scholarly journals Effect of Farmyard Manure Application on Yield and Some Quality Characteristics of Popcorn (Zea mays L. everta Sturt) at the Organic Farming

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Gulgun Oktem ◽  
Abdullah Oktem
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Yield Value ◽  
Set Up

Aims: It was aimed to determine the effect of different levels of farmyard manure on yield and quality attributes of the popcorn (Zea mays L. everta Sturt) grown under second crop conditions. Study Design: The experiment was set up according to randomized complete blocks experimental design with 3 replicates. Place and Duration of Study: Research was conducted in 2018 under Harran Plain conditions as second crop, Sanliurfa, Turkey. Methodology: Antcin hybrid popcorn variety was used as a plant material. Farmyard manure (FYM) applications were 0 (control), 1 tone da-1 FYM, 2 tone da-1 FYM, 3 tone da-1 FYM, 4 tone da-1 FYM, 5 tone da-1 FYM and 6 tone da-1 FYM. In study, plant height, stem diameter, grain yield, 1000 kernel weight, popping volume and protein ratio values were researched. Results: Farmyard manure levels were significant in all tested characteristics. Farmyard manure levels effected positively on plant height (P≤0.05), stem diameter, grain yield, 1000 kernel weight, popping volume and protein ratio (P≤0.01). The highest plant height value was seen 6 tone da-1 application of FYM application whereas the lowest plant height value was found at control parcel. Stem diameter value ranged from 19.33 mm (control) to 23.87 mm (5 tone da-1 FYM). The highest grain yield value obtained from 6 tone da-1 FYM (489.71 kg da-1) while the lowest value was seen at control parcel (219.95 kg da-1). But 4, 5 and 6 tone da-1 FYM applications were found in same statistical groups. 1000 kernel weight values ranged from 159.60 g to 204.67 g. The highest popping volume value was seen 6 tone da-1 FYM treatment. Protein ratio (%) values ranged from % 9.27 to %14.01. The highest protein ratio was obtained from 6 tone da-1 FYM while the lowest protein ratio value was found at control parcel. Conclusion: All farmyard manure levels effected positively on plant height, stem diameter, grain yield, popping volume and protein ratio. The highest grain yield value was seen at 6 tone da-1 FYM. But, 4, 5 and 6 tone da-1 FYM treatments were in the same statistical groups. There was no statistically significant increase in grain yield after 4 tone da-1 farmyard application (478.57 kg da-1). According to research results, considering grain yield, popping volume and protein ratio values, 4 tone da-1 farmyard manure was seen sufficient in organic popcorn cultivation.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Bokashi Ela Sagu Pada Berbagai Tingkat Kematangan Dan Pupuk SP-36 Terhadap Serapan P Dan Pertumbuhan Jagung (Zea mays L.) Pada Tanah Ultisol

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Ch Soplanit ◽  
Ruddi Soplanit
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Maturity Level ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Set Up

Fertilization efficiency which could enhance soil productivity is determined by type, application method and appropriate dose of fertilizers.  A green house experiment to study effect of different maturity level of ela  sago bokashi and some dosage of  SP-36 fertilizer on P-uptake and growth of maize (zea mays l.) on ultisols has been performed. The experiment was set up in three-replicates factorial Randomized Block Design. The treatments were  three maturity level of ela sago bokashi i.e. 2, 3 and 4 weeks; and four dosages of SP-36 fertilizer i.e. 0, 2, 4 and 6 g/10 kg of soil. The results showed that application of bokashi regardless of their maturity at the same time with each  doses of SP-36  increased P uptake, plant height and stem diameter of maize. Giving four-week ela sago bokashi with 6 gr/10 kg of soil of SP-36 was the best treatment to improve P uptake, plant height and stem diameter of corn crop up to  0.15%, 140, 60 cm and 1.64 mm respectively.

scholarly journals Selection of best lines and hybrids on the basis of genetic variability analysis in Maize (Zea mays L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Ankit Kumar ◽  
Amit Tomar
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Variability Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

The results revealed that parents namely, TSK-10, TSK-27, New Blue-II, Kurara and TSK-109 were found highly genetic diverse for days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% silking, days to 755 dry husk. The parents namely, TSK-109, Kurara, New Blue-II and TSK-10 were found highly genetic diverse for plant height (cm), cob height, number of cobs per plant and number of grains per cob. The parents namely, Kurara, TSK-109, TSK-10, New Blue-II and TSK-27 were found highly genetic diverse for shelling percentage, grain yield per plant, grain yield per cob and 100-grain weight.

scholarly journals Fertilización Con Potasio Y Fosfitos, Sobre El Rendimiento De Maíz Duro (Zea Mays) En La Zona Subcentral Litoral

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Álvaro Lamilla Arana ◽  
Eduardo Colina Navarrete ◽  
Carlos Castro Arteaga ◽  
Danilo Santana Aragone ◽  
Guillermo García Vásquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Potassium Sulfate ◽  
Hybrid Corn ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
San Juan County ◽  
Muriate Of Potash

The investigation evaluated the effect of fertilizers potásicos with fosfitos on the yield of grain of hard corn (Zea mays L.), in the Property "Santiago", located in the Km 26 way Babahoyo-San Juan, county of Los Ríos. A rehearsal settled down in the hybrid corn DK-7088, measuring the answer from the corn to the application of fertilizers potasic and fhosphite, to determine the dose with more effect on the production. 19 treatments were proven with Chloride of potassium, Sulfate of potassium and Nitrate of potassium, with fhosphite of Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium, more a witness without applications. The used experimental design was complete Blocks at random in three repetitions, the evaluated variables were subjected to the variancia analysis, and the test was applied from Tukey to 95% of probability. The evaluated parameters were: plant height, days to flowering, longitude and ear diameter and yield for hectare. Found increases in grain yield with three treatments, highlighting the treatment with the application of muriate of potash in conjunction with Calcium phosphide (9451,65 kg ha1 ). The results indicate the possibility of increases of more than 49% in relation to the witness (6339 kg ha1 ) where there was applied the treatments.

EFICIÊNCIA DE BIOESTIMULANTES E FUNGICIDA NOS CARACTERES AGRONÔMICOS E ECONÔMICOS NA CULTURA DO MILHO VERDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
RICARDO FRANCISCHINI ◽  
ALESSANDRO GUERRA DA SILVA ◽  
DAURI JOSÉ TESSMANN
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Presence And Absence

 RESUMO - O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico e econômico na cultura do milho verde submetida ao uso de bioestimulantes na presença e ausência de fungicida. Dessa forma, dois experimentos foram conduzidos em anos distintos, em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com três repetições, em arranjo fatorial 4x2. O primeiro fator correspondeu à combinação de bioestimulantes (Ausência, MC Cream, MC Extra, MC Cream+MC Extra) e o segundo fator à presença e ausência de fungicida (piraclostrobina + epoxiconazole). Foi avaliado o peso de espigas verdes, a altura de plantas, diâmetro de colmo, teor de clorofila e severidade de doenças, além da viabilidade econômica dos tratamentos. Os Bioestimulantes, na ausência de fungicida, foram eficientes para aumentar o peso das espigas verdes, altura de plantas, e o teor de clorofila. Na presença do fungicida os bioestimulantes aumentaram o diâmetro de colmo e reduziram a severidade de doenças. Os investimentos em insumos elevaram os custos de produção, porém a rentabilidade foi compensada pelo aumento da renda bruta. Em situação de baixa disponibilidade hídrica, o bioestimulante MC Extra foi o mais viável economicamente para a cultura do milho verde.Palavras-chave: fitossanidade, produtividade, renda líquida, Zea mays L. EFFICIENCY OF BIOSTIMULANTS AND FUNGICIDE IN THE AGRONOMIC AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERS OF GREEN CORN  ABSTRACT – The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic and economic performance of the green corn crop, subjected to the use of biostimulants in the presence and absence of fungicide. Two experiments were conducted in different years using a randomized block design with three replications, in a 4x2 factorial arrangement. The first factor corresponded to the combination of biostimulants (Absence, MC Cream, MC Extra, MC Cream + MC Extra) and the second factor was the presence and absence of fungicide (pyraclostrobin + epoxiconazole). Green ear weight, plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll content and severity of diseases were evaluated, as well as the economic viability of the treatments.In the absence of fungicide, biostimulants were efficient to increase the green ear weight, plant height, and chlorophyll content. In the presence of the fungicide, biostimulants increased stem diameter and reduced disease severity. Investments in inputs increased production costs, but profitability was offset by the increase in gross income. In a situation of low water availability, the biostimulant MC Extra was the most economically viable for the green maize crop.Keywords: plant health, productivity, net income, Zea mays L.

Identification of QTLs for plant height, ear height and grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.) in response to nitrogen and phosphorus supply

2012 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongguang Cai ◽  
Qun Chu ◽  
Riliang Gu ◽  
Lixing Yuan ◽  
Jianchao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Ear Height

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertilizer rate for improving inbred maize (Zea mays L.) yield on the semi-arid southern coast of Puerto Rico

2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-202
Author(s):  
Johanie Rivera-Zayas ◽  
David Sotomayor-Ramírez ◽  
Ricardo Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Semi Arid

Nitrogen (N) is possibly the most limiting nutrient for crop production on the southern semi-arid coast of Puerto Rico. In efforts to improve inbred maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield, fertilizer N is sometimes aggressively managed. In this paper, we report on the results of a field experiment that evaluated the effect of six rates of fertilizer N (0, 34, 68,102,135 and 203 kg N/ha) and of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata cv. Iron-clay), planted as a cover crop during the offseason, on inbred maize grain yield. The soil was Jacaguas series (Loamy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, isohyperthermic Fluventic Haplustolls) on the Dow Agrosciences experimental farm in Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico. Cowpea was planted on 13 July 2013 and incorporated into the soil on 20 September 2013. An inbred maize line was planted on 19 December 2013 and harvested on 19 March 2014 at a plant density of 51,645 plants per hectare. Irrigation was provided via drip system, and fertilizer N was applied at three different stages during the growing season: at emergence, 21 and 37 days after planting. Measurements of plant height, chlorophyll readings using SPAD-502® and GreenSeeker®, and leaf N concentration were used as indicators of treatment response and N sufficiency. The maximum grain yield of 2,918 kg/ha was attained with the fertilizer N rate of 68 kg N/ha. The cowpea cover crop rotation did not affect grain yield (P>0.05). Plant height, and measurements by SPAD-502® and GreenSeeker® provided adequate indicators of crop N sufficiency during the vegetative stages V6 to V12, with optimum values of 149 cm, 46, and 0.67 NDVI, respectively, 52 days after planting with an application of 68 kg N/ ha. Crop response to fertilizer N occurred at a lower rate than in previous studies and those occurring under conventional commercial conditions. Other factors related to fertilizer N management, such as sources, placement and timing of application might be as important for grain yield improvement of inbred maize.

Weak border effects and great uniformity increase yield of maize (Zea mays) under dense population

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
Guangzhou Liu ◽  
Guoqiang Zhang ◽  
Peng Hou ◽  
Yuee Liu ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Light Transmission ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Border Effect ◽  
Border Effects ◽  
Ear Height

The effects of uniformity in border rows and population structure on the yield of hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) grown at high planting density was studied in field experiments at Qitai Farm (89°34′E, 44°12′N), Xinjiang, China, during 2013 and 2014. The experiments incorporated a planting density of 12.0 plants m–2 and three maize cultivars (M753, LY66, LD565). Border effects and uniformity in the border rows were studied at the silking and maturity stages. Yields of M753, LY66 and LD565 were 16.46, 15.02 and 11.45 Mg ha–1, respectively. Analysis of yield components in border rows indicated that the number of kernels per ear, 1000-kernel weight and yield per plant of M753 stopped decreasing after the second row in the border, whereas those of LY66 and LD565 stopped decreasing after the third row in the border, demonstrating a stronger border effect. The cultivars intercepted >95% of the light, but light transmission was lower for M753 than for LY66 and LD565, which resulted in the highest light interception in the upper canopy layers of M753. Analysis of uniformity in the border rows showed that the uniformity values for plant height, ear height, stem diameter, number of kernels per ear, 1000-kernel weight and yield per plant were higher for M753 than for LY66 and LD565. For the three cultivars, uniformity values could be ranked in the order plant height > ear height > stem diameter. The results suggest that cultivars with weaker border effects and greater uniformity in border rows can produce higher yields when grown at a high planting density.

Biplot analysis for multi-environment trials of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids in Iran

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Safari Dolatabad ◽  
Rajab Choukan ◽  
Eslam Majidi Hervan ◽  
Hamid Dehghani
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Stability ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Biplot Analysis ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Two Sectors

Adapted maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids should be identified and chosen based on multi-environment trials analysing several traits. The objectives of this study were to identify mega-environments and suitable adapted maize hybrids based on both mean grain yield and grain yield stability and were to evaluate the 14 maize hybrids based on several desirable traits. Biplot analysis determined one mega-environment and two sectors that consist of one location in each sector for maize in Iran. The mega-environment included Kerman (KRM), Kermanshah (KSH), Moghan (MGN), Dezfol A (DZF A), Karaj (KRJ), Darab (DRB), Dezfol B (DZF B), Shiraz B (SHZ B), and Esfahan (ESF), where hybrid OSSK 602 was the best performing hybrid. The first sector included Khoramabad (KHM) where BC 678 was the best hybrid, and the second sector included Shiraz A (SHZ A) where ZP 599 was the hybrid with the highest performance. OSSK 602 was the best hybrid among all of the studied hybrids followed by ZP 677 and ZP 684. The genotype × trait biplot indicated that ZP 677 and OSSK 602 had greater thousand-kernel weight and grain number, whereas ZP 684 had longer day to maturity and larger cob diameter. KSC 700, KSC 704, and BC 678 had higher ear height and more days to tasseling than other hybrids. The genotype × trait biplot graphically displayed the interrelationships among traits and it was used in identifying hybrids that are good for some particular traits.

scholarly journals Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fertilization Of Corn (Zea mays L.) Cultivated on Ferrous Soil in Southern Benin

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Mèvognon R. Aguegue ◽  
Pacôme A. Noumavo ◽  
Gustave Dagbenonbakin ◽  
Nadège A. Agbodjato ◽  
Sylvestre Assogba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Southern Benin

Theattainmentofthemillenniumfordevelopmentobjectives require toimprove the productivityofmajorcultures like maize(ZeamaysL.).Thepresentstudy aimedto assess the potentialofGlomuscubens,Rhizophagusintraradicesand Funneliformismosseaeto improvetheproductivityof corn cultivatedon reddish ferrous soilinSouthern Benin.Ablock of nine treatments with four repetition completely randomized was installed¶.Plant height anddiameterandleaf area are growth parameters measured. Grain yield and endomycorrhizal infection were also evaluated.Thebestgrowthsandgrain yield (2.33t/haand2.12t/ha)were obtainedrespectivelywiththe plantstreatedwithR.intraradices+50%ofNPKandG.cubens+50% of NPKcompared tothecontrol plants(1.48t/ha).Moreover,thegreatfrequenciesofmycorhization(44% and32.25% were observedrespectivelyonthe plants treated with G.cubens + 50% of NPKandR.intraradices +50% NPK.Theseresultsshowthatthe respectivecombinationofthesetwoArbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungiwith 50%NPKcanincrease of 50%theseeds yield of corncompared tothe seeds yield obtained with the control plants.In addition,G.Cubens and R.intraradicesare active in the colonization of maize roots.Use ofR.Intraradices orG.cubensincombinationwith 50% ofNPKhelpto increasethe corn productivityand to reduce of half the chemical fertilizer commonly used by corn farmers at Southern Benin.

scholarly journals Fodder and Grain Yield in Native Maize (Zea mays L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Alberto.S Escalante-Estrada ◽  
M.T. Rodríguez-González ◽  
Y. I. Escalante-Estrada
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Maize Genotypes ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To quantify the grain yield, biomass, crop stubble, and leaf:stalk index in seven varieties of maize (Zea mays L.), as well as the relationship between biomass, stubble, and plant height. Design/Methodology/Approach: The process consisted in planting seven genotypes of native maize (Zea mays L.). The experimental design comprised randomized blocks with four repetitions. The plant’s height, total biomass, its accumulation in stalk, leaf, husk, cob, grain, and stubble (biomass of stalk?leaf?husk?cob) were evaluated. A varianceanalysis, the Tukey means comparison test, and a regression analysis were applied. Results: Significant differences were found between the native maize genotypes. Notable cases were the Ixtenco Yellow, followed in terms of biomass and stubble by the Texcoco White-Wide, then the Ixtenco White and Red. The plant height determined biomass in 67% and stubble in 77%. Study Limitations/Implications: The tendencies found could vary depending on the native cultivars studied and their management. Findings/Conclusions: In the study region, there are differences between native maize cultivars for the agronomic characteristics evaluated. With respect to the yield of grain, biomass, and stubble, the Ixtenco Yellow cultivar was outstanding, followed by the Texcoco White-Wide, and Ixtenco White and Red. The plant height determined biomass in 67%, and stubble quantity in 77%.

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