scholarly journals Excel Approach for Infiltration Capacity for Different Lands

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Alaa Nabil El-Hazek
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Loamy Sand Soil ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Infiltration Models ◽  
Different Types

This paper presents an Excel approach for infiltration capacity for different types of lands. That is to employ the popular Microsoft Excel software to represent the measured infiltration data graphically. Regression analysis is performed for the accumulated infiltration versus the time. Equations are obtained to predict the accumulated infiltration at required times. Thirty one raw infiltration measurements from various sources are gathered, studied and analyzed applying this approach. Measurements include different types of soil textures and land covers. The infiltration rates are measured by the commonly used infiltrometer. Both single infiltrometer and double infiltrometer are employed. It is concluded that the presented Polynomial infiltration model of Excel approach for the accumulated infiltration is associated with high accuracy, where the values of coefficient of determination (R2) range between 0.9850 and 0.9998. The obtained equations can help in irrigation processes. All the gathered raw experimental infiltration measurements are also analyzed employing Horton and Kostiakov infiltration models. It is found that the Polynomial infiltration model of Excel approach has higher accuracy, followed by Kostiakov model, and finally Horton model. The values of different constants of Horton and Kostiakov infiltration models for all cases are obtained. The accuracy of the Polynomial, Horton and Kostiakov infiltration models are studied considering the types of soil texture and land cover. Investigating the constants A, B and C of the obtained equation of the polynomial infiltration model of Excel approach, it is found that all A values are negative, all B values are positive, and all C values are positive except for sandy clay and sandy clay loam soils. There is no specific trend for the effect of the associated land cover on constants A, B, and C except for loamy sand soil, where B and C values for bare land are greater than their values for irrigated land.

scholarly journals Application of Horton’s infiltration model for the soil of Dediapada (Gujarat), India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1254-1258
Author(s):  
M H Fadadu ◽  
P K Shrivastava ◽  
D K Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
A Site

The design and evaluation of surface irrigation systems of a site requires reliable data of infiltration which could be provided by an infiltration model. In this study, Horton’s infiltration model has been estimated for the soil located in a field of College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dediapada, Gujarat using the infiltration data obtained from several locations in the field using double ring infiltrometer. The decay constant of the Horton’s infiltration model was obtained using graphical method and also by using semi-log plot of t (time) vs. (f – fc), where f is the infiltration rate (mm/hr) and fc is the initial rate of infiltration capacity (mm/hr). The potential of the Horton’s infiltration model so obtained was evaluated by least square fitting with the observed infiltration data. The Horton’s infiltration model was used to estimate infiltration rate (mm/hr) and cumulative infiltration (cm). The Horton’s model for infiltration rate obtained by semi-log plot method was obtained as i=20 + 94 e-1.02t, where i=infiltration rate (mm/hr) and t= time (min). The coefficient of determination obtained when the infiltration model was applied to observation data taken at various points in the field were found to 0.96. Therefore, it could be inferred that the Horton’s infiltration model could give a reliable estimate of infiltration for the soil of Dediapada.  

scholarly journals Evaluation of Kostiakov’s and Philip’s infiltration models on the soil of Dediapada, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1073-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
A H Jagani ◽  
P K Shrivastava ◽  
D K Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Data ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Infiltration Depth ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Infiltration Models ◽  
Loam Soil

Infiltration models are used in designing and optimizing irrigation projects as they are capable of predicting infiltration rate and accumulated infiltration depth to a reasonable level of accuracy. The objective of this study deals with obtaining the parameters of infiltration models like Kostiakov and Philip, applying these models to the soil of Dediapada and evaluating their performance by comparing it with the observed infiltration. Firstly, the accumulated infiltration and infiltration rates were determined by the field measurement using a double ring infiltrometer. Kostiakov’s and Philip’s infiltration models were then applied to obtain simulated data once its parameters were ascertained. The estimated parameters ‘m’ and ‘n’ for the Kostiakov model were 0.1311 and -0.3092 respectively and the corresponding equations obtained for estimating infiltration rate and accumulated infiltration depth were 0.13t-0.30 and 0.19t0.69. The estimated parameters ‘s’ and ‘k’ for the Philip model were 0.32 and 0.014 respectively and the corresponding equations obtained for estimating infiltration rate and accumulated infiltration depth were 0.16t-0.5+0.014 and 0.32t0.5+0.014t. The coefficient of determination values for evaluating the performance of the model were obtained in excess of 0.95 for both the models. Due to lack of research on the application of infiltration models on the clay loam soil of Dediapada, this study would prove to be useful for estimation of infiltration rate and depth.

scholarly journals ANALISIS INFILTRASI BERBAGAI UNIT LAHAN YANG BERBEDA PADA SUB DAS BANYU IRANG DAS MALUKA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
Friska Aprilia Banjarina ◽  
Badaruddin Badaruddin ◽  
Syarifuddin Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
A Value ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Forest Land Cover

The purpose of this study is to analyze the infiltration rate in land units with different types of land cover in the Banyu Irang Sub Watershed in the Maluka Watershed. Analyzing the volume and infiltration capacity of land units with different types of land cover in the Banyu Irang watershed in the Maluka Watershed. The method used in this research is the Horton method. Factors affecting infiltration are soil texture, soil bulk density, total soil porosity, soil organic matter, and soil moisture content. The results of the study show the value of the rate, volume dan capacity of infiltration, where the highest infiltration rate is found in the secondary forest land cover with a value of 145,5 mm/hr on land unit 19 with slope grade between 0-8% and the lowest infiltration rate is found in alang-alang (reeds) land cover with a value of 3,0 mm/hr on land units 32 with slope grade between 15-25%. The highest infiltration capacity and volume occurred in secondary forest land cover with a value of 83,490 mm/hr in land units 19. The lowest infiltration capacity and volume occurs in alang-alang (reeds) land cover with a value of 0,787 mm/hr on land units 1 and 0,846 mm/hr on land units 1.

Predicting stormflow response of a degraded tropical grassland catchment using a spatially variable infiltration model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuo Cheng ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Bofu Yu ◽  
L. Adrian Bruijnzeel
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Infiltration Rates

<p>Reduced surface infiltration capacity (K<sub>sat</sub>), increased infiltration-excess overland flow (IOF) and soil loss after deforestation and subsequent surface degradation in the humid tropics are well-documented. However, attempts to predict concomitant increases in storm runoff using physically-based approaches or to relate infiltration model parameter values calibrated with observed hyetographs and hydrographs at the small catchment scale to point-based measurements of K<sub>sat</sub> are rare. We used measured rainfall intensity and stormflow rates at 5-min intervals for 37 separate events (receiving 5–154 mm of rain) from the 3.2 ha degraded fire-climax grassland Basper catchment (Leyte Island, Philippines) to evaluate the performance of a spatially variable infiltration (SVI) model. SVI relates actual infiltration rates to rainfall intensity and a spatially averaged infiltration parameter I<sub>m</sub> after an initial infiltration amount F<sub>0</sub> and has been used successfully to predict IOF at the plot scale at various tropical locations. Quickflow hydrographs were produced using the Hewlett & Hibbert straight-line separation method and actual infiltration rates were derived by subtracting 5-min quickflow rates from corresponding rainfall inputs. SVI-predicted actual infiltration rates were compared with observed rates to derive optimized values of I<sub>m</sub> and F<sub>0</sub> per event. Earlier work at Basper had revealed very low (near-)surface values of K<sub>sat</sub> (implying frequent IOF although there was reason to suspect that K<sub>sat</sub> was underestimated). No explicit measurement was made of hillslope IOF, but stable isotope mass balance computations and a high degree of stream-water dilution during times of rain suggested large contributions of ‘new’ water of low electrical conductivity that likely represented OF. Whilst SVI generally replicated individual quickflow hydrographs very well, values of I<sub>m</sub> and F<sub>0</sub> varied markedly between events. Using the median values of I<sub>m</sub> (46 mm h<sup>-1</sup>) and F<sub>0</sub> (6.8 mm) produced reasonable to good results (NSE > 0.6) for a subset of 15 (larger) events only. F<sub>0</sub> was positively related to maximum rainfall intensity over 15 or 30 min while I<sub>m</sub> was not significantly correlated to measured (mid-slope) soil water content or precipitation-based antecedent wetness indicators. However, I<sub>m</sub> exhibited a significant inverse correlation (Spearman r<sub>s</sub>=-0.617) with pre-storm baseflow rate Q<sub>b</sub> (notably for Q<sub>b</sub><0.5 mm d<sup>-1</sup>) suggesting foot-slope wetness status may be important for stormflow generation as well. The spatial distribution of K<sub>sat</sub>-values implied by SVI confirmed the suspected under-estimation of field-based K<sub>sat</sub> across the measured range, presumably reflecting a combination of macropore smearing (near-surface Amoozemeter measurements) and the limited size of the double-ring infiltrometer used for the measurement of surface infiltration rates.</p>

scholarly journals Performance of Horton Infiltration model in Predicting the Infiltration Capacity of some Soils of the Sudan Savanna of Nigeria.

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Girei A. ◽  
Nabayi A. ◽  
Aliyu J. ◽  
Garba J. ◽  
Hashim S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Density ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Cumulative Infiltration ◽  
Sudan Savanna

Infiltration study is very crucial in modelling water requirement of crops during their growth season. Infiltration rate measurements were carried out on dryland areas of Sokoto, Sudan savanna ecological zone of Nigeria; using the double ring infiltrometer. Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were used to determine some physical characteristics (Texture, Saturated hydraulic Conductivity, particle density, bulk density, porosity and organic matter) of the soil. The results showed that the cumulative infiltration predicted by Horton infiltration model was very close to the field measurements for all the spots from the average values (3.35, 2.83 and 1.71 cm/min) and predicted rates (2.37,2.34 and 1.54 cm/min) with coefficient of determination (R2) close to unity (0.98, 0.97, 0.97) for the three spots. The study showed that the Horton infiltration model can be applied to estimate infiltration characteristics of some soils in Sudan Savanna of Nigeria.

scholarly journals Performance of two prevalent infiltration models for disturbed urban soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1520-1536
Author(s):  
Xixi Wang ◽  
David J. Sample ◽  
Shohreh Pedram ◽  
Xiao Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Urban Soils ◽  
Large City ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
The Us ◽  
Infiltration Models ◽  
Disturbed Soils

AbstractEstimating infiltration losses is very important for calculating runoff and recharge. However, the accuracy of contemporary infiltration models for disturbed urban soils may not be adequate, potentially compromising calculations based upon them. The objective of this study was to assess the performance of the two most prevalent infiltration models, Horton and Green–Ampt, for applications in urban soils. The data were measured by the US Environmental Protection Agency in a large city for soils with various characteristics of texture, structure, age, compactness, and dryness/wetness. The results indicate both models performed better in predicting infiltration rates for clayey rather than sandy soils, for new rather than old soils, and for wet rather than dry soils. For the clayey soils, both models performed better for the noncompact than compact soils. The opposite was true for sandy soils. Overall, neither infiltration model performed well for most soils, with the sole exception of the new clayey, wet, noncompact soils. The generally poor performance of the models in disturbed soils will likely increase uncertainty in model predictions. This study demonstrates the need to develop improved, more robust infiltration algorithms applicable to urban soils and various kinds of urban development that are based on carefully measured field experimental data.

A Review of Different Types of DOE Methods as a Useful Platform for Improving the Performance of Nano Adsorbents in Removal Systems of Pollutants

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-227
Author(s):  
Ali Behmaneshfar ◽  
Abdolhossein Sadrnia ◽  
Hassan Karimi-Maleh
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Design Of Experiments ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Matlab Programming ◽  
Nano Adsorbent

Background: In recent years, the Design of Experiments (DOE) is used for removing pollutant from wastewater by nano-adsorbent. Some methods are Taguchi, Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and factorial design. The aim of this paper is to review different used methods of DOE in removing pollutant to suggest some notations to scholars. Methods: The reviewed papers were searched in Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science randomly and categorized based on DOE methods. Results: Number of factors and responses in DOE for removing pollutants from wastewater are between 2-6 and 1-4, respectively. There are several computer software programs that provide simple use of these methods, such as Qualitek, Design Expert, Minitab, R and Matlab Programming. All models have a coefficient of determination R-sq more than 0.9. Conclusion: All the mentioned methods are appropriate because of the high R-sq value. Since the largest number of runs are used in RSM, it is not suitable for the experiments which are conducted by expensive materials and process. Furthermore, Design Expert and Minitab are the most popular software used by scholars in DOE methods for the removal of pollutant.

scholarly journals Condicionantes geomorfológicos e da cobertura da terra na ocorrência de movimentos de massa na região serrana do Rio de Janeiro / Geomorphological and cover land conditioning factors of the mass movements in the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (56) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Nunes Francisco ◽  
Raquel Conceição Carvalho ◽  
Carla Maciel Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Landscape Evolution ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Mass Movements ◽  
Mountainous Region ◽  
Conditioning Factors ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Morphological Variables

Movimentos de massa são processos de evolução da paisagem condicionados por fatores geológicos, geomorfológicos, hidrológicos, climáticos e da cobertura vegetal. A região Sudeste do Brasil destaca-se pela ocorrência de eventos catastróficos, pois combina a ocupação das encostas com as características fisiográficas que a deixam altamente suscetível a diferentes tipos de movimentos de massa, destacando-se os escorregamentos translacionais. Embora tenham um importante papel na evolução da paisagem, a ocorrência de movimentos de massa em áreas ocupadas por atividades antrópicas tem gerado inúmeras perdas humanas e prejuízos econômicos. Foi o que ocorreu em janeiro de 2011 na região serrana do Rio de Janeiro, atingida por fortes chuvas que desencadearam eventos de extrema magnitude, e provocaram, além de destruição e morte, marcas profundas (cicatrizes) na paisagem que podem auxiliar no estudo dos processos de movimentos de massa. Este trabalho, assim, tem como objetivo analisar as relações espaciais entre a morfologia das encostas e a cobertura da terra com a ocorrência dos movimentos de massa em janeiro de 2011 na região serrana fluminense. Para tanto, foi realizado um estudo na bacia do rio Roncador, Nova Friburgo (Estado do Rio de Janeiro), com a sobreposição entre o mapeamento das cicatrizes, das variáveis morfológicas das encostas e das classes de cobertura da terra. Os resultados mostram que as cicatrizes predominaram em encostas de forma côncava e íngremes, além de cobertas por vegetação densa, corroborando com a literatura que aponta a declividade e a forma da encosta como fatores condicionantes significativos à ocorrência de movimentos de massa, em especial, dos escorregamentos translacionais.Palavras–chave: escorregamentos translacionais, corridas de lama, sistema de informação geográfica, desastre natural.Abstract Mass movements are landscape evolution processes conditioned by geological, geomorphological, hydrological, climatological and land cover factors. Southeastern Brazil is distinguished by the occurrence of catastrophic landslides events, due to the association of land use and physiographic factors which cause high susceptibility to the occurrence of different types of mass movements, mainly translational slides. Although mass movements have an important role in landscape evolution, their occurrence in areas occupied by human activities has generated numerous life human and economic losses. The mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro, in January 2011, was affected by rainstorms that caused the occurrence of extreme magnitude landslide events, which caused destruction and death as well as deep scars in the landscape, which can contribute to the study of mass movements processes. This paper aims to analyse the spatial relationships between the morphology of the slopes, the land cover and the occurrence of mass movements in January 2011 in the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro. The study was performed in the Roncador river basin, Nova Friburgo municipality, by overlaying the spatial distribution of landslide scars with morphological variables of the slopes and land cover classes. The results show that the scars predominated on steep and concave slopes covered by dense vegetation, which corroborates the literature that indicates the slope and the curvature as a significant conditioning factor to the occurrence of mass movements, in particular, the translational slides.Keywords: translational slides, mudflows, geographic information system, natural disaster.

scholarly journals Comparison of different efficiency criteria for hydrological model assessment

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Krause ◽  
D. P. Boyle ◽  
F. Bäse
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Hydrologic Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Evaluation Procedure ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Index Of Agreement ◽  
And Performance

Abstract. The evaluation of hydrologic model behaviour and performance is commonly made and reported through comparisons of simulated and observed variables. Frequently, comparisons are made between simulated and measured streamflow at the catchment outlet. In distributed hydrological modelling approaches, additional comparisons of simulated and observed measurements for multi-response validation may be integrated into the evaluation procedure to assess overall modelling performance. In both approaches, single and multi-response, efficiency criteria are commonly used by hydrologists to provide an objective assessment of the "closeness" of the simulated behaviour to the observed measurements. While there are a few efficiency criteria such as the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, coefficient of determination, and index of agreement that are frequently used in hydrologic modeling studies and reported in the literature, there are a large number of other efficiency criteria to choose from. The selection and use of specific efficiency criteria and the interpretation of the results can be a challenge for even the most experienced hydrologist since each criterion may place different emphasis on different types of simulated and observed behaviours. In this paper, the utility of several efficiency criteria is investigated in three examples using a simple observed streamflow hydrograph.

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