase production.

scholarly journals Grain yield and termite damage in rice by compaction on the furrow and seed treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 1813-1820 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veneraldo Pinheiro ◽  
◽  
Luís Fernando Stone ◽  
José Alexandre Freitas Barrigossi ◽  
Adriano Stephan Nascente
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Compaction ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Compaction Pressure ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Tillage System

Abstract The objective of this work was to determine the effects of soil compaction pressure on the sowing furrow and of seed treatments with insecticides on grain yield and on termite damage in upland rice plants under no-tillage, in the Center West region of Brazil. Three experiments were carried out, consisting of five seed treatments combined with three (first experiment) or four (second and third experiments) compaction pressures in a randomized complete block design, in a factorial arrangement. The seed treatments were: T0, without treatment; T1, imidacloprid+thiodicarb; T2, thiamethoxam; T3, carbofuran; and T4, fipronil+pyraclostrobin+thiophanate-methyl. The compaction pressures applied were: 25, 42, and 268 kPa, in the first experiment; and these same pressures plus 126 kPa in the second and third experiments. Seed treatment was effective in increasing rice grain yield, from 1,753 to 4,141 kg ha-1, especially in the lowest compaction pressure of 25 kPa. Soil compaction around 180 kPa in the sowing furrow results in higher rice grain yield and in fewer stems killed by termites. The use of soil compaction on the sowing furrow with seed treatment significantly increases rice grain yield under a no-tillage system.

Identification of Suitable Cobalt Application Method and Optimum Level for Enhancing of Chickpea Yield

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh Onte ◽  
Nitin N Gudadhe ◽  
Raju G Ladumor ◽  
Nilima Karmakar ◽  
Magan Singh
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Randomized Block Design

A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2015-2016 at Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari to identify suitable cobalt application method and optimum level for enhancing chickpea yield. There were four cobalt application methods and three levels of cobalt each i.e. seed priming at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 ppm, seed treatment at 1, 2 and 3 g kg-1 seed, soil application at 50, 100 and 150 g ha-1, foliar application at 0.01, 0.025 and 0.05% and one control with water priming and one without seed treatment were evaluated in randomized block design with three replications. In general least level of all methods has recorded highest growth and yield of chickpea. As cobalt levels increased, growth and yield of chickpea was decreased linearly in all methods. Soil application of 50 g CoCl2 ha-1 produced highest seed yield hence this treatment can be recommended for higher seed yield and can be useful for succeeding crop.

scholarly journals Rice grain yield as affected by subsoiling, compaction on sowing furrow and seed treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 395-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veneraldo Pinheiro ◽  
Luís F. Stone ◽  
José A. F. Barrigossi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Quadratic Response

ABSTRACT This study aimed to determine the effects of subsoiling, compaction on sowing furrow and seed treatments with insecticides on the grain yield of upland rice cultivated under no-tillage. Two experiments were carried out, one in an area with and the other in an area without subsoiling, in which five seed treatments combined with five compaction pressures on the sowing furrow were compared in a randomized block design, in a factorial scheme, with three replicates. The seed treatments were: T0 - without treatment, T1 - imidacloprid + thiodicarb, T2 - thiamethoxam, T3 - carbofuran, and T4 - fipronil + pyraclostrobin + thiophanate methyl. The compaction pressures were: 25, 42, 126, 268 and 366 kPa. Subsoiling positively affected rice yield in the presence of higher compaction pressures on the sowing furrow. Seed treatment was effective at increasing rice grain yield only at the lowest compaction pressures. Rice yield showed quadratic response to compaction on the sowing furrow, with maximum values obtained at pressures ranging from 238.5 to 280.3 kPa.

scholarly journals Biofertilizers Application to Improve Growth of Maize and Soil Nutrients

2021 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 03020
Author(s):  
Betty Natalie Fitriatin ◽  
Muhammad Iqbal Maulana Yusuf ◽  
Emma Trinurani Sofyan ◽  
Anne Nurbaity
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Productivity Improvement ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Randomized Block Design

Conventional productivity improvement still relies on the use of inorganic fertilizers. The continuous use of inorganic fertilizers is not effective in supporting the improvement of soil health; therefore it is necessary to use environmentally friendly fertilizers such as bio fertilizers. A pot experiment was carried out to study the effect of bio fertilizers application method on growth of maize and soil nutrient (Ntotal and P-available). Randomized block design was used with nine treatments repeated three times. Liquid bio fertilizers based mollases consist of nitrogen fixing bacteria (Azotobacter chroococcum and Azospirillum) and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (Pseudomonas malei and Bacillus subtillis). The treatments consisted of control, application of biofertilizers to seed (seed treatment) at a dose of 500 ml ha-1 and 250 ml ha-1, application to the soil (soil application with a dose of 5 L and 2.5 L ha-1, and combinations of seed and soil application. The results showed that application of biofertilizer increased soil nitrogen (Ntotal), P-available and growth of maize. The combinations of seed and soil application gave a better effect than seed treatment or soil application. Seed treatment 250 ml ha-1 + soil application 2,5 L ha-1 increased soil nitrogen by 127.2% and P-available by 42.2%.

scholarly journals INDUKSI KETAHANAN TANAMAN JAHE TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU Ralstonia solanacearum RAS 4 MENGGUNAKAN FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR (FMA) INDIGENUS

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Netty Suharti ◽  
Trimurti Habazar ◽  
Nasril Nasir ◽  
Dachryanus Dachryanus ◽  
Jamsari Jamsari
Keyword(s):  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wilt Disease ◽  
Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Ginger Rhizome ◽  
Race 4

Bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum race 4 is a yield-limiting disease of ginger. A study to investigate the ability of indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF) to reduce bacteria wilt disease has been done. This research was designed by using Randomized Block Design (RBD) at greenhouse experiments, using eight AMF isolates with six replication. As supporting data, population R. solanacearum race 4 after treatments was assesed. The results showed that aplication of indigenous AMF  to ginger rhizome as seed treatment dicreased disease incidence, support ginger growth and production such as the seedling formation 150%, plant height 98.6%, the number of leaf 115,7%.  As the result yield of ginger rhizome increased by 400 % and phyloplan 598,3%, respectively, compared to the control.

INFLUENCE OF GREENHOUSE SHADING AND DIFFERENT NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ALLEVIATING HEAT STRESS, IMPROVING PLANT NUTRIENTS STATUS, FLOWERING GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1001-1014
Author(s):  
Sulaiman & Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nutrition Programs ◽  
The Impact

The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse during 2017 and 2018 growing seasons to evaluate the impact of the shading and various nutrition programs on mitigating heat stress, reducing the use of chemical minerals, improving the reproductive growth and yield of tomato plant. Split-plot within Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted in this study. Shading factor was allocated in the main plots and the nutrition programs distributed randomly in the subplots. Results indicate that shading resulted in the decrease of daytime temperature by 5.7˚C as an average for both seasons; thus a significant increasing was found in leaf contents of macro nutrients (Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and Potassium), and micro nutrients (Iron, Zinc and Boron), except the Iron content in 2018 growing season. Furthermore, shading improved significantly the reproductive growth and tomato yield. Among the plant nutrition programs, the integrated nutrient management (INM) including the application of organic substances, bio inoculum of AMF and 50% of the recommended dose of chemical fertilizers; lead to the enhancement of nutrients content, reproductive characteristics and plant yield. Generally, combination of both shading and INM showed positive effects on plants nutrient status and persisting balance on tomato flowering growth and fruits yield.

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