Dynamics of Natural Regeneration in a Fragment of Dense Ombrophilous Forest in Urban Area

R E S U M OO objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a influência da precipitação interna sobre a composição e estrutura da regeneração natural em um trecho de floresta ombrófila densa aluvial no estuário amazônico. Os dados foram coletados de fevereiro a julho de 2016, em quatro parcelas de 20 x 20m, subdivididas em subparcelas de 1 x 1m para análise da composição florística e estrutural da regeneração e instalados 11 pluviômetros para amostragem da precipitação. Houve pouca variação na quantidade de indivíduos, famílias, gêneros e espécies entre o período chuvoso e o menos chuvoso. Pariana campestris Aubl., Anthurium sinuatum Benth. ex, Schott, Costus arabicus L. e Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw. foram mais representativas devido aos impactos antrópicos na área. Conclui-se que não houve influência da precipitação interna na abundância e na riqueza de espécies da regeneração natural.Palavras-chave: Floresta de várzea; florística; estrutura. A B S T R A C T The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of internal precipitation on the composition and structure of natural regeneration in an alluvial dense ombrophilous forest in the Amazonian estuary. The data were collected from february to july 2016, in four 20 x 20m plots, subdivided into 1x1m subplots to analyze the floristic and structural composition of the regeneration and using 11 pluviometers to sample the precipitation. There was little variation in the number of individuals, families, genera and species between the rainy season and the less rainy season. Pariana campestris Aubl., Anthurium sinuatum Benth. Schott, Costus arabicus L. and Costus spicatus (Jacq.) Sw. were more representative due to anthropic impacts on the area. It was concluded that there was no influence of internal precipitation on the abundance and richness of natural regeneration species.Keywords: Floodplain forest, Floristic, Structure.

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Nutritional Contribution of Litter in Rainforest of Brazil

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v11n3p254 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 254

Author(s):

Rosival B. A. Lima ◽

Luiz C. Marangon ◽

Fernando J. Freire ◽

Ana L. P. Feliciano ◽

Maria B. G. S. Freire ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutrient Cycling ◽

Vegetative Growth ◽

Natural Regeneration ◽

Climatic Changes ◽

Forest Fragment ◽

Climatic Variations ◽

Litter Deposition ◽

Ombrophilous Forest ◽

Level Of Importance ◽

Dense Ombrophilous Forest

Lowlands Dense Ombrophilous Forest is one phytophysiognomies of Atlantic Forest in Brazil. The main ecological characteristic of this forest is the Ombrophilous environment, related to high rainfall and temperature indexes. Nutrient cycling is well balanced in the periods of good thermo-pluviometric distribution. Global climatic changes have been intensifying in recent years making rainfall irregular, changing its distribution and intensity throughout the year. This can affect the natural regeneration and vegetative growth of the species. This study aimed to correlate litterfall and nutrient contribution with climatic variations, identifying the level of importance of this correlation and which nutrients may have their compromised cycling. Literfall was collected monthly in 40 collectors. N, P, K, Ca and Mg contents were determined and their stocks were calculated. The litter deposition was 8,261.15 kg ha-1 year-1 and was not influenced by rainfall and temperature. The N, P, K, Ca and Mg stock in this litter was 244.93 kg ha-1 year-1, being stored just of N 113.75 kg ha-1 year-1. P and K stocks varied with rainfall and temperature, suggesting that variations in these climatic variables may interfere in the cycling of these nutrients in this forest fragment.

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Forest restoration by different nucleation techniques in Urochloa grassland

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2021.v56.02119 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

Author(s):

Rosimeri de Oliveira Fragoso ◽

Antonio Aparecido Carpanezzi ◽

Katia Christina Zuffellato-Ribas ◽

Henrique Soares Koehler

Keyword(s):

Natural Regeneration ◽

Native Species ◽

Forest Restoration ◽

Woody Species ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Plastic Mulch ◽

Black Plastic ◽

Ombrophilous Forest ◽

Dense Ombrophilous Forest ◽

Over Time

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of brushwood, black plastic mulch, herbicide, and artificial perch on the natural regeneration of native species in Urochloa grassland. The experiment was conducted between February 2014 and February 2016 in the Dense Ombrophilous Forest, in the municipality of Morretes, in the state of Paraná, Brazil. The treatments were: herbicide, herbicide + perch, black plastic mulch, black plastic mulch + perch, brushwood + herbicide, brushwood + herbicide + perch, and a control treatment. The evaluations were carried out at 4, 8, 12, 18, and 24 months after the installation of the experiment, by counting and identifying regenerating woody species and estimating visually the percentage of herbaceous coverage. Initially, brushwood and black plastic mulch reduced the Urochloa grasses; however, this effect was lost over time due to the rapid growth of the grasses from the edges to the center of the plots. The use of perches in the treatments does not allow a significant increase of other species because of the continued inhibiting conditions for the establishment of seedlings. The herbicide is effective in removing the grasses; however, the recruitment of woody species is only satisfactory when perches are used to attract the dispersing fauna. For a successful ecological restoration of pastures, there is a need for the local elimination of Urochloa grasses.

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Genera of Belytinae (Hymenoptera: Diapriidae) recorded in the Atlantic Dense Ombrophilous Forest from Paraíba to Santa Catarina, Brazil

Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia ◽

10.11606/0031-1049.2017.57.06 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 57 (6) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Alex Leite Quadros ◽

Carlos Roberto F. Brandão

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Rain Forest ◽

Latitudinal Gradient ◽

Parasitoid Wasps ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Specific Level ◽

Natural Regulation ◽

Ombrophilous Forest ◽

Dense Ombrophilous Forest ◽

Malaise Traps

The parasitoid wasps Belytinae (Hymenoptera: Diaprioidea: Diapriidae) recorded thus far in the Atlantic Dense Ombrophilous Forest are reviewed at the supra specific level. The knowledge about the diversity of Belytinae in the Atlantic Forest is relatively poor, although these parasitoids may play a key role in the natural regulation of populations of the Mycetophilidae and Sciaridae (Diptera). The material used in this study comes mostly from standardized collections in 18 regularly spaced sites, from Paraíba to Santa Catarina Brazilian states, between 2000 and 2002, by the project “Richness and diversity of Hymenoptera and Isoptera along a latitudinal gradient in the Atlantic Forest – the eastern Brazilian rain forest” (Biota/SP – FAPESP). At each location ten Malaise traps and a hundred Moericke traps were installed, both along two parallel transects spaced 100 m from each other. Further, a similar effort for the sweeping of vegetation was applied at each locality, being each sweeping sample the result of 5 minutes of sweeping. Traps, and sweeping of vegetation in the summed localities yielded a total of 1,241 Belytinae specimens, of which we recognize 115 morphospecies in eight genera (Aclista, Belyta, Cinetus, Odontopsilus, Scorpioteleia, Lyteba, Tropidopsilus and Camptopsilus). A further belytine genus (Miota), recorded in similar environment, was found at the collection of the Federal University of Espírito Santo and added to the list, totalling nine here keyed genera; for each genus we include a diagnosis, comments and a discussion on its records, distribution and biology; we also provide twenty-two plates with 102 figures (93 photographs and 9 maps).

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ESTRUTURA HORIZONTAL DE UM TRECHO DE FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA DENSA DAS TERRAS BAIXAS NA RESERVA BIOLÓGICA DE SOORETAMA, LINHARES, ES

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v41i2.21880 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alessandro de Paula ◽

João Juares Soares

Keyword(s):

Spatial Distribution ◽

Distribution Pattern ◽

Species Distribution ◽

Ecological Groups ◽

Horizontal Structure ◽

Shannon’S Index ◽

Dense Forest ◽

Ombrophilous Forest ◽

Dense Ombrophilous Forest ◽

Biological Reserve

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a estrutura fitossociológica horizontal de um trecho da vegetação arbórea de uma floresta de tabuleiro. Foi realizada uma amostragem fitossociológica em 100 parcelas contíguas de 10 x 10 m, sendo amostrados os indivíduos com PAP ≥ 15 cm. Construiu-se a distribuição diamétrica e estimou-se o padrão de distribuição espacial das espécies. Foram amostrados 1519 indivíduos, distribuídos entre 265 espécies, 138 gêneros e 44 famílias. O índice de Shannon (H’) estimado foi de 4,87 nats/ind. As espécies com os maiores VI foram Rinorea bahiensis (Moric.) Kuntze, Eriotheca macrophylla (K. Schum.) A. Robyns e Sterculia speciosa K. Schum. Em relação aos grupos ecológicos, as secundárias tardias obtiveram mais que o dobro do VC e VI das secundárias iniciais. A distribuição diamétrica apresentada pelas pioneiras foi truncada, sendo que a das secundárias iniciais foi ampla. A predominância de espécies tolerantes ao sombreamento nos estágios iniciais de crescimento reforça a ideia de que o estádio sucessional encontra-se avançado. Foram encontradas 10 espécies com padrão de distribuição espacial agregado e 29 aleatório.Palavras-chave:Fitossociologia; estrutura horizontal; Floresta Ombrófila Densa; floresta de tabuleiro; floresta atlântica. AbstractHorizontal structure of Ombrophilous dense forest of lowlands in Sooretama Biological Reserve, Linhares. This work aimed to analyze horizontal structure of arboreal vegetation from a “tableland” forest. A phytosociological sample was carried out on 100 contiguous plots of 10 X 10 meters. We sampled the individuals with PBH ≥ 15 cm, built up the diametric distribution and estimated spatial species distribution pattern. We sampled 1519 individuals, which were distributed into 265 species, 138 genera and 44 families. Shannon’s Index (H’) was estimated at 4.87 nats/ind. Species with the highest IV were Rinorea bahiensis (Moric.) Kuntze, Eriotheca macrophylla (K. Schum.) A. Robyns and Sterculia speciosa K. Schum. In relation to ecological groups, the late secondary species obtained CV and IV, twice as much as the early secondary ones. Pioneers presented truncated diametric distribution, as long as the early secondary had a broader one. Shadow tolerant species predominance reinforces that successional stadium is advanced. It had been found 10 species with aggregated spatial distribution and 29 random ones.Keywords: Phytosociology; horizontal structure; Dense Ombrophilous Forest; tabuleiro forest; atlantic forest.

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Bryophytes diversity in Brazil

Rodriguésia ◽

10.1590/2175-7860201566409 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 1063-1071 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Denise P. Costa ◽

Denilson F. Peralta

Keyword(s):

Endangered Species ◽

Endemic Species ◽

Amazon Rainforest ◽

Atlantic Rainforest ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Number Of Species ◽

Ombrophilous Forest ◽

Large Groups ◽

Dense Ombrophilous Forest ◽

Southeastern Region

Abstract The bryoflora of Brazil comprises 1,524 species, 117 families, and 413 genera (11 hornworts, 633 liverworts, and 880 mosses). The most diverse families of liverworts are: Lejeuneaceae (285 species), Lepidoziaceae (48), Frullaniaceae (37), Ricciaceae (36), Plagiochilaceae (27), Radulaceae and Metzgeriaceae (26 each), Lophocoleaceae (18), Aneuraceae (15), and Calypogeiaceae (13); while, for the mosses, we have: Sphagnaceae (83 species), Fissidentaceae (65) Pottiaceae (63), Dicranaceae (54), Bryaceae and Sematophyllaceae (53 each), Orthotrichaceae and Pilotrichaceae (51 each), Calymperaceae (48), and Hypnaceae (28). These large groups account for 71% of the Brazilian bryophyte species. Lejeuneaceae and Sphagnaceae are the families with highest number of endemic taxa (54 and 60 species). The Atlantic Rainforest presents the greatest number of species (1,337), followed by the Amazon Rainforest (570) and Cerrado (478). The highest number of endemic species (242) is associated with the Atlantic Rainforest, where the Dense Ombrophilous Forest concentrates 73% of the species with 62% endemism. The Southeastern region is the most diverse in number of species (1,228) and with more endemism (219). Most endangered species are restricted to the Atlantic Rainforest of southeastern Brazil, which is the diversity and endemism centre for mosses and liverworts. The information currently presented by the Brazilian List is close to the real bryophyte diversity found in the country.

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Eremocaulon triramis (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Bambuseae: Guaduinae): a new species from the Atlantic rainforest of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.375.1.7 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 375 (1) ◽

pp. 104 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

CRISTIELLE DE JESUS-COSTA ◽

LYNN G. CLARK ◽

ANA PAULA SANTOS-GONÇALVES ◽

XIMENA LONDOÑO

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Conservation Status ◽

The State ◽

Habitat Distribution ◽

Espírito Santo ◽

Ombrophilous Forest ◽

Espirito Santo ◽

Dense Ombrophilous Forest ◽

A New Species ◽

Number Of Branches

An unusual new species of Eremocaulon, a Neotropical woody bamboo genus, is here described and illustrated. Eremocaulon triramis occurs in dense ombrophilous forest and is apparently endemic to Espírito Santo state, Brazil. The diameter and indument of the culms, number of branches in the branch complement, and occurrence of two different forms of fimbriae on the foliage leaves allow this taxon to be recognized as distinct from its congeners, even in the vegetative condition. Reproductively, E. triramis differs from its congeners in having laminiferous subtending bracts in the pseudospikelets and four stamens. Illustrations, photos, a detailed description, comments on morphology, habitat, distribution, and conservation status are provided, as well as a key to all species of Eremocaulon.

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Landscape structure in the northern coast of Paraná state, a hotspot for the brazilian Atlantic Forest conservation

Revista Árvore ◽

10.1590/s0100-67622012000500018 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 961-970 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Érico Emed Kauano ◽

José Marcelo Domingues Torezan ◽

Fernanda Cristina Gil Cardoso ◽

Márcia Cristina Mendes Marques

Keyword(s):

Atlantic Forest ◽

Landscape Structure ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Secondary Forests ◽

Northern Coast ◽

Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽

Landscape Matrix ◽

Serra Do Mar ◽

Ombrophilous Forest ◽

Dense Ombrophilous Forest

The "Serra do Mar" region comprises the largest remnant of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The coast of the Paraná State is part of the core area of the "Serra do Mar" corridor and where actions for biodiversity conservation must be planned. In this study we aimed at characterizing the landscape structure in the APA-Guaraqueçaba, the largest protected area in this region, in order to assist environmental policies of this region. Based on a supervised classification of a mosaic of LANDSAT-5-TM satellite images (from March 2009), we developed a map (1:75,000 scale) with seven classes of land use and land cover and analyzed the relative quantities of forests and modified areas in slopes and lowlands. The APA-Guaraqueçaba is comprised mainly by the Dense Ombrophilous Forest (68.6% of total area) and secondary forests (9.1%), indicating a forested landscape matrix; anthropogenic and bare soil areas (0.8%) and the Pasture/Grasslands class (4.2%) were less representative. Slopes were less fragmented and more preserved (96.3% of Dense Ombrophilous Forest and secondary forest) than lowlands (71.3%), suggesting that restoration initiatives in the lowlands must be stimulated in this region. We concluded that most of the region sustains well-conserved ecosystems, highlighting the importance of Paraná northern coast for the biodiversity maintenance of the Atlantic Forest.

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Flora of Ceará, Brazil:Ditassa (Asclepiadoideae/Apocynaceae)

Rodriguésia ◽

10.1590/2175-7860202172070 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 72 ◽

Author(s):

Diego Costa Farias ◽

Natanael Costa Rebouças ◽

Thales Silva Coutinho ◽

Rayane de Tasso Moreira Ribeiro ◽

Maria Iracema Bezerra Loiola

Keyword(s):

Morphological Characters ◽

Conservation Units ◽

Floristic Survey ◽

Semideciduous Seasonal Forest ◽

Ombrophilous Forest ◽

Dense Ombrophilous Forest

Abstract This study aimed to carry out a taxonomic floristic survey of species in the genus Ditassa (Asclepiadoideae/Apocynaceae), as part of the “Flora do Ceará: knowing to conserve” project. The study was based on the analysis of morphological characters of specimens from representative herbaria for the genus. The identifications were performed using specialized bibliography and confirmed by analyzing type collections. For Ceará state, six species of Ditassa were registered: D. blanchetii, D. capillaris, D. dardanoi, D. glaziovii, D. hastata and D. hispida. The species occur in Savana (Cerrado), Stepic Savanna (Caatinga/Carrasco), Dense Ombrophilous Forest (Wet forest) and Lowland Semideciduous Seasonal Forest (Tableland forest). Only D. capillaris and D. hastata were recorded in Conservation Units.

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A new species of Tanycarpa Förster (1862) (Hymenoptera, Braconidae: Alysiinae) from Itatiaia National Park, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/1519-6984.03715 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 750-756

Author(s):

P. C. M. Cerântola ◽

C. S. Souza-Gessner ◽

A. M. Penteado-Dias

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

National Park ◽

Forest Area ◽

Ombrophilous Forest ◽

Dense Ombrophilous Forest ◽

A New Species ◽

Malaise Traps ◽

Different Altitudes

Abstract This is the first description of a species of the genus Tanycarpa Förster (1862) for Brazil. Forty-eight specimens were collected in High Montane Dense Ombrophilous Forest area at National Park of Itatiaia, RJ, using four Malaise traps installed, respectively, at four different altitudes. This study is based on a description of two species of Tanycarpa from Colombia, Tanycarpa edithae and Tanycarpa sarmientoi, which are the only species of this genus recognized for the neotropics.

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