scholarly journals Carbon-nitrogen ratio in soils with fertilizer applications and nutrient absorption in banana (Musa spp.) cv. Williams

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-260
Author(s):  
Wilson Antonio Pérez ◽  
Jaime Torres-Bazurto
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Sixth Generation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Production Cycles ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Absolute Control ◽  
Total Soil Nitrogen

This research took place in Uraba, Antioquia, in the CENIBANANO-AUGURA experimental field, where a research program on nutrition and fertilization in bananas is carried out. This crop requires high amounts of nitrogen for production, so it is indispensable to evaluate the impact of these applications on the carbon-nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) in soil. Published literature is scarce for this problem. This research evaluated the C/N ratio in areas with fertilizer applications and nutrient uptake, along with the interaction with production in a banana crop of the AAA group giant Cavendish subgroup, Williams clone, sixth generation in two production cycles. A randomized complete block design was used with five treatments that consisted of differential doses of nitrogen (161, 321.8, and 483 kg ha-1), and an omission and absolute control distributed in four replicates. The treatments with nitrogen doses generated statistical differences for the interactions between the two study zones for the percentages of carbon and total soil nitrogen and C/N ratios; the highest values were found in the fertilization zone during the first production cycle (2.47% C, 0.33% N, and 7.7 C/N ratio). The treatment with 483 kg ha-1 of N obtained the greatest increases in the values for these variables that are attributed to the highest dose of nitrogen and the residual acidity of urea that was able to release non-free carbon from the soil. For this reason, the correlation analysis for the C/N ratio and production was significant for the study areas (absorption and fertilization), inferring that higher C/N ratio values tend to increase production.

scholarly journals Decomposition and Nutrient Release of Selected Cereal and Legume Crop Residues

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Anguria ◽  
George N. Chemining’wa ◽  
Richard N. Onwonga ◽  
Michael A. Ugen
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Legume Crop ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio

Crop residues have the potential to enhance soil fertility, but this is dependent on their biochemical quality. A study was conducted at the National Semi-Arid Resources Research Institute-Serere, Uganda to determine the chemical composition, nutrient release patterns and rates of selected crop residues. The design used was randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments comprised of 20g of finger millet, sorghum, cowpea and groundnut crop residues. Finger millet had the highest initial C (36.28%) and N (3.46%), cowpea had the highest initial P (0.60%) and Ca (0.30%) and groundnut shells had significantly the highest initial K (1.01%). Finger millet husks with the lowest carbon/nitrogen ratio, had significantly the highest rate of dry matter disappearance and nutrient release, while groundnut shells with the highest carbon/nitrogen and carbon/phosphorus ratios had significantly the lowest nutrient release and dry matter disappearance rates. At the end of incubation, finger millet husks had significantly the lowest N (0.29%) and C (10.22%), while cowpea husks had the lowest P (0.27%), K (0.18%) and Ca (0.27%). Nutrient release and dry matter disappearance rates of crop residues occurred in the order of N > K > P > Ca and finger millet husks > cowpea husks > sorghum husks > groundnut shells, respectively. This study has demonstrated that finger millet husks released nutrients faster and this is beneficial for early planted crops, while groundnut shells released nutrients slowly which is appropriate for long term availability of plant nutrients.

scholarly journals Effect of farrowing pen size on pre-weaning performance of piglets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine D Vande Pol ◽  
Austin L Laudwig ◽  
Aaron M Gaines ◽  
Beau A Peterson ◽  
Caleb M Shull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross Fostering ◽  
Size At Birth

Abstract Litter sizes in commercial pig production have increased substantially over recent years; however, farrowing pen sizes have generally not changed over the same time period. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of farrowing pen size on piglet pre-weaning growth and mortality. Differences in pen size were created by varying the width of pens of the same length, increasing the creep area available to the piglets. The study used a total of 1,786 litters in a randomized complete block design to compare two Farrowing Pen Size treatments (FPS): Standard (pen width 1.52 m) and Increased (pen width 1.68 m). Litter sizes were equalized across treatments (12.9 ± 1.95 piglets) at 24 h after birth using cross-fostering. Litter weights were collected at birth and weaning (21.3 ± 2.08 d); pre-weaning mortality was recorded. The experimental unit was the litter; models included FPS and replicate. Farrowing Pen Size had no effect (P > 0.05) on litter size at birth (12.8 and 13.0 for the Standard and Increased FPS, respectively), after cross-fostering (12.9 for both treatments), or at weaning (11.2 and 11.3, respectively). There was no effect (P > 0.05) of FPS on total litter or average piglet weight at birth, after cross-fostering, and at weaning. These results suggest no benefit in piglet performance from increasing the width of farrowing pens. As litter sizes continue to increase in commercial production, further research is warranted to re-evaluate the impact of farrowing pen size on pre-weaning mortality.

scholarly journals Impact of Brushing and Infill Maintenance on Field Safety of Third Generation Synthetic Turf

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Kyley Dickson ◽  
John Sorochan ◽  
William Strunk ◽  
Taylor Williams
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Athletic Field ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Synthetic Turf

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of brushing and infill maintenance of third generation (3G) synthetic turf on field safety. A split-plot randomized complete block design was used with six different fiber pile heights, infill depths, and shock pad combinations subjected to 120 games in the summer of 2017 at the Center for Athletic Field Safety (CAFS) in Knoxville, TN, USA. Traffic was applied with a CAFS traffic simulator. Half of the plots received maintenance every 20 games with a rotating power broom and infill applied to those below manufacturer’s recommendations. All 3G synthetic turf systems required maintenance to the same degree, and maintenance was necessary to keep surface hardness of 3G synthetic turf systems consistent and acceptable. Overall, field safety and consistency increased in this study due to maintenance, thus suggesting brushing and infill maintenance plays a vital role in maintaining high performance on 3G synthetic fields.

scholarly journals Biological, botanical and chemical alternatives for the control of blackberry (Rubus glaucus Benth.) diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 8169-8176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Darío Hincapié Echeverri ◽  
Alegría Saldarriaga Cardona ◽  
Cipriano Díaz Diez
Keyword(s):  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
San Antonio ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Absolute Control

In order to control the main diseases that affect blackberries (Rubus glaucus Benth.), a research in which 12 treatments to San Antonio ecotype plants originated in vitro was conducted. These treatments were: 1: Trichoderma harzianum+richoderma koningii (Tropical Fungus), 2: Trichoderma sp. (Bioprotection), 3: Trichoderma koningiopsis (Th003 Trichoderma), 4: Trichoderma asperellum (Th034 Trichoderma), 5: Trichoderma asperellum (T-30 Trichoderma), 6: Trichoderma asperellum (T-98 Trichoderma), 7:Burkholderia cepacia (Botrycid), 8: extract of Swinglea glutinosa (Ecoswin), 9: traditional farming treatments (Mancozeb, Propamocarb), 10: chemical products applications (Mancozeb, Mandipropamida, Carbendazim, Propamocar and Metalaxil+Mancozeb) alternated according to the impact of the disease, 11: chemical products applications alternated with organic products according to the suppliers recommendations and presence of the diseases, 12: absolute control, no treatment was applied to the plants. The applications were carried out every 15 days, each plant was an experimental unit and each treatment was made of five experimental units. 12 treatments were made through a RCBD (randomized complete block design) with three repetitions for a total of 15 experimental units per treatment. The assessments were performed every 8 days, and the variables were: number of healthy and sick fruits/treatment, costs/treatment and gross profit. A variance analysis and a Tukey test 5% were made. The best treatments were T11 (rotation of chemicals with biological products), T10 (rotation of chemical products according to the impact of the disease) and T3 (T. koningiopsis); considering the obtained performance/treatment, treatment cost and profit.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Levels of Fertilizers on Productivity and Nutrient Dynamics of Browntop Millet

2020 ◽  
pp. 308-320
Author(s):  
K. V. Anitha ◽  
T. Chikkaramappa ◽  
P. K. Basavaraja ◽  
N. B. Prakash ◽  
K. Murali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
Absolute Control ◽  
Micronutrient Availability

A field experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Baljigapade, Chikkaballapur taluk and district, which comes under the Eastern Dry Zone of Karnataka during Kharif season 2018. The experimental plot in the field was laid out following a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with fourteen treatments and three replications. The treatments included two levels of N and P2O5 (20 and 30 kg ha-1) and three levels of K2O (10,20 and 30 kg ha-1). Farmyard manure was applied at the rate of 6.25 t ha-1 to all the treatments except absolute control. Results indicated that application of 30 kg N+30 kg P2O5+30 kg K2O ha-1 with Farm Yard Manure (FYM) increased the micronutrient availability in soil N (150.29 kg ha-1), P2O5 (17.60 kg ha-1), K2O (160.84 kg ha-1). Application of FYM @ 6.25 t ha-1+30 kg N+20 kg P2O5 +20 kg K2O ha-1 significantly increased growth, yield, macronutrient content and uptake by brown top millet grain and straw against absolute control. The grain yield of browntop millet was increased by 61.46 percent in T10 and 59.07 percent in T9 as compared to the absolute control.

scholarly journals Evolution of nitrogen mineralization dynamics and bean production with three different organic amendments in the arid soil of south Tunisia

Italus Hortus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Nissaf Karbout ◽  
Houda Beser ◽  
Latifa Dhaouidi ◽  
Mohamad Wahba ◽  
Mohamed Moussa
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Soil Salinization ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Bean Plants ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
One Year ◽  
Experimental Trials ◽  
The Impact

Although the importance of organic amendments on arid soils of semi-arid and arid lands in improving long-term soil fertility, the excessive use of these amendments may induce the mineralization of the soil’s native organic components. Thus, this study focused on the examination of the impact of the use of three different amendments, sewage sludge, compost, and horse manure on nitrogen soil dynamics as well on the physico-chemical characteristics (soil texture, nitrogen cycle, and carbon concentration) and plant characteristics (morphology and production). In this context, the present work discusses one of the major issues challenging sustainable agriculture development related to increasing land degradation, soil salinization, and fertility loss. The three amendments were applied on the soil collected at the Institute of Arid Regions of Gabes. The findings of these experimental trials indicated that compost seems to be the most valuable organic amendment that may be used for an adequate supply of nitrogen and optimal benefits for plant growth. The highest mineral nitrogen content was found in the treatment with sludge. The manure-based treatment had the highest carbon/nitrogen ratio (C/N=25). The effects of the amendments were well reflected in the growth and production of bean plants after one year from the amendment. An increase in biomass was observed in the amended pots. The highest increase in pods biomass was obtained in the pots amended with sewage sludge and vegetable compost followed by household manure treatment

scholarly journals Growth assessment of juvenile oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) intercropped with fruit vegetables in a rainforest zone of Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Ayodele Samuel OLUWATOBI ◽  
Kehinde Stephen OLORUNMAIYE ◽  
Olabisi Fatimo ADEKOLA
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Ondo State ◽  
Oil Palms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Growth Assessment

<p>Improper intercropping of <em>Elaeis guineensis</em> with other crops has impaired the growth and development of the oil palm due to competition for environmental resources. The study was conducted to investigate the impact of intercropping on the growth of juvenile oil palm for 2 years. The research commenced during the rainy season of 2016 at an established juvenile oil palm plantation in Ala, Akure-North Local Government of Ondo State. Four fruit vegetables were intercropped separately within the alley of the plantation at 1, 2 or 3 m away from the oil palms in a randomized complete block design. Growth parameters of the juvenile oils were assessed. Results revealed that at 16 weeks after intercropping (WAI), the intercropped oil palm recorded better growth performance with higher canopy spread, number of frond, number of leaflets and trunk height (218.20, 37.00, 87.48 and 38.17 cm) respectively, than the sole oil palms (214.67, 32.83, 72.89 and 31.67 cm) respectively. There were no significant difference in all the growth parameters examined except canopy height (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Juvenile oil palm cultivated in rainforest agroecological zone of Nigeria can be intercropped with fruit vegetables without any deleterious effect when intercropped at minimum of 1 m away from the oil palms.</p>

Integrated use of phosphorus and organic matter improve fodder yield of moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) under irrigated and dryland conditions of Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
AMANULLAH . ◽  
ASIF IQBAL ◽  
ASAD ALI ◽  
MAZHAR IQBAL ◽  
IKRAMULLAH . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Vigna Aconitifolia ◽  
Moth Bean ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Fodder Yield ◽  
The Impact

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of phosphorus (30, 45 and 60 kg P ha-1) and organic matter (canola straw, berseem straw and farmyard manure) on growth and fodder yield of moth bean (Vigna aconitifolia Jacq.) under irrigated and dryland conditions. The experiment was conducted under two field conditions viz. (i) with irrigation and (ii) without irrigation (dryland). The experiment under each field condition was laid out in a randomized complete block design having three replications. The results revealed that P and organic matter treated plots (rest) under both irrigated and dryland conditions had better growth and produced higher fresh and dry fodder yields over control (no P and no organic matter applied). Moth bean planted under irrigated condition (no moisture stress) had improved growth, and produced higher fresh and dry fodder yields over dryland condition. Increasing the rate of P increased growth, fresh and dry fodder yields (60 kg P ha-1 > 45 kg P ha-1 > 30 kg P ha-1). Increase in growth, fresh and dry yields was obtained with the application of farmyard manure over plant residues incorporation. We concluded from this study that application of P at the highest rate of 60 kg P ha-1 along with farmyard manure (5 t ha-1) as source of OM improve growth and fodder yield of moth bean under irrigated and dryland conditions under semiarid climates.

scholarly journals Nutrient accumulation models in the banana (Musa AAA Simmonds cv Williams) plant under nitrogen doses

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Torres Bazurto ◽  
Jaiver Danilo Sanchez ◽  
Daniel Gerardo Cayon Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Plant Development ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Nutrient Accumulation ◽  
Banana Plant ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Absolute Control

This research determined the effect of four nitrogen (N) doses on the nutritional behavior of (N), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg), respectively, in banana Williams, during five plant development stages and two productive cycles. The treatments were as follows: 1) absolute control, 2) 0 N, 3) 161 kg N ha-1, 4) 321.8 kg N ha-1 and 5) 483 kg N ha-1, respectively. A multivariate approach of the differences among cycles was used to adjust the models and eliminate their individual effect, with a randomized complete block design with repeated measurements over time. There were significant differences among plant development stages, with an increase in nutrient accumulation in the banana plant, there were no differences among treatments or blocks, nor in the interaction block by treatment, but the dose of 321.8 kg of N, exhibited a fructification increase in terms of N accumulation, harvest was exceeded by the dose of 483 kg of nitrogen, Ca and Mg, were the other nutrients, which showed effect at the dose of 483 kg of N but increasing only to harvest. It was concluded that high doses of nitrogen showed a trend to increase nutrient accumulation during the development of the banana plant, but especially until fructification, with the exception of Ca and Mg, which achieved the greatest accumulation in harvest.

scholarly journals Effect of Adding Wings to the Shallow Tines on the Performance of Subsoiler Plow in the Soil Disturbed Area, Soil Pulverization Index & Equivalent Energy of Pulverization

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-206
Author(s):  
Murtadha A. A. Alfaris ◽  
Salim Almaliki ◽  
Sadiq J. Muhsin
Keyword(s):  
Clay Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Disturbed Area ◽  
Mean Weight Diameter ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
The Impact

The experiment was performed using locally manufactured subsoiler plow provided with wings on the outside of shallow tines feet to study the impact of adding the wings and depth of tillage on the disturbance area of soil, soil pulverization index (mean weight diameter, MWD) and the equivalent energy of soil pulverization (Eq EP) in clay soil. This experiment was done in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD), with three replications having a factorial experiment. Three tillage depths (40, 50, and 60cm) with and without wings on the feet of shallow tines were used. The results showed that the impact of adding wings and tillage depths had a significant effect on the disturbance area, soil pulverization index and the equivalent energy of soil pulverization (p < 0.05). The treatment of adding wings on shallow tines (S+shw) has pre-eminence in studied factors. The disturbed area increased by 11.11, 14.29 and 9.80%, the MWD decreased by 27.33, 32.31 and 19.38% and the Eq EP increased by 43.19, 53.03 and 25.13% when the depth of tillage increased from 40, 50 and 60cm respectively.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document