Efficacy of Amendments in TPH Removal during Bioremediation of Agricultural Crude Oil-polluted Soil

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Barisiale Baranu ◽  
Chimezie Ogugbue ◽  
Gideon Okpokwasilli
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Polyaromatic Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Organic Nitrogen

This study identified the efficacy of different amendments as biostimulants in bioremediation. This experiment was carried out for 4 weeks in the laboratory. One kilogram of pristine soil was spiked with one liter of crude oil in earthen pots, to each pot 10 grams of amendments were added and mixed thoroughly. The amendments used were poultry dropping (C-PD), cow dung (D-CD), N.P.K (E), and a control (A and B) setup undergoing natural attenuation. The microcosms’ initial physicochemical characteristics such as total organic nitrogen, pH, temperature, total organic carbon, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), and polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). The microbial enumeration was done for total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) and hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB). The molecular characterization of the pristine soil (A) and contaminated soil (B) was also done using the shotgun analysis. The THB of A and B was 1.3 x 107 and 2.1 x 102 while the HUB was 1.63 x 105 and 1.1 x 101on day 1 respectively. The THB of treatments during bioremediation at week 2 was 1.75 x 108, 1.89 x 108, 1.5 x 108 and 2.2 x 108 while at week 4, the THB was 1.90 x 108, 2.1 x 108, 2.20 x 108 and 2.25 x 108 while the HUB at week 2 was 1.20 x 105, 3.0 x 105, 2.5 x 105 and 1.98 x 105 while at week 4, the HUB was 2.0 x 106, 2.19 x 106, 2.46 x 106 and 2.1 x 106 for B, PD, CD ,and N.P.K respectively. The molecular characterization of A and B showed there was a higher microbial diversity in the contaminated soil than in the pristine soil. This study has shown that cow dung is more effective in the bioremediation of total petroleum hydrocarbon, and polyaromatic hydrocarbon in crude oil-contaminated soil.

scholarly journals Percentage Bioremediation Assessment of Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS) and Mucor racemosus in Hydrocarbon Contaminated Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
D. N. Ogbonna ◽  
S. A. Ngah ◽  
R. N. Okparanma ◽  
O. Ule ◽  
R. R. Nrior
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Spent Mushroom Substrate ◽  
Mucor Racemosus ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria

Aim: The aim of the study was to assess Percentage Bioremediation of Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS) and Mucor racemosus in hydrocarbon contaminated soil Place and Duration of Study: A portion of Rivers State University demonstration farmland in Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, Mile 3 Diobu area of Port Harcourt, Rivers State was used for this study. The piece of land is situated at Longitude 4°48’18.50’’N and Latitude 6o58’39.12’’E measuring 5.4864 m x 5.1816 m with a total area of 28.4283 m2. Bioremediation monitoring lasted for 56 days, analysis carried out weekly (per 7 days’ interval). Methodology: Five (5) experimental plots employing the Randomized Block Design were used each having dimensions of 100 x 50 x 30 cm (Length x Breadth x Height) = 150,000cm3. Baseline study of the uncontaminated and the deliberately contaminated agricultural soil was investigated for its microbiota and physico-chemical properties. Two of these plots were designated as pristine (Unpolluted soil) (CTRL 1) and crude oil contaminated soil without nutrient organics and bioaugmenting microbes (CTRL 2); these two serve as controls. Each of the experimental plots, except the control (CTRL 1), was contaminated with 2500 cm3 (2122.25 g) of crude oil giving initial Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) value of 8729.00 mg/kg. The crude oil polluted soil in Plot 3 was further treated with 750 ml of Mucor racemosus broth (CS+Muc), Plot 4 was treated with 3000 g of Spent Mushroom Substrate (CS+SMS) while plot 5 was treated with the combination of both (CS+Muc+SMS). The plots were left for 7 days to ensure even distribution and soil-oil bonding. Sampling was done at seven-day interval (Day 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56).  Physicochemical parameters monitored were pH, Temperature, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) throughout the experimental period. Microbial parameters monitored were Total Heterotrophic Bacteria (THB), Total Heterotrophic Fungi (THF), Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria (HUB) and Hydrocarbon Utilizing Fungi (HUF). Percentage (%) Bioremediation was estimated from percentage (%) reduction of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) from day 1 to day 56 in relation to control plots.  Net % Bioremediation were also assessed to ascertain the actual potential of treatment agents singly or combined. Results: Total Heterotrophic Bacteria (THB) (CFU/g) recorded on day 7 and day 56 of the bioremediation were; day 7; CTRL 1 – US (1.07 x109), CTRL- CS (5.4 x108), CS+Muc (3.0 x108), CS+SMS (4.6 x108) and CS+Muc+SMS (5.0 x108). On day 56, data obtained were CTRL 1 –US (9.4 x108), CTRL 2 –CS (7.2 x109), CS+Muc (3.7 x108), CS+SMS (8.1x108) and CS+Muc+SMS (6.8 x108). The increase in number in the treated plots is a depiction of an increase in activity of the organism and the stimulating effect of bio-organics SMS while the untreated plot CTRL 1-US showed decrease in population at day 56. Similar trend showed for Total Heterotrophic Fungi. Generally, it was observed that the highest growth/ count was recorded at the 7th and 8th week (day 42 or day 49), at the 9th week there was an observable decrease; probably due to depletion of nutrients and other factors such as rainfall and seepage. The Net Percentage Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria and Fungi (Net %HUB and Net %HUF) were highest in Crude Oil contaminated plot treated with Spent Mushroom Substrate (SMS) singly; that is (CS+SMS) (11.02% and 12.07%) and lowest in the uncontaminated soil – Control (CTRL 1 –US) (5.41% and 9.26%) respectively. The trend in decreasing order of Net % Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria were as follows: CS+SMS (11.02%) > CS+Muc+SMS (10.14%) > CS+Muc (9.43%) > CTRL 2 –CS (8.1%) > CTRL 1 –US (5.41%) while Net % Hydrocarbon Utilizing Fungi followed similar trend and were: CS+SMS (12.07%) > CS+Muc+SMS (11.76%) = CS+Muc (11.76%) > CTRL 2 –CS (11.05%) > CTRL 1 –US (9.26%). Evaluation of Amount of Crude Oil or Hydrocarbon remediated and Net %Bioremediation revealed Crude Oil contaminated plot augmented with Mucor racemosus broth singly (CS+Muc) as having the highest bioremediation potential while the least is the untreated soil. The trend is as follows:  CS+Muc (8599.19 mg/kg; 33.93%) > CS+Muc+SMS (8298.95 mg/kg; 32.74%) > CS+SMS (8197.03 mg/kg; 32.34%) > CTRL 2 –CS (166.54 mg/kg; 0.66%) > CTRL 1 –US (85.48 mg/kg; 0.34%) Conclusion: This shows that a single nutrient substrate or augmenting microorganism applied appropriately may have a more positive result, that is; higher bioremediation potential than combined or multiple mixed treatments. It was further observed that microbial counts decreased with time in treatments with augmenting organisms alone but increased considerably in treatments supplement with organics having its peak on the 49th day.   It is therefore recommended that bioremediation of crude oil-polluted soil using bio-augmenting microorganism should be applied appropriately noting the volume: area ratio and be supplemented with efficient nutrient organics after every 49-day interval.

scholarly journals Bio-stimulation Approach in Bioremediation of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil Using Fish Waste and Goat Manure

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-46
Author(s):  
V. G. Awari ◽  
D. N. Ogbonna ◽  
R. R. Nrior
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fish Waste ◽  
Goat Manure ◽  
Rivers State

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of Fish waste and Goat manure to bio-stimulate the degradation process during bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil. Study Design: Research was designed to evaluate and compare the strength of the organic nutrients (Goat manure and fish waste)   to stimulate the biodegradation of crude oil contaminated soil within 56 days. Place and Duration of Study: Study was carried out in Rivers State University Farm, Rivers state, Nigeria for 56 days from July to September 2018.  Analyses were carried out weekly (per 7 days interval). Methodology:  Eight (8) experimental set-up were employed, each having 5kg farm soil, all were left fallow for 6 days before contamination with crude oil on the 7th day in the respective percentages. Four of the set-ups were contaminated with 5% Crude oil while the other four were contaminated with 10% Crude oil. The contaminated plots were further allowed for 21 days for proper contamination and exposure to natural environmental factors to mimic a crude oil spill site before the application of bio stimulating agents (fish waste and goat manure). The set-ups of 5% Crude Oil Contaminated Soil (5% COCS) and 10% Crude Oil Contaminated Soil (10% COCS) were then stimulated with nutrient organics; Goat Manure (GM) and Fish Waste (FW) except two setups (one 5% COCS and the other 10% COCS) which were used as controls. The treatments (setups) were as follows: 5% COCS    (control 1), 5% COCS + GM, 5% COCS + FW, 5% COCS + GM + FW and 10% COCS (Control 2), 10% COCS +GM, 10% COCS + FW, 10% COCS + GM + FW. Physiochemical and microbiological status of the soil before and after contamination was evaluated while parameters including Nitrate, Sulphate, Phosphate and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH), as well as Microbial analyses, were monitored throughout the experimental period. Bioremediation efficiency was estimated from percentage (%) reduction of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) from day 1 to the residual concentration at day 56 of bio-stimulation setups with the control. The bio-stimulating potentials of goat manure and fish waste were compared using statistical tools. Results: The results revealed decrease in TPH with increasing time. The Amount (mg/kg) and Percentage (%) of Total  Petroleum  Hydrocarbon (TPH) remediated within the period of this study for 5% Crude Oil Contaminated Soil were as follows: 5% COCS-Ctrl 1 (563.52 mg/kg; 8.60%) < 5% COCS + GM (3608.84 mg/kg; 55.11%) < 5% COCS + FW (4156.49 mg/kg; 63.47%)  < 5% COCS + GM + FW (4350.69 mg/kg; 66.44%) while 10% crude oil contaminated soil were: 10% COCS-Ctrl 2 (125.71 mg/kg; 1.21%) < 10% COCS + GM (4422.75 mg/kg; 42.82%) < 10%COCS + FW (5542.16 mg/kg; 53.66%) < 10% COCS + GM + FW (6168.66 mg/kg; 59.72%). This result shows that combination treatment with goat manure and fish wasteis more effective and has more bio-stimulating potentials than the single treatments. With respect to individual bio-stimulating agent, fish waste proves more effective and had a higher bioremediation efficiency than goat manure. The results of colonial counts obtained revealed that the total heterotrophic bacterial and total fungal counts generally increased during the study across the trend. The counts obtained from day 7 to 56 in the respective experimental set ups were as follows: Total Heterotrophic Bacteria  counts increased from 6.32 to 8.20 Log10CFU/g (Control) < 6.32 to 9.05 Log10CFU/g  (COCS+FW) < 6.41 to 9.13 Log10CFU/g (COCS+GM) < 6.32 to 9.58 Log10CFU/g (COCS+FW+GM). Similar progression was observed for total fungi, hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria and hydrocarbon utilizing fungi in all the experimental set ups although irregular differences were observed in the control set ups. Conclusion: The combination of organic nutrient such as goat manure and fish waste as bio-stimulating agents have shown to have higher percentage (%) bioremediation efficiency than when applied singly. It was also observed that the microbial biomass increased with time; moreover the nutrient monitoring analysis revealed a continuous gradual increase of the soil nutrient as bioremediation increases with time. The nutrient inherent in the bio-stimulating agents’ fish waste and goat manure resulted in increased soil nutrient (from day 7 to 56) as bioremediation period increase thereby enhancing soil nutrients at end of experiment. It is therefore recommended that bio-stimulating agents such as fish waste and goat manure should be employed in bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil especially due to its soil nutrient enhancement after bioremediation exercise. It’s a very good nutrient amendment option.

scholarly journals Bioremediation Potential of Native Hydrocarbons Degrading Bacteria in Crude Oil Polluted Soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana MARINESCU ◽  
Anca LACATUSU ◽  
Eugenia GAMENT ◽  
Georgiana PLOPEANU ◽  
Vera CARABULEA
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Inoculum ◽  
Native Crude ◽  
Petroleum Pollutants

Bioremediation of crude oil contaminated soil is an effective process to clean petroleum pollutants from the environment. Crude oil bioremediation of soils is limited by the bacteria activity in degrading the spills hydrocarbons. Native crude oil degrading bacteria were isolated from different crude oil polluted soils. The isolated bacteria belong to the genera Pseudomonas, Mycobacterium, Arthrobacter and Bacillus. A natural biodegradable product and bacterial inoculum were used for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) removal from an artificial polluted soil. For soil polluted with 5% crude oil, the bacterial top, including those placed in the soil by inoculation was 30 days after impact, respectively 7 days after inoculum application, while in soil polluted with 10% crude oil,  multiplication top of bacteria was observed in the determination made at 45 days after impact and 21 days after inoculum application, showing once again how necessary is for microorganisms habituation and adaptation to environment being a function of pollutant concentration. The microorganisms inoculated showed a slight adaptability in soil polluted with 5% crude oil, but complete inhibition in the first 30 days of experiment at 10% crude oil.

scholarly journals Characterization of Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria and Fungi Associated with Crude Oil Contaminated Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-69
Author(s):  
D. N. Ogbonna ◽  
S. I. Douglas ◽  
V. G. Awari
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria

Many substances known to have toxic properties are regularly introduced into the environment through human activity. These substances which include hydrocarbons range in degree of toxicity and danger to human health. Frequent oil spills incidents have become a problem to ecological protection efforts. Conventional methods to remove, reduce or mitigate toxic substances introduced into soil via anthropogenic activities suffer setbacks due to the level of risk involved but bioremediation offers an alternative method to detoxify contaminants especially if the soil conditions are amended with organic nutrients or growth enhancing co-substrates. This study was therefore aimed characterizing hydrocarbon utilizing microorganisms associated with crude oil contaminated soils. Soils were obtained from the Rivers State University Agricultural farm contaminated deliberately with crude oil and allowed for 21 days to mimic the natural polluted soil. Sample collection and analyses were carried out according to standard microbiological procedures while characterization of the isolates was done using genomic studies. The results of microbial counts obtained from the soil samples for total heterotrophic bacteria ranged from 2.10 x108 to 2.58 x108 cfu/g, Total heterotrophic fungi had 1.6 x105 to 2.0 x105 cfu/g while the hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria ranged from 8.0 x103 to 5.0 x104 cfu/g and total hydrocarbon utilizing fungi ranged from 9.0 x103 to 7.0 x104 cfu/g in the contaminated soil. Five hydrocarbon utilizing bacterial species were identified as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Comamonas testosteroni and Chryseobacterium cucumeris while five hydrocarbon utilizing fungal species were identified as Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium brocae, Fusarium solani, Kodamaea ohmeri and Lentinus squarrosulus. Bacillus and Penicillium species were predominantly isolated from the soil. This may be due to the ability of the organisms to produce spores, which may shield them from the toxic effects of the hydrocarbons. Since these organisms are able to utilize crude oil as their sole carbon source. Hence, can be used for bioremediation of crude oil polluted environment.

scholarly journals Biotreatment of Crude Oil Contaminated Soil

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Popoola ◽  
A. A. Olanbiwonninu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
A Value ◽  
Treatment Measures

Biodegradation of hydrocarbons by microorganisms represents one of the primary mechanisms by which petroleum and other hydrogen pollutants are eliminated from the environment. This work was carried out on the effect of microorganisms on the biotreatment of oil in crude oil contaminated soil. Microorganisms were isolated from two experimental soil samples contaminated with Bonny Crude and normal uncontaminated soil as a control over a period of seven months. The microbial as well as the physico-chemical parameters of the soil samples were all analyzed using standard methods. Changes in total petroleum hydrocarbon level were measured appropriately. Treatments used were the microbial isolates. Forty-four microorganisms were isolated from the contaminated soils and identified as species of Pseudomonas (7), Flavobacterium (6), Bacillus (8), Proteus (4), Klebsiella (1), Pencillium (5), Aspergillus (7), Fusarium (3), Trichypton (2) and Neurospora (1). Ten of the forty-four isolates had ability to degrade crude oil in the laboratory. On contamination a value of 1.0X105 cfu/g in microbial counts were obtained followed by a subsequent increase in population levels after a period of 2months with a value of 1.0X106 cfu/g. Oil application to the soil resulted in an increase in total petroleum hydrocarbon from 0.31 ppm to 5.53 ppm; organic matter from 0.41% to 7.34%; available phosphorus from 1.75 ppm to 2.84 ppm. The treatment measures all showed progressive decrease in oil concentration in the soil. Mixture of bacterial and fungal isolates as a treatment measure proved to be more favourable above all others, it brought the concentration from 5.53 ppm to 0.31 ppm after a period of 5 weeks of treatment, which is same value with the normal soil (uncontaminated). Species of Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Flavobacterium, Proteus, Klebsiella, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Trichyphyton and Neurospora had potential for the degradation of bonny crude oil. They could therefore be employed in environmental cleanup of petroleum spill site.

scholarly journals Stimulating the Rate of Phytoremediation of Chromolaena odorata in Crude Oil Contaminated Soil Using Inorganic Urea

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
F. B. G. Tanee ◽  
K. Jude
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Test Plant ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Hydrocarbon Content ◽  
Total Hydrocarbon Content

Investigation on the use of urea in stimulating the phytoremediation of Chromolaena odorata in a crude oil contaminated soil was carried out at a crude oil spilled site at Botem-Tai, Ogoni, Nigeria. Three phytoremediation treatments labeled A – C in addition to the control (D) were used. The treatments were: A (Chromolaena odorata only), B (Chromolaena odorata + 20 g/m2 urea), C (Chromolaena odorata + 40 g/m2 urea), D (polluted soil without phytoremediation) arranged using Latin Square Design (LSD). Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) and Total hydrocarbon content (THC) in soil and plant samples from the different treatment plots in addition to other soil nutrients were analyzed. The percentage reduction in TPH and THC in soil were as follows: Treatment B, {TPH (92.08%) and THC (95.37%)} > treatment A {TPH (88.95%) and THC (93.37%)}> C {TPH (78.78%) and THC (83.29%)} > Control {TPH (14.76%) and THC (32.90%)}. Treatment C had the highest TPH (2.67 mg/kg) and THC (20.57 mg/kg) accumulation in test   plant. Combining stimulant (urea) with phytoremediation also improved soil properties such  as pH, Nitrogen and Potassium. With the highest reduction of TPH and THC in treatment B (phytoremediation with 20 g/m2 urea) than other treatments is an indication that low   concentration of urea has a stimulatory effect on phytoremediation of crude oil by Chromolaena odorata.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Crude oil Degradability Efficiency of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Comamonas testosteroni in Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 11-24
Author(s):  
N. P. Akani ◽  
D. N. Ogbonna ◽  
S. I. Douglas ◽  
V. G. Awari
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽  
Comamonas Testosteroni ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Nutrient Amendment

Comparative evaluation of crude oil degradability efficiency of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Comamonas testosteroni with nutrient amendment were investigated in Crude oil Contaminated Soil. The bacteria species used in this study were isolated from the soil collected from Rivers state university research farm using standard microbiological methods. Evaluation and monitoring of bioremediation were done for a period of 56 days while analyses were carried at a constant interval of seven (7) days. Seven (7) experimental set-ups were employed using black polythene bag, The bags were perforated to enhance aeration,  each containing 5 kg of agricultural soil and left to fallow for 6 days, on the seventh day each of the experimental set-ups (5kg of soil) except the control (CTRL) were contaminated with crude oil (COCS) giving initial Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) value of 10328.03 mg/kg; after which it was allowed for 21 days to ensure even distribution and soil-oil bonding to mimic crude oil spill site before application of augmenting bacteria; Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (BC) and Comamonas testosteroni (CM) and the stimulant; Goat manure (GM). Soil profile before and after contamination were analyzed while parameters like Sulphate, pH, Nitrate and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH), as well as microbial analyses such as Total Heterotrophic Bacteria (THB), Total Heterotrophic Fungi (THF), Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria (HUB) and Hydrocarbon Utilizing Fungi (HUF) were monitored and evaluated throughout the experimental period. Bioremediation efficiency was estimated from percentage (%) reduction of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) from day 1 to the residual hydrocarbon at day 56 of bioaugmented/biostimulation set-ups with the control. The microbiological result of the soil before and after contamination revealed that Bacillus sp had the highest percentage for bacterial isolates while Mucor sp. had the highest percentage for fungal isolates in both uncontaminated and contaminated soil. Colonial count of uncontaminated soil ranged from 5 x104 (HUB) <7 x 104 (HUF) <1.6 x 105 (THF) to 2.58 x 108 (THB) while contaminated soil colonial count ranged from 8 x 104 (HUB) < 9 x 104 (HUF) <2.0 x105 (THF) to 2.10x108 (THB). Microbial evaluation of the bioremediation set-ups showed increased colonial values with increase in time but slightly decreased on the last day. Results of total petroleum hydrocarbon revealed the actual amount of hydrocarbon reduction after the experiment and its percentage hydrocarbon remediated from the initial concentration in the various treatment setups  in the following  decreasing order;(CTRL) 125.71 mg/kg; 1.21% < (COCS + BC) 1855.74 mg/kg; 17.96% < (COCS + CM) 2261.01 mg/kg; 21.89% < (COCS + CM+ BC) 3321.23 mg/kg; 32.15% < (COCS + GM + BC) 4983.81 mg/kg; 48.25 < (COCS + GM + CM) 7313.47 mg/kg; 70.81%. Conclusively, the results obtained indicate that Comamonas testosteroni with nutrient amendment had the more degradability efficiency compared to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. It is therefore recommended that bioremediation crude oil polluted soil using bioaugmentation technique should be amended with organic nutrient to enhance efficiency.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of crude oil degrading bacterial isolates from polluted soils and cow dung

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-541
Author(s):  
Felix Adeleke Ikuesan ◽  
Oluwatoyin Folake Olukunle ◽  
Olufemi O Oyelakin ◽  
Bolatito Esther Boboye
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Polluted Soils
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