scholarly journals Phytochemical Constituents and Comparative Antioxidative Effects of Some Medicinal Plants

2021 ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Abiodun Olusoji Owoade ◽  
Adewale Adetutu ◽  
Olufemi Ogundeji Ogundipe ◽  
Akinade William Owoade
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

This study was carried out to compare the in-vitro antioxidant potentials, antidiabetic and phytochemical constituents of methanolic leaf extracts of Anthocleista djalonensis, Chrysophyllum albidium, Bauhinia thonningii, Daniellia oliveri, and Cola nitida. The results of this study show that all the plant extracts have strong antioxidant potentials against various radicals. The extracts scavenged DPPH and ABTS radicals, in a concentration-dependent manner and scavenged nitric oxide radicals with IC50 values of 152.39, 186.36, 213.40, 303.58 and 355.53 µg/ml for C. albidium, D. oliveri, C. nitida, A. djalonensis and B. thonningii, respectively. All the extracts also inhibited the induction of lipid peroxidation and α-amylase activity in a concentration-dependent manner, while the degree of ferric reducing power by the extracts was of the order C. albidium > D. oliveri > B. thonningii > C. nitida > A. djalonensis. Phytochemical and gas chromatography analyses carried out on the extracts revealed the presence of known chemical constituents. The amounts of total phenolics in A. djalonensis, C. albidium, B. thonningii, D. oliveri, and C. nitida were 68.39 mg/g, 95.11 mg/g, 61.03 mg/g, 103.74 mg/g, and 63.31 mg/g, respectively, in gallic acid equivalents. In all cell-free assays, C. albidium and D. oliveri, the two plants with higher amounts of phenolic compounds, were found to be more effective as antioxidants than other plant extracts with lower phenolic contents under the same experimental conditions. Therefore, the effectiveness of the antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of these plant extracts may be related to their phenolic content. The presence of phenolics and various antioxidant compounds in the plants may explain the strong pharmacological potentials of these plants.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Potentials, Phytochemical Profiles and Ameliorating Effects of Senna siamea Extract on Arsenic-Induced Hepato-Renal Damage

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-52
Author(s):  
Abiodun Olusoji Owoade ◽  
Abdullahi Alausa ◽  
Adewale Adetutu ◽  
Akinade William Owoade ◽  
Olufemi Alamu Alamu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Protective Efficacy ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Senna Siamea ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

This study evaluated the in- vitro antioxidant, phytochemical constituents and hepato-renal protective efficacy of Senna siamea methanolic extract in arsenic-induced oxidative stress. The results of this study show that S. siamea has strong antioxidant potentials against 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’azinobis (3 ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acids) (ABTS) radicals. The extract scavenges nitric oxide radicals and has strong ferric reducing power. It also inhibited the induction of lipid peroxidation and α-amylase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Administration of arsenic to rats induced a significant increase in the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, cholesterol, urea, creatinine, and triglycerides in the plasma, while it decreased superoxide dismutase, glutathione and catalase activities in the liver and kidney. It also significantly reduced the levels of white blood cells, red blood cells, platelet and lymphocytes in the blood. However, rats pretreated with S. siamea extract before arsenic administration significantly reversed all these arsenic-induced changes. Histological observations showed varying degrees of liver damage in the arsenic group that was un­treated, while the pre-treatment with S. siamea extract significantly improved the general histoarchitecture of the liver. The phytochemical constituents of the extract were determined, the gas-chromatography analysis revealed the possible presence of oxalic acid, barakol, kaempferol, betulin while total phenolics content, crude protein, crude fat, crude fibre are in considerable amount in the plant This study demonstrated that S. siamea extract has antioxidant potentials and ameliorates arsenic-induced hepato-renal toxicity, the effectiveness of S. siamea as a medicinal plant could be due to the presence of various phenolics and antioxidant compounds in the plant.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Dibenz[b,f]azepine and its Analogues

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (s2) ◽  
pp. 1123-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Vijay Kumar ◽  
C. R. Gnanendra ◽  
Nagaraja Naik ◽  
D. Channe Gowda
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner

Dibenz[b,f]azepine and its five derivatives bearing different functional groups were synthesized by known methods. The compounds thus synthesized were evaluated for antioxidant potential through different in vitro models such as (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity,ß-carotene-linoleic acid model system, reducing power assay and phosphomolybdenum method. Under our experimental condition among the synthesized compounds dibenz[b,f]azepine (a) and 10-methoxy-5H-dibenz[b,f]azepine (d) exhibited potent antioxidant activity in concentration dependent manner in all the above four methods. Butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA) and ascorbic acid (AA) were used as the reference antioxidant compounds. The most active compounds like dibenz[b,f]azepine and its methoxy group substituent have shown more promising antioxidant and radical scavengers compared to the standards like BHA and ascorbic acid. It is conceivable from the studies that the tricyclic amines,i.e. dibenz[b, f]azepine and some of its derivatives are effective in their antioxidant activity properties.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Characterization and Antioxidant Bioactivity of Andrographis paniculata (Nees)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-256
Author(s):  
Abiodun O. Owoade
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Methyl Caffeate

Background: Medicinal plants are natural sources of antioxidants effective in the treatment of radical mediated diseases. This study evaluated the in-vitro antioxidant and phytochemical constituents of the methanolic leaves extract of Andrographis paniculata . Methods: Fresh A. paniculata leaves were harvested from a local far m, air -dried and extracted with methanol. Chemical composition, antioxidant activities, and α-amylase enzyme inhibitory potentials of the extract were determined Results: The extract of A. paniculata concentration-dependently scavenges 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acids) (ABTS) radicals. It scavenges nitric oxide radicals with IC50 of 145.99 μg/ml compared to 167.17 μg/ml of standard ascorbic acid and has 41% activity of standard ascorbic acid ferric reducing power. The extract also inhibited the induction of lipid peroxidation and α-Amylase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. The phytochemical assays employed revealed the presence of various phytochemicals in the extract. Further analysis with gas-chromatography revealed the possible presence of Andrographolide, Deoxyandrographolide, Apigenin, Kaempferol, Quercetin, Methyl vanillate, Methyl Caffeate, Beta-sitosterol, Vanillic acid in the extract. The total phenolics content was found to be 29.11mg GAE/g, and proximate analysis revealed the moisture content, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, total ash, and Nitrogen free extract to be 21.89%, 5.66%, 8.74%, 0.95%, 6.87%, and 55.89% respectively. Conclusion: The plant A. paniculata demonstrated good antioxidant potentials and contain various phytochemicals. Therefore, it could be inferred that the effectiveness of A. paniculata as a medicinal plant could be due to the presence of various phenolics and antioxidant compounds in the plant.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of the Bulbs of Scilla peruviana and Their Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitory Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1262
Author(s):  
Yukiko Matsuo ◽  
Asuka Yamashiro ◽  
Kanae Ootomo ◽  
Mika Nakagawa ◽  
Hiroko Tsuchihashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Triterpene Glycosides ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Phytochemical Investigation

Scilla species are used as medicinal plants and contain lanosterol-type triterpene glycosides. The phytochemical investigation of the bulbs of Scilla peruviana led to the isolation of 17 compounds, including three new rearranged pentacyclic-lanosterol glycosides (1–3) and two new homoisoflavanone glycosides (12 and 13). The structures of the undescribed compounds were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses, including two-dimensional (2D) NMR. Among the triterpene glycosides, 2, 3, and 6 showed significant pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro. The oral administration of scillascilloside D-2 (6) reduced serum triglyceride levels in a dose-dependent manner in soybean oil-loaded mice.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Ethnopharmacological and Antioxidant Potential ofZanthoxylum armatumDC.

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Kanwal ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Yamin Bibi ◽  
Saira Asif ◽  
Sunbal Khalil Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Zanthoxylum Armatum

Zanthoxylum armatumDC. (syn.Z. alatumRoxb.) is an important medicinal plant commonly called Timur or Indian prickly ash. The ethnopharmacological study ofZ. armatumrevealed the use of different plant parts for curing various ailments including cholera, chest infection, fever, indigestion, stomach disorders, gas problems, piles, toothache, gum problems, dyspepsia, as carminative, antipyretic, aromatic, tonic, and stomachic. Keeping in view the medicinal potential of the plant, the antioxidant activity was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, reducing power, and phosphomolybdate assay using different concentrations (7.81 μg/mL–250 μg/mL). Ascorbic acid was taken as standard. The results indicated that the free radical scavenging activity ranged from 40.12% to 78.39%, and the reductive potential ranged from 0.265 nm to 1.411 nm while the total antioxidant activity ranged from 0.124 nm to 0.183 nm. The antioxidant potential evaluated by three assays increased in a concentration dependent manner and ascorbic acid showed better antioxidant activity than leaf extract. Results obtained through different tests confirmed redox protective activities ofZanthoxylum armatum. Further in vitro and in vivo research should be performed, so this plant can be further utilized in drug development.

scholarly journals Preliminary Phytochemical Screening andIn VitroAntioxidant Activities ofParkinsonia aculeataLinn.

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Sharma ◽  
Adarsh Pal Vig
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Parkinsonia Aculeata ◽  
Butanol Extract

Butanol and hexane leaves extracts ofParkinsonia aculeataL. (Fabaceae) were assessed for its antioxidant potential byin vitromethods. Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity of plant extracts were studied using differentin vitroassays. UPLC analysis of extracts was carried out for the identification of chemical constituents. The total phenolic contents of the butanol and hexane leaf extract were 42 mgGAE/g and 34 mgGAE/g whereas flavonoid contents of these extracts were found to be 0.044 mgRE/g and 0.005 mgRE/g, respectively. Among both extracts, butanol extract shows maximum inhibition (%) of 93.88%, 80.02%, 52.06%, 94.68%, and 69.37% in DPPH, non-site-specific and site-specific, FTC, and TBA assays and absorbance of 0.852 and 0.522 in reducing power and CUPRAC assay at the highest concentration tested. The FRAP and TAC values of butanol extract were found to be 678 μM Fe(II)/g and 36 mgAAE/100 mg. UPLC analysis of extracts revealed the presence of various polyphenols. The tested plant extracts were found to possess potent antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity which may be due to the presence of flavonoids and polyphenols.

scholarly journals Experimental Assessment ofMoringa oleiferaLeaf and Fruit for Its Antistress, Antioxidant, and Scavenging Potential UsingIn VitroandIn VivoAssays

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suaib Luqman ◽  
Suchita Srivastava ◽  
Ritesh Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar Maurya ◽  
Debabrata Chanda
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner

We have investigated effect ofMoringa oleiferaleaf and fruit extracts on markers of oxidative stress, its toxicity evaluation, and correlation with antioxidant properties usingin vitroandin vitroassays. The aqueous extract of leaf was able to increase the GSH and reduce MDA level in a concentration-dependent manner. The ethanolic extract of fruit showed highest phenolic content, strong reducing power and free radical scavenging capacity. The antioxidant capacity of ethanolic extract of both fruit and leaf was higher in thein vitroassay compared to aqueous extract which showed higher potentialin vivo. Safety evaluation studies showed no toxicity of the extracts up to a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight. Our results support the potent antioxidant activity of aqueous and ethanolic extract ofMoringa oleiferawhich adds one more positive attribute to its known pharmacological importance.

scholarly journals Characterization, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects of some Egyptian wild plant extracts

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thoria A. Diab ◽  
Thoria K. Donia ◽  
Khalil M. Saad-Allah
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Wild Plant ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Antitumor Activities

Abstract Background Natural products from plants are very safe as compared to synthetic ones, so the aim of this study was to assess the in vitro antioxidant and antitumor activities of the ethanolic extracts of four Egyptian wild plant species (Varthemia candicans, Peganum harmala, Suaeda vermiculata, and Conyza dioscoridis), as well as polyphenols and flavonoid contents with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant activity of the four plant extracts was assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) to determine 50% inhibition of DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power by phosphomolybdate assay. In addition, the chemical composition of the four sample extracts was investigated using GC-MS. The total phenolic and flavonoid levels were also determined. Then, the antitumor activity of the plant extracts against HepG2 cells was determined using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results The results showed that Varthemia candicans extract was the highest one regarding both polyphenols and flavonoid contents. Moreover, the extract of Suaeda vermiculata exhibited the lowest half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) against DPPH, thus indicating its highest effectiveness. All studied plant extracts decreased the viability of HepG2 cells, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and the lowest IC50 was for Suaeda vermiculata. Conclusion The investigated plant extracts showed potent antioxidant and antitumor activities in vitro due to their phytochemical contents.

Antioxidant Activity of Fruits of Perillafrutescens

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 5262-5265
Author(s):  
Jing Rong Song ◽  
Gang Lv
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Dpph Method

The antioxidant activities of extracts and residuum of Perillafrutescens fruits from supercritical CO2 extraction were determined in vitro. The residuum was extracted in turn with water, propyl alcohol and ethyl acetate. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were assayed with antioxidant capacity in linoleic acid model system, reducing powers, radical scavenging activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhy-drazyl (DPPH) method. The results show that the ethyl acetate extract of Perillafrutescens possesses strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power in a concentration-dependent manner.

Studies on antioxidant and antibacterial activities of crude extracts of Plantago lanceolata leaves

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Plantago Lanceolata ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Ferrous Ions ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Crude Extracts

In this study, three different antioxidant activity quantification methods: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging (DPPH), reducing power, FRAP and peroxide value determination including total phenolic, TP, total flavonoid, TF assays of crude leaf extracts of Plantago lanceolata were carried out. The extracts showed significant activities in all antioxidant assays in a concentration dependent manner. The crude extracts were found to possess higher ferric reducing activity ranging from 336.58±0.052 mgAAE/100g (90% methanol) to 172.94±0.032 mgAAE/100g (petroleum ether) and DPPH activity varied from 90.6% (90% methanol) to 36.04% (petroleum ether). Strong correlation of TPC with AEACDPPH and AEACFRAP (R2 = 0.9033 and R2 = 0.8538 respectively) implied that compounds in the extract were proficient to scavenge the DPPH free radical and reducing ferric ions into ferrous ions. Moreover, peroxide values of the extracts were obtained and varied from 19.8 meq/kg (90% methanol) to 379 meq/kg(petroleum ether) and 3.1meq/kg (90% methanol) to 119 meq/kg (petroleum ether) at 70 oC and room temperature respectively. Therefore, P. lanceolata leaf extracts as compared to the control showed effective activity in delaying oxidation of the oil. Antimicrobial capacity evaluation of crude extracts against different gram-positive and gram-negative organisms was also evaluated and a higher degree of antimicrobial activity was observed of crude extracts with MIC and MBC values in the range of 6.25 to 25% were also observed for the crude extracts.

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