scholarly journals Application of Horton’s infiltration model for the soil of Dediapada (Gujarat), India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 1254-1258
Author(s):  
M H Fadadu ◽  
P K Shrivastava ◽  
D K Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
A Site

The design and evaluation of surface irrigation systems of a site requires reliable data of infiltration which could be provided by an infiltration model. In this study, Horton’s infiltration model has been estimated for the soil located in a field of College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Dediapada, Gujarat using the infiltration data obtained from several locations in the field using double ring infiltrometer. The decay constant of the Horton’s infiltration model was obtained using graphical method and also by using semi-log plot of t (time) vs. (f – fc), where f is the infiltration rate (mm/hr) and fc is the initial rate of infiltration capacity (mm/hr). The potential of the Horton’s infiltration model so obtained was evaluated by least square fitting with the observed infiltration data. The Horton’s infiltration model was used to estimate infiltration rate (mm/hr) and cumulative infiltration (cm). The Horton’s model for infiltration rate obtained by semi-log plot method was obtained as i=20 + 94 e-1.02t, where i=infiltration rate (mm/hr) and t= time (min). The coefficient of determination obtained when the infiltration model was applied to observation data taken at various points in the field were found to 0.96. Therefore, it could be inferred that the Horton’s infiltration model could give a reliable estimate of infiltration for the soil of Dediapada.  

scholarly journals Performance of Horton Infiltration model in Predicting the Infiltration Capacity of some Soils of the Sudan Savanna of Nigeria.

2019 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Girei A. ◽  
Nabayi A. ◽  
Aliyu J. ◽  
Garba J. ◽  
Hashim S. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Density ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Cumulative Infiltration ◽  
Sudan Savanna

Infiltration study is very crucial in modelling water requirement of crops during their growth season. Infiltration rate measurements were carried out on dryland areas of Sokoto, Sudan savanna ecological zone of Nigeria; using the double ring infiltrometer. Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were used to determine some physical characteristics (Texture, Saturated hydraulic Conductivity, particle density, bulk density, porosity and organic matter) of the soil. The results showed that the cumulative infiltration predicted by Horton infiltration model was very close to the field measurements for all the spots from the average values (3.35, 2.83 and 1.71 cm/min) and predicted rates (2.37,2.34 and 1.54 cm/min) with coefficient of determination (R2) close to unity (0.98, 0.97, 0.97) for the three spots. The study showed that the Horton infiltration model can be applied to estimate infiltration characteristics of some soils in Sudan Savanna of Nigeria.

Infiltration Characteristics of Soil Moisture in Liangping County

2014 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 183-186
Author(s):  
Shu Yan ◽  
Juan Gao ◽  
Zhong Yuan Zhang ◽  
Feng Lin Zuo ◽  
Wei Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Soil Water Infiltration ◽  
Relationship Of

In order to relieve water shortage, many countries develop water-saving industries and increase water use rate of irrigation. The research on soil water infiltration has important effect on infiltration and runoff, as well as for irrigation. The study carried out in Liangping district of Chongqing by using double ring infiltration method and exploring the reasonable infiltration model in the study area. The relationship of initial soil moisture and irrigation coefficient was studied as well. The results showed that: the Kostiakov empirical formula could simulate the process of soil water infiltration properly. The soil infiltration rate of Liangping is 0.0320cm/min in the selected location.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Kostiakov’s and Philip’s infiltration models on the soil of Dediapada, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1073-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
A H Jagani ◽  
P K Shrivastava ◽  
D K Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Data ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Infiltration Depth ◽  
Clay Loam Soil ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Estimated Parameters ◽  
Infiltration Models ◽  
Loam Soil

Infiltration models are used in designing and optimizing irrigation projects as they are capable of predicting infiltration rate and accumulated infiltration depth to a reasonable level of accuracy. The objective of this study deals with obtaining the parameters of infiltration models like Kostiakov and Philip, applying these models to the soil of Dediapada and evaluating their performance by comparing it with the observed infiltration. Firstly, the accumulated infiltration and infiltration rates were determined by the field measurement using a double ring infiltrometer. Kostiakov’s and Philip’s infiltration models were then applied to obtain simulated data once its parameters were ascertained. The estimated parameters ‘m’ and ‘n’ for the Kostiakov model were 0.1311 and -0.3092 respectively and the corresponding equations obtained for estimating infiltration rate and accumulated infiltration depth were 0.13t-0.30 and 0.19t0.69. The estimated parameters ‘s’ and ‘k’ for the Philip model were 0.32 and 0.014 respectively and the corresponding equations obtained for estimating infiltration rate and accumulated infiltration depth were 0.16t-0.5+0.014 and 0.32t0.5+0.014t. The coefficient of determination values for evaluating the performance of the model were obtained in excess of 0.95 for both the models. Due to lack of research on the application of infiltration models on the clay loam soil of Dediapada, this study would prove to be useful for estimation of infiltration rate and depth.

scholarly journals Excel Approach for Infiltration Capacity for Different Lands

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Alaa Nabil El-Hazek
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Loamy Sand Soil ◽  
Sandy Clay ◽  
Infiltration Models ◽  
Different Types

This paper presents an Excel approach for infiltration capacity for different types of lands. That is to employ the popular Microsoft Excel software to represent the measured infiltration data graphically. Regression analysis is performed for the accumulated infiltration versus the time. Equations are obtained to predict the accumulated infiltration at required times. Thirty one raw infiltration measurements from various sources are gathered, studied and analyzed applying this approach. Measurements include different types of soil textures and land covers. The infiltration rates are measured by the commonly used infiltrometer. Both single infiltrometer and double infiltrometer are employed. It is concluded that the presented Polynomial infiltration model of Excel approach for the accumulated infiltration is associated with high accuracy, where the values of coefficient of determination (R2) range between 0.9850 and 0.9998. The obtained equations can help in irrigation processes. All the gathered raw experimental infiltration measurements are also analyzed employing Horton and Kostiakov infiltration models. It is found that the Polynomial infiltration model of Excel approach has higher accuracy, followed by Kostiakov model, and finally Horton model. The values of different constants of Horton and Kostiakov infiltration models for all cases are obtained. The accuracy of the Polynomial, Horton and Kostiakov infiltration models are studied considering the types of soil texture and land cover. Investigating the constants A, B and C of the obtained equation of the polynomial infiltration model of Excel approach, it is found that all A values are negative, all B values are positive, and all C values are positive except for sandy clay and sandy clay loam soils. There is no specific trend for the effect of the associated land cover on constants A, B, and C except for loamy sand soil, where B and C values for bare land are greater than their values for irrigated land.

scholarly journals A NOVEL METHODOLOGY FOR INFILTRATION MODEL STUDIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-199
Author(s):  
Sunith David ◽  
Akash Shaji ◽  
Ashmy M S ◽  
Neenu Raju ◽  
Nimisha Sebastian
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Infiltration Model ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Ground Water Recharge ◽  
Infiltration Models ◽  
Water Recharge

Infiltration is treated as one of the important parameter of the hydrological cycle as far as ground water recharge is concerned. It depends on soil characteristics such as soil texture, hydraulic conductivity, soil structure, vegetation cover, porosity, permeability, degree of saturation etc. Determination of infiltration rates is useful for mitigation of hydrological riskand reflects the future of ground water resources in the study area. Infiltration of water into the soil is determined by a simple instrument called Double ring infiltrometer. Infiltration models are the empirical formulae developed using infiltration concepts which is used to determine the infiltration rate of soil. One way ANOVA test was performed to find the significance of the infiltration models. In the present study an attempt is made to validate the Horton’s model, Green ampt model and Kostiakov’s infiltration model with observed field data for a residential area, Ernakulam. From the present study significant model for the particular site is determined by using decision factor analysis.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Data Sifat Tanah Dalam Pendugaan Laju Infiltrasi Pada Areal Hutan Berlereng Curam

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Bejo Slamet ◽  
Dewi Sagita Ginting ◽  
Deni Elfiati
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Steep Slopes

Kendala pengukuran infiltrasi pada lahan hutan pegunungan adalah posisi lokasi yang jauh dan mempunyai kelerengan yang curam sampai sangat curam.  Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan model hubungan antara sifat tanah pada areal hutan yang berlereng curam dengan laju infiltrasi.  Penelitian dilakukan di Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura) Bukit Barisan Kabupaten Karo Provinsi Sumatera Utara.  Sifat tanah yang dijadikan sebagai parameter penduga adalah tekstur tanah, bulk density (kepadatan tanah) dan bahan organik.  Pengukuran infiltrasi di lapangan dilakukan dengan metode double ring infiltrometer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fraksi liat, bulk density, porositas dan bahan organic mampu memberikan nilai pendugaan laju infiltrasi maksimum dengan koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,567 dan pendugaan waktu mencapai konstan dengan koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,760.  Adapaun model persamaan penduga laju infiltrasi minimum hanya memberikan nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,162.  Variabilitas spasial laju infiltrasi yang tinggi mengakibatkan pendugaan menggunakan sifat fisik tanah masih memberikan koefisisen determinasi yang rendah.  Namun demikian model persamaan ini dapat dijadikan sebagai penduga infiltrasi pada areal pebukitan dengan kelerengan curam dan jauh dari sumber air.   The constraints on measuring infiltration on mountain forest land are the remote locations and have steep slopes to very steep. This research was conducted to obtain a model of the relationship between the soil properties in steep slope forests with infiltration rates. The study was held in the Bukit Barisan Forest Park (Tahura), Karo Regency, North Sumatra Province. The properties of the soil which are used as estimating parameters are soil texture, bulk density and soil organic matter. Measurement of infiltration in the field was done by t double ring infiltrometer method. The results show that the clay fraction, bulk density, porosity and soil organic matter were able to provide the estimation values of maximum infiltration rate with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.567 and the estimation of constant time with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.760. However, the estimation equation of minimum infiltration rate model only gives a determination coefficient of 0.162. The high spatial variability of infiltration rate in the field resulting in the low of the coefficient of determination of the model. However, this equation model can be used as an estimator of infiltration in hills with steep slopes and far from water sources.

scholarly journals Penerapan Model Horton Untuk Kuantifikasi Laju Infiltrasi

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Bismi Annisa
Keyword(s):  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
Rainwater Runoff ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Absorption Field ◽  
Horton Model

[ID] Kapasitas infiltrasi akan semakin menurun bila bidang resapan air semakin berkurang. Dampaknya limpasan air hujan yang menjadi aliran permukaan akan semakin meningkat. Konsep perencanaan yang memperbesar air hujan meresap ke dalam tanah akan mampu mengurangi aliran permukaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk kuantifikasi laju infiltrasi air hujan dengan menerapkan model Horton. Metode yang dilakukan adalah uji sampel di lapangan terhadap laju infiltrasi pada bidang tanah yang tidak ada lubang resapan dan bidang tanah yang diberi lubang resapan. Dimensi lubang resapan adalah diameter (Ø) 3 inchi, 4 inchi, dan 8 inchi dengan kedalaman 1,1 m menggunakan alat ukur double ring infiltrometer. Metode perhitungan menggunakan rumus infiltrasi Horton. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa lubang resapan berpengaruh terhadap peningkatkan laju infiltrasi air hujan ke dalam tanah, sehingga dapat meningkatkan daya resap air ke tanah. Laju infitrasi model Horton pada lubang resapan Ø 3 inchi, Ø 4 inchi, Ø 8 inchi dan tanpa lubang resapan adalah  f (t) = 0,55+0,45e-14t ; f (t) = 0,4+1,5e-19,5 t ;  f (t) = 2,3+1,8e-46t ; dan f (t) = 0,28+0,72e-10,7t. Nilai laju infiltrasi yang paling besar hingga paling kecil adalah f (0) = 4,1 m/jam (pada Ø 8 inchi); f (0) = 1,9 m/jam (pada Ø 4 inchi); f (0) = 1 m/jam (pada Ø 3 inchi); dan f (0) = 1 m/jam (tanpa lubang resapan). Perbandingan akumulasi waktu laju infiltrasi terhadap lubang resapan Ø 8 inchi adalah 3,8 kali lebih lambat (pada Ø 3 inchi), 3,6 kali lebih lambat (pada Ø 4 inchi), dan 6,63 kali lebih lambat (tanpa lubang resapan). [EN] Infiltration capacity will decrease if the water absorption field decreases. The impact of rainwater runoff which becomes surface runoff will increase. The concept of planning that enlarges rainwater seeps into the ground will be able to reduce surface flow. This study aims to quantify the rate of infiltration of rainwater by applying the Horton model. The method used is a sample test in the field against the infiltration rate in the field of land where there are no infiltration holes and soils are given infiltration holes. The dimensions of infiltration holes are diameter (Ø) 3 inches, 4 inches, and 8 inches with a depth of 1.1 m using a double ring infiltrometer measuring instrument. Calculation method using Horton infiltration formula. It can be concluded that infiltration holes affect the rate of infiltration of rainwater into the soil, so that it can increase the absorption rate of water to the ground. Inflation rate of Horton model in infiltration hole Ø 3 inches, Ø 4 inches, Ø 8 inches and without infiltration hole is f (t) = 0.55 + 0.45e-14t; f (t) = 0.4 + 1.5e-19.5 t; f (t) = 2.3 + 1.8e-46t; and f (t) = 0.28 + 0.72e-10.7t. The value of the largest infiltration rate to the smallest is f (0) = 4.1 m / hour (at Ø 8 inches); f (0) = 1.9 m / hour (at Ø 4 inches); f (0) = 1 m / hour (at Ø 3 inches); and f (0) = 1 m / hour (without infiltration holes). Comparison of accumulated infiltration time to infiltration hole Ø 8 inches is 3.8 times slower (at Ø 3 inches), 3.6 times slower (at Ø 4 inches), and 6.63 times slower (without infiltration holes).

scholarly journals Evaluation of Infiltration Rate of Landmark University Soils, Omu-Aran, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.O Elemile ◽  
O.O Ibitoye ◽  
O.P Folorunso ◽  
E.M Ibitogbe
Keyword(s):  
Particle Density ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Outer Ring ◽  
Infiltration Capacity ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Infiltration Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effective Drainage

The processing of adequate information of characteristics of soils is essential for designing quality soil management and construction practices on agricultural and urban lands. Little is known about the infiltration capacity of soils in institutions of higher learning, this study therefore evaluated the infiltration capacity of soils in the Landmark University, Omu-Aran. The double ring infiltrometer with an inner ring of 30 cm and a 50 cm diameter outer ring with a height of 30 cm above the ground was used to test infiltration rates at two sites, namely the University of Omu-Aran’s orchard area (OA) and the new college building area (NCBA). Six points labelled (A, B, C, D, E and F) were identified at 10 m grid intervals at which infiltration rates were determined using a 30 cm inner ring double ring infiltrometer and a 30 cm height outer ring. Results of soil analysis suggests sand dirty and silt texture and bulk density and particle density varied from 2.54–3.03 g/cm3 and 1.31–1.52 g/cm3 respectively. The infiltration rates ranged between 0.007 to 0.011 cm/sec with a mean of 0.009cm/sec in orchard area (OA) and 0.011 to 0.035 cm/sec with a mean value of 0.021 cm/sec in NCBA indicating a significant difference at both locations. The infiltration rate of soils at the OA is very low compare to that of NCBA therefore the OA is more prone to flooding. Effective drainage control system is recommended along the orchard area to prevent flooding.

URGENSI AUDIT JUDGEMENT PADA POST CLEARANCE AUDIT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masruri Muchtar ◽  
Prasetya Utama
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Experience Level ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Audit Judgment ◽  
Depth Interview ◽  
Study Results

ABSTRACT:The auditor should have eminence audit judgment to support their assignment This research aims to provide empirical evidence that self-efficacy, experience, level of education, and skepticism have an impact on audit judgment. The population are auditors who had carried out post-clearance audit assignments. This research uses a quantitative approach by testing the theories and hypotheses that have been prepared. Ordinary least square (OLS) linear regression as an analytical model is used in this study. Results show that experience and education level have no impact on audit judgment, whereas self-efficacy and skepticism have a positive and significant impact on audit judgment. Efforts to improve self-efficacy and auditor skepticism are urgently needed. The coefficient of determination describes the variation of variables of self-efficacy, experience, level of education, and skepticism able to explain the variation of audit judgment variables by 51%. The remaining 49% is explained by other variables not involved in this study. Future studies may enhance with other variables and employ in-depth interview methods.Keywords: audit judgment, experience, level of education, post-clearance audit, self-efficacy, skepticism, post-clearance audit ABSTRAK:Auditor seyogyanya memiliki kemampuan audit judgment yang berkualitas guna mendukung penugasannya. Tujuan penelitian adalah memberikan bukti empiris bahwa efikasi diri, pengalaman, tingkat pendidikan, dan skeptisisme memiliki pengaruh terhadap audit judgement. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah auditor Direktorat Jenderal Bea dan Cukai (DJBC) yang pernah melakukan post clearance audit. Ini merupakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang menguji teori serta hipotesis yang telah disusun. Riset ini menggunakan regresi linear ordinary least square (OLS) sebagai model analisis. Hasil studi memperlihatkan pengalaman dan tingkat pendidikan tidak berpengaruh pada audit judgement, namun efikasi diri dan skeptisisme berpengaruh signifikan pada audit judgement. Implikasinya DJBC perlu memberikan perhatian khusus terhadap berbagai upaya dalam peningkatan efikasi diri dan skeptisisme auditor. Tulisan ini adalah pengembangan beberapa penelitian sebelumnya namun dalam konteks pengujian untuk jenis audit ketaatan. Nilai koefisien determinasi menggambarkan variasi variabel efikasi diri, pengalaman, tingkat pendidikan, dan skeptisisme dapat menjelaskan variasi variabel audit judgement sebesar 51%. Sisanya sebesar 49% dijelaskan oleh variabel lainnya yang tidak diujikan dalam tulisan ini. Dengan adanya keterbatasan waktu pada penelitian ini diharapkan mendorong penelitian berikutnya untuk dapat menyertakan beberapa variabel lain yang relevan dan melengkapinya dengan metode in-depth interview.Kata Kunci: bea dan cukai, efikasi diri, pengalaman, skeptisisme, tingkat pendidikan

scholarly journals Histamine Control in Raw and Processed Tuna: A Rapid Tool Based on NIR Spectroscopy

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 885
Author(s):  
Sergio Ghidini ◽  
Luca Maria Chiesa ◽  
Sara Panseri ◽  
Maria Olga Varrà ◽  
Adriana Ianieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Tuna Fish ◽  
Mean Square Errors

The present study was designed to investigate whether near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with minimal sample processing could be a suitable technique to rapidly measure histamine levels in raw and processed tuna fish. Calibration models based on orthogonal partial least square regression (OPLSR) were built to predict histamine in the range 10–1000 mg kg−1 using the 1000–2500 nm NIR spectra of artificially-contaminated fish. The two models were then validated using a new set of naturally contaminated samples in which histamine content was determined by conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. As for calibration results, coefficient of determination (r2) > 0.98, root mean square of estimation (RMSEE) ≤ 5 mg kg−1 and root mean square of cross-validation (RMSECV) ≤ 6 mg kg−1 were achieved. Both models were optimal also in the validation stage, showing r2 values > 0.97, root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEP) ≤ 10 mg kg−1 and relative range error (RER) ≥ 25, with better results showed by the model for processed fish. The promising results achieved suggest NIR spectroscopy as an implemental analytical solution in fish industries and markets to effectively determine histamine amounts.

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