Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Oyo State, Nigeria: A Retrospective Study

Resistant Tuberculosis ◽

Catholic Hospital ◽

Ibadan Nigeria

Aim: The focus of this work was to evaluate the prevalence of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis in Oyo State, Nigeria. Study Design: A cross sectional retrospective study Place and Duration of Study: St Mary’s Catholic Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, between October 2016 and March 2018 Methodology: In this study, 1044 patients diagnosed in the GeneXpert laboratory was conducted using the laboratory register. The age, gender, HIV Status, MTB analysis results and resistance to rifampicin were collected and analyzed. Results: Of the 1044 tested, 177 (17%) tested positive for TB while 19 (10.7%) of the 177 were resistant to rifampicin. Fourteen (73.7%) of the 19 were male and 5 (26.3%) were female. Fourteen (73.7%) of the 19 fell between 21 - 40 years of age. Seven (36.8%) of the 19 resistant to rifampicin were HIV positive. Of the total 1044 patients tested, 601 (57.6%) were females and 443 (44.4%) were male. Conclusion: This study showed that rifampicin resistant tuberculosis is high in Nigeria especially among the economically productive age group in the country. More attention should be committed to quick accessibility of diagnosis, treatment and monitoring by the policymakers.

Burden of tuberculosis and TB/HIV co-infection in Dushanbe

Tuberculosis and lung diseases ◽

10.21292/2075-1230-2021-99-2-40-44 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (2) ◽

pp. 40-44

Author(s):

B. P. Pirmakhmadzoda ◽

Z. Kh. Tilloeva ◽

Kh. S. Sharifzoda ◽

O. Ya. Kabirov ◽

K. A. Imomnazarova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Treatment Efficacy ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Multiple Drug ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Hiv Status ◽

Resistant Tuberculosis ◽

Multiple Drug Resistant ◽

Hiv Negative

The objective of the study: to determine the burden of tuberculosis with concurrent HIV infection in Dushanbe and the prevalence of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis, to assess the treatment efficacy of drug susceptible and drug resistant tuberculosis depending on the HIV status of patients.Subjects: A cohort retrospective study was carried out assessing results of examination and treatment of all patients (1,838 people) registered for tuberculosis treatment from 01.06.2016 to 25.12.2019 in Dushanbe.Results. Among new tuberculosis cases, MDR is more often registered in HIV positive patients versus HIV negative patients (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.1-4.9, p = 0.03). The chances of successful treatment of tuberculosis in HIV negative patients were higher versus HIV positive patients as well as in drug susceptible tuberculosis (OR 4.7, 95% CI 3.1-7.4; p < 0.000) versus drug resistant tuberculosis (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.1-75.7; p = 0.03). The chances of tuberculosis cure did not differ statistically significantly among patients with different HIV status for both drug resistant and drug susceptible tuberculosis.

Risk factors for drug-resistant tuberculosis, the association between comorbidity status and drug-resistant patterns: a retrospective study of previously treated pulmonary tuberculosis in Shandong, China, during 2004–2019

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044349 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. e044349

Author(s):

Ning-ning Tao ◽

Yi-fan Li ◽

Wan-mei Song ◽

Jin-yue Liu ◽

Qian-yun Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Drug Resistance ◽

Retrospective Study ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Logistic Models ◽

Smoking History ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

ObjectiveThis study was designed to identify the risk factors for drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) and the association between comorbidity and drug resistance among retreated pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).DesignA retrospective study was conducted among all the 36 monitoring sites in Shandong, China, over a 16-year period. Baseline characteristics were collected from the TB Surveillance System. Categorical variables were compared by Fisher’s exact or Pearson’s χ2 test. The risk factors for drug resistance were identified using univariable analysis and multivariable logistic models. The influence of comorbidity on different types of drug resistance was evaluated by performing multivariable logistic models with the covariates adjusted by age, sex, body mass index, drinking/smoking history and cavity.ResultsA total of 10 975 patients with PTB were recorded during 2004–2019, and of these 1924 retreated PTB were finally included. Among retreated PTB, 26.2% were DR-TB and 12.5% had comorbidity. Smoking (adjusted OR (aOR): 1.69, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.39), cavity (aOR: 1.55, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.97) and comorbidity (aOR: 1.44, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.02) were risk factors for DR-TB. Of 504 DR-TB, 9.5% had diabetes mellitus, followed by hypertension (2.0%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.8%). Patients with retreated PTB with comorbidity were more likely to be older, have more bad habits (smoking, alcohol abuse) and have clinical symptoms (expectoration, haemoptysis, weight loss). Comorbidity was significantly associated with DR-TB (aOR: 1.44, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.02), overall rifampin resistance (aOR: 2.17, 95% CI 1.41 to 3.36), overall streptomycin resistance (aOR: 1.51, 95% CI 1.00 to 2.27) and multidrug resistance (aOR: 1.96, 95% CI 1.17 to 3.27) compared with pan-susceptible patients (p<0.05).ConclusionSmoking, cavity and comorbidity lead to an increased risk of drug resistance among retreated PTB. Strategies to improve the host’s health, including smoking cessation, screening and treatment of comorbidity, might contribute to the control of tuberculosis, especially DR-TB, in China.

High use of private providers for first healthcare seeking by drug-resistant tuberculosis patients: a cross-sectional study in Yangon, Myanmar

BMC Health Services Research ◽

10.1186/s12913-018-3077-y ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sucitro Dwijayana Sidharta ◽

Jason Dean-Chen Yin ◽

Joanne Su-Yin Yoong ◽

Mishal Sameer Khan

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Healthcare Seeking ◽

Private Providers ◽

Cardiovascular risk prevalence in South Africans with drug-resistant tuberculosis: a cross-sectional study

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease ◽

10.5588/ijtld.18.0374 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 587-593

Author(s):

E. R. Whitehouse ◽

N. Perrin ◽

N. Levitt ◽

M. Hill ◽

J. E. Farley

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

South Africans ◽

The pattern of comorbidity and its prevalence among drug-resistant tuberculosis patients at treatment initiation in Lagos, Nigeria

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene ◽

10.1093/trstmh/trz126 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 114 (6) ◽

pp. 415-423

Author(s):

Olusola A Adejumo ◽

Bolanle Olusola-Faleye ◽

Victor A Adepoju ◽

Mustapha Gidado ◽

Moses O Onoh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Treatment Initiation ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Health Concern ◽

Comorbid Condition ◽

Thyroid Function Tests ◽

Drug Resistant ◽

Reproductive Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Abstract Background Multimorbidity is increasingly being recognized as a serious public health concern in the control of both drug-susceptible and drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). This study assessed the pattern of comorbidities and their prevalence in DR-TB patients at treatment initiation in Lagos, Nigeria. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted. The baseline laboratory records (human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] status, fasting blood sugar, audiometry, thyroid function tests, serum electrolyte, haemoglobin level and pregnancy test) of DR-TB patients initiated on treatment in Lagos, Nigeria between 1 August 2014 and 31 March 2017 were reviewed. Results A total of 565 DR-TB patients’ laboratory records were reviewed, of which 397 (70.3%) had comorbidities. The proportion with one, two, three and four comorbidities was 60.2%, 29.7%, 8.1% and 2.0%, respectively. Anaemia was the most common (48.1%) comorbid condition, while anaemia and hypokalaemia (7.3%), anaemia and hypothyroidism (6.5%) and anaemia and HIV (5%) were most common among patients with more than one comorbid condition. DR-TB patients with comorbidity were significantly older (34.8±12.3 y) than those without comorbidity (32.0±12.8 y) (p=0.038). Of the 176 females in the reproductive age group, 8 (4.5%) were pregnant at baseline. Conclusions The prevalence of comorbidity among DR-TB patients was high. There is a need for the national TB program to expand its DR-TB council of experts and also integrate reproductive health services into DR-TB management in Nigeria.