INDUKSI KETAHANAN TANAMAN JAHE TERHADAP PENYAKIT LAYU Ralstonia solanacearum RAS 4 MENGGUNAKAN FUNGI MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR (FMA) INDIGENUS

Bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum race 4 is a yield-limiting disease of ginger. A study to investigate the ability of indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF) to reduce bacteria wilt disease has been done. This research was designed by using Randomized Block Design (RBD) at greenhouse experiments, using eight AMF isolates with six replication. As supporting data, population R. solanacearum race 4 after treatments was assesed. The results showed that aplication of indigenous AMF to ginger rhizome as seed treatment dicreased disease incidence, support ginger growth and production such as the seedling formation 150%, plant height 98.6%, the number of leaf 115,7%. As the result yield of ginger rhizome increased by 400 % and phyloplan 598,3%, respectively, compared to the control.

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PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN SUMBER PUPUK KALIUM TERHADAP PRODUKSI DAN MUTU MINYAK TANAMAN NILAM

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v18n2.2012.60-65 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

M. SYAKIR ◽

GUSMAINI GUSMAINI

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Block Design ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Aromatic Plant ◽

Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽

Potassium Sources ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Pogostemon Cablin ◽

Cultivation Technology

ABSTRAK Tanaman nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth) sudah lama dibudi- dayakan, namun produktivitas dan mutu minyak yang dihasilkan masih rendah. Rendahnya produktivitas dan mutu minyak tersebut antara lain disebabkan teknologi budidaya yang masih sederhana, dan berkembangnya penyakit, seperti penyakit layu bakteri dan budog, serta hama yang disebabkan oleh nematoda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh sumber dan dosis kalium yang tepat dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman nilam. Kegiatan ini merupakan penelitian lapang yang dilakukan di Kuningan, Jawa Barat, dari bulan Januari sampai Desember 2009. Percobaan disusun menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap, 9 perlakuan dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri atas 1) kontrol, 2) dosis KCl 60 kg/ha, 3) dosis KCl 120 kg/ha, 4) dosis KCl 180 kg/ha, 5) dosis KCl 240 kg/ha, 6) dosis K 2 SO 4 60 kg/ha, 7) dosis K 2 SO 4 120 kg/ha, 8) dosis K 2 SO 4 180 kg/ha, 9) dosis K 2 SO 4 240 kg/ha. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sumber dan dosis kalium secara nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Pertumbuhan tanaman, produksi terna kering, kadar dan produksi minyak nilam terbaik ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan KCl atau K 2 SO 4 dengan dosis 60 kg/ha. Serapan hara N dan P yang tertinggi ditunjukkan oleh perlakuan pemberian 60 kg K 2 SO 4 /ha dan serapan hara K tertinggi pada perlakuan 120 kg KCl/ha. Kata kunci : Pogostemon cablin Benth, kalium, sumber, dosis, produksi, patchouli alkoholABSTRACT Effect of potassium sources on application yield and quality of patchouli Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) is an aromatic plant that has long been cultivated in Indonesia, however its productivity and quality are still low due to simple cultivation technology, and the development of diseases, such as bacterial wilt disease, budog, and pests caused by nematodes. This study aimed at obtaining sources and dosage of potassium fertilizers to increase plant growth and oil yield of patchouli. The research was conducted in Kuningan, West Java, from May to December 2009 and was arranged using randomized block design, with 9 treatments and 3 replicates. There were 9 treatments consisting of : 1) control, 2) 60 kg KCl/ha, 3) 120 kg KCl/ha, 4) 180 kg KCl/ha, 5) 240 kg KCl/ha, 6) 60 kg K 2 SO 4 /ha, 7) 120 kg K 2 SO 4 /ha, 8) 180 kg K 2 SO 4 /ha, and 9) 240 kg K 2 SO 4 /ha. The research results showed that the sources and dosage of potassium fertilizers significantly affected growth, fresh herbal yield and patchouli oil. The best plant growth, dry herbage yield, content and yield of patchouli oil were obtained from the treatment of 60 kg/ha of KCl or K 2 SO 4 . The highest N and P uptakes were shown by 60 kg K 2 SO 4 /ha treatment and the highest K nutrient uptake was shown by 120 kg KCl/ha. Key words : Pogostemon cablin Benth, potassium, source, dosage, yield, patchouli olcohol

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POTENTIAL OF MEDICINAL PLANT EXTRACTS IN INDUCING PLANT RESISTANCE ON GINGER AGAINST BACTERIAL WILT DISEASE

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v20n4.2014.187-194 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 187

Author(s):

SRI YUNI HARTATI ◽

SUPRIADI SUPRIADI ◽

SRI RAHAYUNINGSIH

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Plant Resistance ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽

Medicinal Plant Extracts

ABSTRACT Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most destructive diseases on ginger. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of five different medicinal plants extracts (Acalypha indica, Andrographis paniculata, Centella asiatica, Curcuma xanthorrhiza, and Spinosa oleracea) as sources of plant resistance inducer compounds (elicitor) against bacterial wilt disease on ginger. Salicylic acid was used as a standard synthetical compound, as well as, water as a control treatment. The study was conducted at the Indonesian Spice and Medicinal Crops Research Institute, Bogor in 2010-2011. Research was conducted in Completely Randomized Design that consisted of 7 treatments, 3 replicates, and 10 plants/ replicate. Ginger seeds were planted in a mixture of soil and manure in polybags. One-month old ginger plants were sprayed or drenched with each of the medicinal plant extract before and after R. solanacearum inoculation. This experiment indicated that the medicinal plant extracts tested were effective in reducing wilt disease incidence on ginger. Their effectiveness varied depended on the plant species and the application method used. Among those five medicinal plant extracts tested, A. indica, A. paniculata, and C. xanthorrhiza were the most stable and effective. Their effectiveness were comparable with the standard compound of salicylic acid. This finding indicated that A. indica, A. paniculata, and C. xanthorrhiza were potentially used as sources of botanical elicitor compounds. The use of those medicinal plant extracts as sources of botanical elicitor, hopefully could increase ginger resistance and rhizome production, as well as reduce the use of synthetic pesticides. Keywords: Medicinal plant extracts, elicitor compounds, induced resistance, ginger, wilt disease ABSTRAK Layu bakteri yang disebabkan oleh Ralstonia solanacearum merupakan salah satu penyakit yang merusak tanaman jahe. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi potensi lima jenis ekstrak tanaman obat (akar kucing, sambiloto, pegagan, temulawak, dan bayam duri) sebagai sumber senyawa penginduksi ketahanan (elisitor) tanaman jahe terhadap penyakit layu. Pada penelitian ini digunakan asam salisilat sebagai senyawa sintetik standard dan air sebagai perlakuan kontrol. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Bogor pada tahun 2010-2011. Percobaan dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri atas 7 perlakuan, 3 ulangan, dan 10 tanaman/ ulangan. Rimpang jahe ditanam pada media campuran tanah dan pupuk kandang di dalam polibeg. Jahe umur satu bulan disemprot atau disiram dengan ekstrak tanaman obat sebelum dan setelah diinokulasi R. solanacearum. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa ekstrak tanaman obat yang diuji efektif dapat mengurangi kejadian penyakit layu pada tanaman jahe. Efektivitas dari tanaman tersebut bervariasi tergantung dari spesies tanaman dan cara aplikasinya. Diantara kelima tanaman obat yang diuji, akar kucing, sambiloto, dan temulawak paling stabil dan efektif dalam mengurangi terjadinya penyakit layu. Efektivitas dari ketiga tanaman obat tersebut sama dengan senyawa asam salisilat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akar kucing, sambiloto, dan temulawak berpotensi untuk digunakan sebagai sumber senyawa elisitor botanis. Penggunaan ekstrak tanaman obat sebagai sumber elisitor botanis diharapkan dapat meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman dan produksi jahe serta mengurangi penggunaan pestisida sintetik. Kata kunci: Ekstrak tanaman, senyawa elisitor, induksi ketahanan, jahe, penyakit layu.

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Eco-friendly management of major diseases in jute (Corchorus olitorius L.)

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v6i2.496 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 541-544 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. N. Meena ◽

A. Roy ◽

B. S. Gotyal ◽

S. Mitra ◽

S. Satpathy

Keyword(s):

Seed Treatment ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Block Design ◽

Trichoderma Viride ◽

Corchorus Olitorius ◽

Farm Yard Manure ◽

Soil Application ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Fibre Yield ◽

Cent Disease

Field experiment was conducted for disease management with seven eco-friendly treatments in Corchorus olitorius jute during 2012-2013 under randomized block design (RBD) in three replications with variety JRO-524. The ecofriendly treatment 50% N: P: K + seed treatments with Azotobacter and phosphorus solubilizing bacteria (PSB) @ 5g/Kg+ Trichoderma viride (seed treatment @ 5g/Kg of seed and soil application @ 2Kg/ha at 21DAS) + Psuedomonas fluorescens spray @ 0.2% at 45DAS was found superior with minimum per cent disease incidence (3.46 and 1.43%) as compared to control (13.17 and 4.96%). The second best treatment was found with Farm yard manure (FYM) @ 5t/ha + seed treatment with Azotobecter and PSB @ 5g/Kg+ T. viride (seed treatment @ 5g/Kg of seed and soil application @ 2Kg/ha 21DAS)+ P. fluorescencs spray @ 0.2% at 45DAS and showed 3.61 and 2.0% disease incidence. The treatment with N: P: K @ 60:30:30 and seed treatment with carbendazim 50WP @ 2g/Kg at 45DAS showed 4.56 and 2.10 % disease incidence. Dry fibre yield was highest (30.33q/ha) in the plots treated with FYM @ 5t/ha + seed treatment with Azotobacter and PSB @ 5g/Kg+ T. viride (seed treatment @ 5g/Kg of seed and soil application @ 2Kg/ha at 21DAS) + P. fluorescencs spray @ 0.2% at 45DAS) and it was lowest in untreated control (15.69 q/ha).Variation in yield was attributed due to difference in plant height.

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PENGENDALIAN TERPADU PENYAKIT LAYU (RALSTONIA SOLANACEARUM Smith) DAN NEMATODA PURU AKAR (MELOIDOGYNE SPP.) PADA TANAMAN JAHE GAJAH

JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA ◽

10.23960/j.hptt.2597-103 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 97-103

Author(s):

Made Sudana ◽

Made Lotrini

Keyword(s):

Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽

Seed Treatment ◽

Plant Root ◽

Integrated Control ◽

Block Design ◽

Research Result ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Root Knot Nematode ◽

Plant Seed ◽

Meloidogyne Spp

Integrated control of ginger wilt disease (Ralstonia solanacearum Smith) and root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.). The purpose of this research was to obtain reasonable integrated control ginger wilt disease. The research was conducted in endemic area of ginger wilt disease at Biaung village, Penebel Regency during April, 2003 to Januari, 2004. Randomized block design (RAK) with three replication and 11 treatments was used in this experiment. Research result appears that ginger wilt diseases can be controlled by integrated control using seed treatment with soaked method in urea-polymer + Bacillus sp. (2g/l water for two hours and then for planting treatment with vermi-compost (150g/plant) + fire-wood ash (50g/plant) + Mycorrhiza (100 g/plant). Root knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) was effective controlled by dolomit (5g/plant) + seed-treatment with bactericide (Agrimicin 500 ppm) + vermi-compost (150 g/plant).

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Phenotypic Characterization and the Resistance of Local Peanuts from West Nusa Tenggara to Bacterial Wilt Disease [Ralstonia solanacearum]

Buletin Plasma Nutfah ◽

10.21082/blpn.v25n1.2019.p1-12 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Eka Widiastuti ◽

Muji Rahayu ◽

Fitria Zulhaedar

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽

Block Design ◽

Field Research ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Phenotypic Characterization ◽

Medium Size ◽

Control Mechanisms ◽

Local Varieties ◽

Bacterial Wilt Disease

West Nusa Tenggara Barat has local peanuts that can be used as a source of germplasm, i.e. Bima, Pelat, and Lombok Utara. The productivity of peanut is greatly influenced by the attack of pests/diseases, like bacterial wilt disease. Bacterial wilt is one of the major diseases that can reduce peanut production up to 60% and one of the control mechanisms that can be used is local varieties that are resistant to bacterial wilt disease. This research aimed to evaluate the resistance of local peanut from West Nusa Tenggara to bacterial wilt disease (Ralstonia solanacearum) and to characterize the phenotype of the peanuts. The field research was conducted in the Genetic Resources Field Collection located in Narmada Experimental Field, on January until April 2016. The research method used was randomized complete block design (RCBD) single factorial with 9 replications, thus totally 27 plots were used. Three varieties of peanuts were evaluated, i.e two local varieties (Pelat Sumbawa and Lokal KLU) and Kelinci variety as control. The results showed that the pods and seeds were the main traits that distinguish Lokal KLU and Pelat varieties. The Lokal KLU had medium size pods with a weight of 100 seeds of 48.96 g, while Pelat and Kelinci had very large pod sizes with a weight of 100 seeds of 42.45 and 32.92 g, respectively, thus they were a potential high yielding plants. Lokal KLU had resistance to bacterial wilt compared to Kelinci that was medium resistant and Pelat that was susceptible to bacterial wilt disease.

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Selection and Formulation of Endophytic Bacteria as Plant Resistance Elicitor against Wilt Disease of Tomato

Agrotechnology Research Journal ◽

10.20961/agrotechresj.v3i2.33866 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 103

Author(s):

Arika Purnawati ◽

Wiwik Harjani ◽

Herry Nirwanto

Keyword(s):

Plant Resistance ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

Bacterial Isolate ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Seed Coating ◽

In Planta ◽

Bacterial Wilt Disease

Wilt disease of Solanaceae caused by Ralstonia solanacearum reduce the crop quality and negatively affect the crop product. The objective of this research was to discover of endophytic bacteria formulation that effectively decreases bacterial which cause wilt disease on Solanaceae. The research consisted of purification of Ralstonia solanacearum, endophytic bacteria were obtained from the sample and the screening of endophytic bacteria using this following assay: antagonist assay, seedling assay and in planta assay. The results showed that in antagonist assay, the bacterial isolate code PS1, PS2, and PS8 could inhibit growth of R. solanacearum. From the seedling assay, it obtained that all of the isolates increased of percentage of germination, seed coating and powder formulation can decrease disease incidence of bacterial wilt disease.

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Inokulasi Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula (FMA) Indigenus pada Bibit Jahe untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Layu Ralstonia solanacearum ras 4)

Jurnal Natur Indonesia ◽

10.31258/jnat.14.1.61-67 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 61

Author(s):

Netty Suharti ◽

Trimurti Habazar ◽

Nasril Nasir ◽

Dachryanus Dachryanus ◽

Jamsari Jamsari

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Height ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽

Experiment Design ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽

Race 4

Bacterial wilt disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum race 4 is one of factors inhibiting ginger production. The study on ArbuscularMychorrizae Fungus (AMF) in greenhouse was found could reduce of bacteria wilt disease. Experiment design of research was randomizedblock design using 8 isolates. The results showed that inoculation of Arbuscular Mychorrhizae Fungus isolated from healthy gingerrhizosphere as biological diseases control agents could reduces disease severity. Four isolate could reduced disease severity up to 100% andsupport plant growth and production. As the result the seedling formation increased by 50–150%, plant height 36.92–87.56%, the numberof leaf 61.94–162.22% and ginger yield 190.62–400% respectively, compared to the control.

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The Abilities of Endophytic and Biofertilizing Bacteria and Their Combinations to Suppress Bacterial Wilt Disease (Ralstonia solanacearum) of Chili

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v2i6.1052 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 296 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Noor Istifadaha ◽

Dewi Nurma Yanti Ningtyasb ◽

Pujawati Suryatmana ◽

Betty Natalie Fitriatin

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Bacterial Wilt ◽

Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽

Endophytic Bacteria ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Plant Diseases ◽

Disease Suppression ◽

Bacterial Wilt Disease ◽

Environmentally Friendly Method

Bacterial wilt disease (Ralstonia solanacearum) is one of the most important diseases in Solanaceae, including chili. Biological control is one of environmentally-friendly method for controlling plant diseases. Microbes that are potential as biological control agents include bacterial endophytes and bacteria that are usually used as biofertilizer. This paper discusses the result of the study that examined the abilities of endophytic and biofertilizing bacteria solely or in combination to suppress bacterial wilt disease (R. solanacearum). The endophytic bacteria isolates tested were Lysinibacillus sp. and Bacillus subtilis, while biofertilizing bacteria used were N-fixing bacteria (Azotobacter chrococcum) and P-solubilizing bacteria (Pseudomonas cepacea). The results showed that the endophytic bacteria, biofertilizing bacteria and their combination inhibited wilt disease incidence in chili by 46.7-80 %. The highest disease suppression (80 %) showed by the endophytic bacteria, B. subtilis. This endophyte was also able to promote a significant chili growth. Keywords: Ralstonia solanacearum, Endophytic bacteria, Biofertilizer, Biological control, Chili.

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TINGKAT KETERJADIAN PENYAKIT LAYU STEWART PADA BENIH DAN RESPON BEBERAPA VARIETAS JAGUNG TERHADAP INFEKSI Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii

JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA ◽

10.23960/j.hptt.1131-9 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Haliatur Rahma ◽

Meity S Sinaga ◽

Memen Surahman ◽

Giyanto Giyanto

Keyword(s):

Sweet Corn ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Block Design ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Maize Seed ◽

Pantoea Stewartii ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Vigor Index ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Stewart's Wilt

Disease incidence of Stewart’s wilt on the seed and response of several maize varieties to Pantoea stewartii subp. stewartii. Stewart’s wilt disease of maize is caused by Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii. This bacterium is seed-borne pathogens, when attacked maize caused yield lost 40-100%. The objective of this research was to detemine the incidence level of stewart’s wilt disease, growth of some varieties of maize and their response to stewart’s wilt pathogens Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii. The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Bacteriology and Greenhouse Cikabayan IPB from November 2011 to March 2012. In experiment I, nineteen samples of maize were used for symptom test in the maize seedling stage, using Randomized Block Design with three replications. Experiment II used a Randomized Block Design with 2 factors: maize varieties (8 hybrids varieties, 3 open pollinated varieties, and 7 sweet corn varieties) and bacteria isolates (BGR 2, BGR 4, BGR 28, BGR7 and PSM 27), with three replications. The results showed in experiment I, the incidence of stewart’s wilt disease ranged 2.00 – 15.33%, germination and vigor index of maize seed were 68.00 – 95.33% and 55.33 – 90.67% respectively. While in experiment II, hybrid and open pollinated of maize varieties were resistant to moderately susceptible while all sweet corn varieties were susceptible to infection of Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii.

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