Assessment of Wood Ash Application on Yield Advantage Indices of Maize and Lima Beans in an Intercrop

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. O. Ajala ◽  
M. A. Awodun ◽  
A. J. Adeyemo ◽  
B. F. Dada
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Lima Beans ◽  
Competition Indices

Alternate planting combinations of maize (Zea mays L.) with lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus L.) using wood ash as soil amendments were compared with the sole planting of each crop during the late 2014  and early 2015 planting seasons at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Technology, Akure. The experiment in each season adopted three patterns of intercropping using ash as a soil amendment and laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The experiment comprised 10 treatments: Sole planting of maize amended, sole planting of maize unamended, sole planting of lima beans amended and sole planting of lima beans unamended. Others were; 75:25 maize-lima beans amended, 75:25 maize-lima beans unamended, 50:50 maize-lima beans amended, 50:50 maize-lima beans unamended, 25:75 maize-lima beans amended and 25:75 maize-lima beans unamended. Wood ash was applied two weeks after planting at the rate of 2.4 kg (4 tons per hectare) to each plot. The combined yield advantage in terms of land equivalent ratio (LER) indices was greatest (1.95) in the case of 3 rows of maize and 1row of lima beans intercropping arrangements. Competition indices (CR) for all crops in all intercropping arrangements were more than 0.1 indicating that both crops were equally competitive.  However, crop aggressivity (A) showed that maize was more dominant than lima beans due to plant population. Costs and returns analysis revealed that maize and lima beans intercropping at all proportions were more profitable than their corresponding monocrops.

scholarly journals Competative Behaviour of Groundnut in Sesame-Groundnut Intercropping System under Varying Poultry Manure Rates and Planting Arrangement

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Haruna I. M. ◽  
Aliyu L. ◽  
Maunde S. M.
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Competitive Ratio ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
State University ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Competitive Behaviour ◽  
Competition Indices

<p>Field experiment was conducted during the rainy seasons of 2011 and 2012 at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Nasarawa State University, Keffi-Lafia Campus to study the competitive behaviour of groundnut in Sesame-groundnut intercropping system. The experiment consisted of four rates of poultry manure (0, 3.0, 6.0 and 9 t ha<sup>-1</sup>) and two planting arrangement (single alternate row and double alternate row planting arrangement). The eight treatment combinations were laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The results obtained in both the years showed that sesame when grown with groundnut under different rates of poultry manure and planting arrangement appeared to be a dominant crop as indicated by its higher values of Land equivalent ratio, competitive ratio, higher and positive values for aggressivity and area time equivalent ratio. Application of 6 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of poultry manure and double alternate row planting arrangement produced the highest values for all the competition indices measured respectively.</p>

scholarly journals Yield Performance of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) and Maize (Zea mays L.) as Affected by Time of Planting Maize in Makurdi, Nigeria

ISRN Agronomy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. Ijoyah ◽  
D. M. Dzer
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Competitive Pressure ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Cropping Seasons

Field experiments were conducted from June to October during 2010 and 2011 cropping seasons at the Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria, to evaluate the yield performance of okra-maize mixture as affected by time of planting maize. The experiment consisted of three maize planting dates (maize planted at the same time as okra in mid-June, maize planted 2 and 4 weeks later, respectively, in late June and early July) to okra plots. Monocropped okra and maize constituted the control plots. The five treatments were replicated four times in a randomized complete block design. The results obtained showed that the greatest intercrop yield of okra was obtained when maize was planted 4 weeks later (in early July), while the greatest intercrop yield of maize was produced when planted at the same time as okra in mid-June. Planting okra and maize at the same time in mid-June not only recorded the lowest competitive pressure, but also gave the highest land equivalent ratio (LER) values of 1.78 and 1.75, respectively, in years 2010 and 2011, indicating that greater productivity per unit area was achieved by growing the two crops together than by growing them separately. With these LER values, 43.8% and 42.9% of land were saved, respectively, in 2010 and 2011. Both crops were found most suitable in mixture when planting was done at the same time in mid-June. This should be recommended for Makurdi location, Nigeria.

scholarly journals Organic fertilization to increase the productivity of the lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus L.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 44666-44672
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Dairy Waste ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Lima Beans ◽  
Dunnett's Test ◽  
Organic Compost

The present work had as objective to evaluate the yield of two varieties of fava in function of application of organic compost and dairy waste. The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm belonging to the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design in a factorial scheme [(2x3) + 4], with two varieties of Lima bean, three forms of organic fertilization plus four additional controls, in three repetitions. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and treatment means, compared by the Tukey test (P <0.05). Dunnett's test was also used for comparisons involving additional witnesses and other treatments. The software used for statistical analysis was SAEG 9.1 and SAS 9.0. Dairy waste was the fertilizer that most contributed to the increase in productivity, making it suitable for use as fertilizer. The Branquinha variety is indicated for production, because it responded better to the types of fertilizers used.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Fruit Positions on Fruit and Seed Yields of Okro (Abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moench)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Y. Zubairu ◽  
J. A. Oladiran ◽  
O. A. Osunde ◽  
U. Ismaila
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
N Level ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Seed Yields

Study was conducted in 2006 and 2007 cropping seasons at the experimental field of Federal University of Technology, Minna (9o 401N and 6o 301E), in the Southern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria to determine the effects of N fertilizer and the fruit positions on fruit and seed yield of okro. The treatment comprised factorial combination of five nitrogen levels (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg/ha) and five fruit positions on a mother-plant (3, 5, 7, 9 and 10) which were replicated three times and laid in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The results indicated that significant taller plants were recorded in the plots that received 120 kg N/ha while shorter plants were recorded in plots that received 0 N/ha in both years of the study. The higher N level of 120 kg/ha and lower fruit position of 3 significantly gave higher number of fruit yield while the yield decreased with decrease in N level and increase in fruit position on the mother-plant. Similarly, heavier fruits were recorded in lower fruit positions and higher N levels. The fruits formed at the lower position 3 and 5 produced more seeds with higher seed weight than those formed at the higher positions. The results also showed that significantly higher seed yield was recorded at N level of 120 kg/ha ?.

scholarly journals Evaluation of intercropping systems in spring maize with sunflower and urdbean in North Western plain of India

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bhatnagar ◽  
MS Pal
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Land Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Spring Maize ◽  
Sole Cropping ◽  
North Western ◽  
Equivalent Yield

A field experiment was conducted for two years (2007 and 2008) at the G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, to study the productivity, biological efficiency and economics of intercropping in spring maize (Zea mays L.) with sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and urdbean (Vigna mungo L.) under different spatial arrangements. The experiment consisting of ten treatments i.e. three sole crops (maize, sunflower and urdbean), six replacement intercropping system of maize with each sunflower and urdbean in row ratios of 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 and one additive intercropping system of maize with urdbean in row ratios of 1+1 was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The intercropping system of maize with urdbean in row ratio (1+1) was found beneficial over sole cropping of maize and gave the maximum maize-equivalent yield (5847 kg ha-1), land-equivalent ratio (1.36) and net return (Rs.13420 ha-1). Intercropping of maize in replacement arrangement was not productive and advantageous than respective sole crops. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i1.21110 SAARC J. Agri., 12(1): 26-32 (2014)

scholarly journals Short communication: Heterosis and combining ability of Nepalese yellow maize (Zea mays L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
SR Gautam ◽  
BR Ojha ◽  
SK Ghimire ◽  
DB Gurung
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
High Magnitude ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Nepalese yellow maize inbred lines were characterized for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) of their crosses and parents were identified having high combining ability for determining the heterotic effects on yield and other quantitative traits of hybrids. A line x tester mating design was used for making the crosses in the winter season of 2008 and the hybrids along with their parents and four checks were evaluated in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications in the spring season of 2009 at the experimental farm of the National Maize Research Program, Chitwan. Significant variations were found among the treatments for grain yield and other traits which indicated presence of high magnitude of genetic variations among tested inbred lines. The cross between RML-32 and RML-17 produced the highest grain yield (15870 kg/ha) among the crosses. Hybrids such as RL-194 x RL-84 (10770 kg/ha), RML-21 x RML-17 (9270 kg/ha), RL-180 x RML-17 (9270 kg/ha) and L-1 x RL-84 (8785 kg/ha) were found superior grain yielder. Thirty-nine hybrids showed positive mid-parent heterosis for grain yield among 40 crosses. The highest positive mid-parent heterosis for grain yield was found 880% in cross between RML-32 and RML-17, followed by RL-98X RML-17 (507%), RL-103 x RML-17 (403%), PUTU-18 x RML- 17 (351%) and RL-180 x RL 84 (316%). Agronomy Journal of Nepal (Agron JN) Vol. 3. 2013, Page 172-180 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajn.v3i0.9020

scholarly journals First Report of Phytophthora capsici Infecting Lima Bean (Phaseolus lunatus) in the Mid-Atlantic Region

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 1049-1049 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Davidson ◽  
R. B. Carroll ◽  
T. A. Evans ◽  
R. P. Mulrooney ◽  
S. H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Petri Dish ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
Kent County ◽  
Original Field ◽  
Lima Beans ◽  
Stem Lesions

Lima beans are an important crop in Delaware and the Mid-Atlantic Region. In the summer of 2000, five commercial cultivars (3–28, 184–85, C-elite Sel, Butter Bean, and Jackson Wonder) of lima bean in Delaware, Maryland, and New Jersey were observed with white, appressed mycelia on infected pods that appeared distinctly different from signs of downy mildew infection caused by Phytophthora phaseoli. Isolations were made by placing diseased pods between layers of rye media (1). A fungus that produced white mycelia with sporangia was consistently isolated. All Phytophthora isolates from the infected pods were heterothallic, grew at 35°C, had as much as 100 μm long pedicles on varying shapes of caducous sporangia with tapering base and >2 papillae, and were identified as P. capsici (2). Initially, three surface-disinfected pods from cv. Early Thorogreen plants grown in the greenhouse were floated on 20 ml of sterile water in a petri dish, and each was inoculated with a disk of P. capsici. This was repeated for nine isolates obtained from lima bean. After incubation for 7 days at room temperature, all 27 pods were infected, and P. capsici was reisolated from all the pods. A pathogenicity test was performed on the same cultivars from which the original field isolates were collected. Three seedlings and two plants with mature pods were inoculated with a sporangial suspension of each of the nine isolates and placed in a dew chamber for 5 days at 20 to 25°C and 100% relative humidity. White mycelial growth was observed on seedlings and mature pods. One inoculated plant developed brown-to-black stem lesions with white mycelia. All pods on the mature plants showed appressed, white mycelia identical to that observed in the commercial lima bean fields. P. capsici was consistently reisolated from all inoculated plants. In 2000, most infected pods in infested fields were observed low in the plant canopy or touching the soil. However, in 2001, infected pods were mostly in the lower and mid-portion of the plants observed in baby lima bean fields in Kent County, DE. References: (1) C. E. Caten and J. L. Jinks. Can. J. Bot. 46:329, 1967. (2) D. C. Erwin and O. K. Ribeiro. Phytophthora capsici. Page 264 in: Phytophthora Diseases Worldwide. The American Phytopathological Society, St Paul, MN, 1996.

scholarly journals Evaluation of nitrogen (Urea) on Zea mays L. under Balkh province climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Nasratullah Habibi ◽  
Friba Sikandari
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Effect On Yield

An experiment was conducted to evaluate effect of urea fertilizer on yield and yield components of Zea mays L. Using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) split plots in three replications in agricultural research farm of Balkh University by 2019. Doses of urea used in this experiment were 0, 80, 160 and 240 kg ha-1 , respectively. It has been found that amount of nitrogen fertilizer (urea) had significant effect on yield of maize at p<0.05. The higher level of nitrogen caused the higher grain yield, number of kernels per ear, the number of grains per ear row, ear diameter, cob length, grain per plant and plant height. As a result 7.76 ton ha-1 was recorded as high yield while 240 kg ha-1 urea was used, and 5.12 ton ha-1 was recorded as low yield in treatment one with 0 kg ha-1 of nitrogen fertilizer. Finally, as a result using 240 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizer is recommended.

scholarly journals Total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins and antioxidant activity of lima beans conserved in a Brazilian Genebank

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia da Silveira Agostini-Costa ◽  
Ana Flávia Pádua Teodoro ◽  
Rosa de Belem das Neves Alves ◽  
Leandro Ribeiro Braga ◽  
Ieler Ferreira Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Lima Beans

The objective of this study was to characterize for the first time polyphenols and DPPH (2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl radical) antioxidant activity in commonly cultivated accessions of Phaseolus lunatus from an ex situ germplasm collection maintained by Embrapa, in Brazil. Furthermore, the study aimed to detect changes in total polyphenols, total flavonoids and condensed tannin for the same accessions after regeneration in a greenhouse. The results showed the diversity of the lima bean collection for phenolic compounds, which were strongly correlated with antioxidant activity. Lima beans accessions with the highest polyphenols and antioxidant activity were those with colored seeds. Conservation through cold storage of P. lunatus seeds in a cold chamber in the germplasm collection did not necessarily affect phenolic compounds. Variations observed in values after regeneration seeds may be mainly results of biotic and abiotic factors, including not only cultivar, but also environmental conditions. This study suggests that polyphenols in the lima beans present antioxidant activity, with possible beneficial effects for human health. It was expected that the potential of this tasty legume can be also used as a functional food crop and/or as a new ingredient in gastronomy.

scholarly journals The comparison of three models applied to the analysis of a three-factor trial on hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Szulc ◽  
Iwona Mejza ◽  
Katarzyna Ambroży-Deręgowska ◽  
Kamila Nowosad ◽  
Jan Bocianowski
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Treatment Combination ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
One Year ◽  
Hybrid Maize ◽  
Mixed Systems ◽  
Plot Design

SummaryThe aim of this paper is to present the comparison of three models applied to the analysis of a one-year study of protein yield for two types of hybrid maize cultivars under different forms of nitrogen fertilizer and doses of magnesium. The field trial was conducted in 2010 at the Agricultural Experimental Station in Swadzim (Poland). The results obtained were analyzed in terms of three randomization-derived models of observations. Consideration was given to three mixed systems, which are combinations of split-plot design, split-block design and randomized complete block design. The relative efficiency of the designs with respect to estimation of some comparisons among treatment combination effects was examined. Particular attention was paid to the interaction between cultivars and nitrogen fertilization.

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