scholarly journals Role of Immunohistochemistry Markers (p53 and CEA), in Study of Colorectal Tumours

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-106
Author(s):  
Sapam Chingkhei Lakpa ◽  
R. Vinoth Kumar ◽  
Mary Lilly
Keyword(s):  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Tumour Suppressor Gene ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
P53 Tumour Suppressor Gene ◽  
Formalin Fixed ◽  
Colorectal Tumours

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men and the second in women globally. There is a marked variation in the incidence of colorectal carcinoma worldwide, where western countries having high rate compared to others. p53 tumour suppressor gene is one of the most intensively studied tumour markers in the colorectal tumours. Two markers were used, p53 (oncoprotein p53) and CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen) in the study. The 102 cases of paraffin-embedded samples were processed for the immunohistochemistry examination. After the analysis of the selected patients regarding the antibodies distribution, statistical analysis was performed. The current study showed that there was a statistically significant correlation existing between p53 and CEA in each tumour type irrespective of its histological grades. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on 4-µm thick sections from 10% formalin- fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks.

scholarly journals Identification of DLEC1 D215N Somatic Mutation in Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded Melanoma and Melanocytic Nevi Specimens

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ricardo Vieira ◽  
Maria José Simões ◽  
Susana Carmona ◽  
Conceição Egas ◽  
Carlos Faro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Mutation ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Melanocytic Nevi ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Melanoma Patients ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Melanoma Tissue ◽  
Formalin Fixed

DLEC1 has been suggested as a tumor suppressor gene in several cancers. DLEC1 D215N somatic mutation (COSM36702) was identified in a melanoma cell line through whole genome sequencing. However, little is known about the implication and prevalence of this mutation in primary melanomas or in melanocytic nevi. The aim of this study was to genotype DLEC1 D215N mutation in melanoma tissue and melanocytic nevi samples to confirm its occurrence and to estimate its prevalence. Primary melanomas (n=81) paired with synchronous or asynchronous metastases (n=21) from 81 melanoma patients and melanocytic nevi (n=28) were screened for DLEC1 D215N mutation. We found the mutation in 3 primary melanomas and in 2 melanocytic nevi, corresponding to a relatively low prevalence (3.7% and 7.1%, resp.). The pathogenic role of DLEC1 215N mutation is unclear. However, since the mutation has not been previously described in general population, its involvement in nevogenesis and melanoma progression remains a possibility to be clarified in future studies.

Osteopontin Expression According to Molecular Profile of Invasive Breast Cancer: A Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
J.P. Oliveira da Costa ◽  
S. Britto Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Calcium Binding ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Breast Carcinomas ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Mineralized Tissues ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Invasive Breast Carcinomas ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted, calcium-binding phosphorylated glycoprotein involved in several physiological and pathological events such as angiogenesis, apoptosis, inflammation, wound healing, vascular remodeling, calcification of mineralized tissues, and induction of cell proteases. There is growing interest in the role of OPN in breast cancer. In an attempt to obtain new insight into the pathogenesis of OPN-associated breast carcinomas, an immunohistochemical panel with 17 primary antibodies including cytokeratins and key regulators of the cell cycle was performed in 100 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples of invasive breast carcinomas. OPN was expressed in 65% of tumors and was negatively correlated with estrogen (p=0.0350) and progesterone (p=0.0069) receptors, but not with the other markers and clinicopathological features evaluated including age, menstrual status, pathological grading, tumor size, and metastasis. There was no correlation between OPN expression and carcinomas of the basal-like phenotype (p=0.1615); however, OPN correlated positively with c-erbB-2 status (p=0.0286) and negatively with carcinomas of the luminal subtype (p=0.0353). It is well known that carcinomas overexpressing c-erbB-2 protein have a worse prognosis than luminal tumors. Here, we hypothesize that the differential expression of OPN in the first subtype of carcinomas may contribute to their more aggressive behavior.

scholarly journals The Role of PCR in Diagnosis of a Rare Appendicular Tuberculosis and Mini Literature Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Asmerom Tesfamariam Sengal ◽  
Ahmed Abdalla Mohamedani ◽  
Hanan Hasaan Hussein ◽  
Alaa Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
The Body ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Granulomatous Lesions ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Formalin Fixed

Tuberculosis is a prevalent public health problem especially in the poor developing countries and results in significant mortality. Albeit tuberculosis almost always affects any organ or system of the body, abdominal tuberculosis is less frequent; moreover, tuberculous appendicitis is very rare with an incidence estimated at about 0.1–0.6% of all gastrointestinal tuberculosis. The purpose of this report was to present an unusual case of primary tuberculous appendicitis and the approach used for accurate diagnosis as well as a current update on the disease. We are reporting a 30-year-old male who presented with acute abdominal pain, fever, and vomiting and was admitted with the clinical diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Patient was investigated thoroughly and histopathologic examination was strongly suggestive of tuberculous appendicitis; however, Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) was negative in tissue section. To confirm the diagnosis, molecular biology [polymerase chain reaction (PCR)] study was performed from the formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) appendicular tissue and revealed presence ofMycobacterium tuberculosis. As there are numerous differential diagnoses in granulomatous lesions of appendix and due to the fact that appendicular tuberculosis is a rare phenomenon; verification etiologic agent is crucial for appropriate management of the disease.

Hepatocellular carcinoma: molecular interactions between hepatitis C virus and p53 in hepatocarcinogenesis

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (28) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica Anzola ◽  
Juan José Burgos
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Tumour Suppressor Gene ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Crucial Importance ◽  
Hepatitis Viruses ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Correct Function ◽  
P53 Tumour Suppressor Gene ◽  
Common Cancer Type

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most important primary hepatic cancer and is a common cancer type worldwide. Many aetiological factors have been related to HCC development, such as liver cirrhosis, hepatitis viruses and alcohol consumption. Inactivation of the p53 tumour suppressor gene is one of the most common abnormalities in many tumours, including HCC. p53 is of crucial importance for the regulation of the cell cycle and the maintenance of genomic integrity. In HCC, hepatitis B and C virus (HBV and HCV) effect carcinogenic pathways, independently leading to anomalies in p53 function. Several authors have reported that some HCV proteins, such as the core, NS5A and NS3 proteins, interact with p53 and prevent its correct function. The mechanisms of action of these HCV proteins in relation to p53 are not completely clear, but they might cause its cytoplasmic retention or accumulation in the perinuclear region where the protein is not functional. The identification of the interactions between p53 and HCV proteins is of great importance for therapeutic strategies aimed at reducing the chronicity and/or carcinogenicity of the virus.

scholarly journals Evaluation of PCR in Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissues: Comparison of Four Amplification Assays

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1512-1517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Marchetti ◽  
Andrea Gori ◽  
Lidia Catozzi ◽  
Luca Vago ◽  
Manuela Nebuloni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Antigen Gene ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Formalin Fixed

We compared the sensitivities and specificities of four nested PCR assays for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. Thirty-seven autopsy samples from human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients were analyzed: 15 were M. tuberculosis positive, 11 served as negative controls, and 11 were Ziehl-Neelsen positive without cultural confirmation of M. tuberculosis. Three genomic sequences (mtp40, 65-kDa antigen gene, and IS6110) with different molecular masses and numbers of repetitions within the M. tuberculosis genome were targeted. On the IS6110 sequence, two fragments of different sizes (106 and 123 bp, respectively) were amplified with two separate pairs of primers. The highest sensitivity rates were obtained by amplifying the highly repetitive IS6110 insertion sequence, and the different primers tested showed a sensitivity ranging from 80 to 87%. Amplification of the large 223-bp fragment of themtp40 sequence present in a single copy in the M. tuberculosis genome yielded a high rate of false-negative results, ranging from 66 to 80%. A poor sensitivity (from 47 to 60%) was also shown by PCR amplification of the 142-bp 65-kDa antigen gene. All the PCRs except that for the 65-kDa antigen gene showed a specificity of 100%. Moreover, different results were obtained with different dilutions of DNA, and DNA concentrations of 1 and 3 μg yielded the highest sensitivities depending upon which protocol was used. Application of the PCRs to the Ziehl-Neelsen-positive, culture-negative samples confirmed the sensitivities of the PCRs obtained with the control samples. In conclusion, PCR can successfully be used to detect M. tuberculosis from paraffin-embedded tissues and can be particularly useful in the validation of a diagnosis of tuberculosis in clinical settings in which the diagnosis is uncertain. However, the efficacy of PCR strictly depends on several amplification parameters such as DNA concentration, target DNA size, and the repetitiveness of the amplified sequence.

scholarly journals Role of formalin fixed paraffin embedded liver tissues in the diagnosis of viral hepatitis E in patients with undiagnosed acute liver failure

VirusDisease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-306
Author(s):  
Radha Kanta Ratho ◽  
Vikram Thakur ◽  
Manasi Majumdar ◽  
Mini P. Singh ◽  
Ashim Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Failure ◽  
Acute Liver Failure ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Formalin Fixed ◽  
Liver Tissues

The role of miRNAs in drug resistance and prognosis of breast cancer formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues

Gene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 595 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu Chen ◽  
Peng Lu ◽  
Dan-dan Wang ◽  
Su-jin Yang ◽  
Ying Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Formalin Fixed

The potential role of fatty acids in prostate cancer determined by GC–MS analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples

2021 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 113907
Author(s):  
Magdalena Buszewska-Forajta ◽  
Joanna Raczak-Gutknecht ◽  
Małgorzata Artymowicz ◽  
Wojciech Wesołowski ◽  
Kamil Buczkowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Formalin Fixed

scholarly journals The 1993 Walter Hubert Lecture: the role of the p53 tumour-suppressor gene in tumorigenesis

1994 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Levine ◽  
ME Perry ◽  
A Chang ◽  
A Silver ◽  
D Dittmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Tumour Suppressor Gene ◽  
Tumour Suppressor ◽  
P53 Tumour Suppressor Gene

Further circumstantial evidence for the involvement of aflatoxin in primary liver cancer?

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 603-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon E Neal
Keyword(s):  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
The United States ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Tumour Suppressor Gene ◽  
P53 Mutations ◽  
Hepatocellular Carcinomas ◽  
P53 Tumour Suppressor Gene ◽  
Aflatoxin B

Fifty-eight percent of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs) from Qidong, China, contain an AGG to AGT mutation at codon 249 of the p53 tumour suppressor gene, a mutation that is rarely seen in HCCs from Western countries. The population of Qidong is exposed to high levels of aflatoxin B1(AFB1), a fungal toxin that has been shown to induce the same mutation in cultured human HCC cells. To investigate the role of AFB1 and of these p53 mutations in hepatocarcinogenesis, normal liver samples from the United States, Thailand and Qidong (where AFB1 exposures are negligible, low and high, respectively) were examined for p53 mutations. The frequency of the AGG to AGT mutation at codon 249 paralleled the level of AFB 1 exposure, which supports the hypothesis that this toxin has a causative-and probably early-role in hepatocarcinogenesis.

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