Growth and Yield Potential of Wild Blackberry (Rubus spp.) under Conventional Production Practices in Kenya

The genotypic differences on growth and yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in response to P supply were evaluated in a field experiment under biological N2 fixation. Eight cultivars were grown at two levels of applied P (12 and 50 kg ha-1 of P -- P1 and P2 respectively), in randomized block design in factorial arrangement. Vegetative biomass was sampled at three ontogenetic stages. The effects of genotype and phosphorus were significant for most traits, but not the genotype ´ phosphorus interaction. The cultivars presented different patterns of biomass production and nutrient accumulation, particularly on root system. At P1, P accumulation persisted after the beginning of pod filling, and P translocation from roots to shoots was lower. The nodule senescence observed after flowering might have reduced N2 fixation during pod filling. The responses of vegetative growth to the higher P supply did not reflect with the same magnitude on yield, which increased only 6% at P2; hence the harvest index was lower at P2. The cultivars with highest yields also presented lower grain P concentrations. A sub-optimal supply of N could have limited the expression of the yield potential of cultivars, reducing the genotypic variability of responses to P levels.

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Phenolic bioactive-linked antioxidant and anti-hyperglycemic functionalities of blackberry cultivars grown under organic and conventional production practices

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2021.1329.13 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 99-112

Author(s):

A. Espe ◽

K. Shetty ◽

D. Sarkar ◽

H. Hatterman-Valenti

Keyword(s):

Conventional Production ◽

Production Practices

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Weed control under integrated nutrient management systems in faba bean (Vicia faba) production in Egypt

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582008000300014 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 585-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

I.M. El-Metwally ◽

M.T. Abdelhamid

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Faba Bean ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Nutrient Management ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Nutrient Release ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Net Assimilation

Two field experiments were conducted in two successive seasons, 2005/2006 and 2006/2007, to determine whether management can improve faba bean competitiveness with weeds, thus helping to achieve its yield potential. The experiment included five treatments, composed of organic and mineral fertilizers, alone and mixed at different rates, along with a control and six weed control treatments, including oxadiargyl, prometryn, hand hoeing treatments alone or mixed with the herbicides, and a nonweeded treatment (control).The herbicide treatments were not superior to the two hand-hoeing treatments. Using compost favored growth and yield of faba bean more than of weeds. Adding fertilizer also improved most yield parameters. Application of compost alone or combined with 50 or 100% of the recommended NPK rate improved faba bean growth in terms of net assimilation rate, specific leaf area, and leaf weight ratio as components of relative growth rate. This improvement in growth resulted in increase of seed yield, yield components and protein of faba bean. Faba bean yield performance improved under interactive fertilizer effects and weed control treatments as growth improved, as a result of nutrient release from fertilizers and weed control.

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Foliar enrichment of potassium and boron overcomes salinity barriers to improve growth and yield potential of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Journal of Plant Nutrition ◽

10.1080/01904167.2020.1845365 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 438-454

Author(s):

Muhammad Azeem ◽

Yang Shoujun ◽

Muhammad Qasim ◽

Muhammad Waseem Abbasi ◽

Naeem Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gossypium Hirsutum ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Gossypium Hirsutum L

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Morphological Observation and Correlation of Growth and Yield Characteristics with Grain Quality and Antioxidant Activities in Exotic Rice Varieties of Afghanistan

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture9080167 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 167 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kifayatullah Kakar ◽

Tran Dang Xuan ◽

Saidajan Abdiani ◽

Imran Khan Wafa ◽

Zubair Noori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Morphological Observation ◽

Rice Grain ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Panicle Number

Rice is an important staple food for Afghans. Its production has been increased, and attention is needed to improve grain quality. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the growth, yield, physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, and morphological structures of four exotic rice varieties widely grown in Afghanistan (Attai-1, Jalalabad-14, Shishambagh-14, and Zodrass). Antioxidant activities, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), of rice grain were determined. A scanning electron microscopic observation was conducted on the cross-cut section of dehulled rice grains. The results showed a wide variation among four rice varieties for growth, grain yield, physicochemical properties, antioxidant activities, and morphology. Tiller and panicle number per hill, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, and antioxidant activities were found to be highest in Jalalabad-14. Attai-1 showed lower amylose, protein, and lipid contents with a high number of perfect grains, consequently enhanced taste point (score of quality). Grain yield, protein, and amylose contents showed a negative correlation with antioxidant activities. Accumulated structures in Attai-1, Shishambagh-14, and Zodrass were normal; however, Jalalabad-14 increased protein bodies and its traces in the amyloplasts. Information on yield potential, grain quality, and nutritional value of these exotic rice varieties may useful for sustainable food provision and nutritional improvement of rice in Afghanistan.

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Evaluation of Postemergence Weed Control Strategies in Herbicide-Resistant Isolines of Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-04-253r1.1 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 172-178 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Karen A. Zuver ◽

Mark L. Bernards ◽

James J. Kells ◽

Christy L. Sprague ◽

Case R. Medlin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Corn Hybrids ◽

Herbicide Resistant ◽

Giant Ragweed ◽

Pre Treatment

Herbicide-resistant corn hybrids offer additional options for POST weed control in corn, and growers may benefit from information on the consistency of these weed-control strategies. Studies were conducted in Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Ohio, in 2000 and 2001, to evaluate weed control among herbicide strategies for imidazolinone-resistant, glufosinate-resistant, glyphosate-resistant, and conventional corn. Isogenic hybrids were utilized to minimize variation in growth and yield potential among hybrids. The glyphosate-resistant corn postemergence (glyphosate-POST) treatment provided more consistent control of giant foxtail than the PRE, conventional corn postemergence (conventional-POST), glufosinate-resistant corn postemergence (glufosinate-POST), and imidazolinone-resistant corn postemergence (imi-POST) treatments. All four POST treatments were more consistent and provided greater control than the PRE treatment of the large-seeded broadleaf weeds velvetleaf, giant ragweed, common cocklebur, and morningglory species. Conventional-POST and imi-POST were more consistent than glufosinate-POST and glyphosate-POST treatments in controlling giant ragweed. There were no statistical differences in the variability of PRE or POST treatments for control of common lambsquarters, common ragweed, and redroot pigweed. Corn yield varied among locations and years. The glyphosate-POST treatment did not reduce yield relative to the weed-free treatment, the imi-POST and glufosinate-POST treatments each reduced yield in one of eight locations, and the conventional-POST treatment reduced yield in three of eight locations.

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Root exudation index: screening organic acid exudation and phosphorus acquisition efficiency in soybean genotypes

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp15329 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 67 (10) ◽

pp. 1096 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Vengavasi Krishnapriya ◽

Renu Pandey

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Root Exudation ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Secretory Proteins ◽

P Availability ◽

Screening Process ◽

Soil P ◽

P Acquisition ◽

Soybean Genotypes

High-molecular-weight secretory proteins and low-molecular-weight exudates (carboxylates, phenols, free amino acids and sugars) released from roots of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) differentially influence genotypic phosphorus (P) acquisition efficiency (PAE). We hypothesised that genotypes with higher root exudation potential would exhibit enhanced P acquisition, and screened 116 diverse soybean genotypes by labelling shoots with 14CO2. A root exudation index (REI) derived from total 14C in the root exudate at sufficient (250 μm) and low (4 μm) P levels was used to classify genotypes for PAE. Genotypes with REI >2.25 exhibited significantly higher exudation at low than at sufficient P, which in turn increased PAE. Under low P availability, efficient genotypes exude a greater quantity of organic compounds into the rhizosphere. This increases P availability to meet the crop requirement, enabling the crop to produce consistent biomass and seed yield with reduced fertiliser addition. Such maintenance of growth and yield potential by mining the inherent soil P is a favourable trait in genotypes, reducing dependence on P fertilisers. Measuring REI at seedling stage to select P-efficient plants accelerates the screening process by accommodating large numbers of genotypes.

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High ear number is key to achieving high wheat yields in the high-rainfall zone of south-western Australia

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar05170 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 58 (1) ◽

pp. 21 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Heping Zhang ◽

Neil C. Turner ◽

Michael L. Poole ◽

Senthold Asseng

Keyword(s):

Western Australia ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Growing Season ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

High Rainfall ◽

Sink Capacity

The growth and yield of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were examined to determine the actual and potential yields of wheat at a site in the high rainfall zone (HRZ) of south-western Australia. Spring wheat achieved yields of 5.5−5.9 t/ha in 2001 and 2003 when subsurface waterlogging was absent or minimal. These yields were close to the estimated potential, indicating that a high yield potential is achievable. In 2002 when subsurface waterlogging occurred early in the growing season, the yield of spring wheat was 40% lower than the estimated potential. The yield of wheat was significantly correlated with the number of ears per m2 (r2 = 0.81) and dry matter at anthesis (r2 = 0.73). To achieve 5–6 t/ha of yield of wheat in the HRZ, 450–550 ears per m2 and 10–11 t/ha dry matter at anthesis should be targetted. Attaining such a level of dry matter at anthesis did not have a negative effect on dry-matter accumulation during the post-anthesis period. The harvest index (0.36−0.38) of spring wheat was comparable with that in drier parts of south-western Australia, but relatively low given the high rainfall and the long growing season. This relatively low harvest index indicates that the selected cultivar bred for the low- and medium-rainfall zone in this study, when grown in the HRZ, may have genetic limitations in sink capacity arising from the low grain number per ear. We suggest that the yield of wheat in the HRZ may be increased further by increasing the sink capacity by increasing the number of grains per ear.

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Growth and Yield of Different Varieties of True Shallot Seed on Highland in West Sumatra, Indonesia

International Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.1155/2021/5563128 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Atman ◽

Irfan Suliansyah ◽

Aswaldi Anwar ◽

Syafrimen Yasin

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Yield Component ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Potential ◽

High Yield ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

West Sumatra ◽

The Cost ◽

High Yield Potential

Cultivation of true shallot seeds has the potential to be developed in Indonesia because apart from being able to reduce the cost of providing seeds, it also has higher productivity than shallot from tubers. This study aims to determine the appearance of true shallot seed varieties that have high yield potential in the highlands of West Sumatra. The study used a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 4 treatments of true shallot seed varieties, namely, Trisula, Bima, Lokananta, and Sanren, with 6 replications. The results showed that except for the age of harvest and the number of tubers per hill, the treatment of various varieties of true shallot seeds showed a significant effect on all observed variables. Lokananta variety has better growth component, yield component, and yields compared to other varieties (Trisula, Bima, and Sanren). Cultivation of true shallot seeds in the highlands gives lower yields than in the adapted area (lowland), except for the Trisula variety. Lokananta variety is recommended for use in the highlands of West Sumatra.

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