scholarly journals A Case Report on Scleroderma: A Diagnostic Dilema

2021 ◽  
pp. 251-255
Author(s):  
Ch. K. V. L. S. N. Anjana Male ◽  
Hari Chandana Varikallu ◽  
Tirumalasetty Sai Swapna ◽  
N. Dileep ◽  
S. Hemanth Durga Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Past History ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Localized Scleroderma ◽  
Visceral Organ ◽  
Tight Skin ◽  
Heterogenous Group ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Organ Fibrosis

Scleroderma is a rare heterogenous group of autoimmune fibrosing disorder that mainly exists in two forms; localized scleroderma (LS) and systemic sclerosis (SSc). It involves thickening of the skin at fingers region extending from proximal to metacarpophalangeal joints. The diagnostic criteria of scleroderma include past history of patient, symptoms of patient, serology, and skin biopsy. The morbidity and mortality are much worse for SSc with the patients are at risk for life threatening lung, heart and other visceral organ fibrosis and vasculopathy. There is no drug that can cure or stop scleroderma over fibrosis, but certain drugs regulate the symptoms associated with it and boost the patient's quality of life, particularly steroidal creams that help alleviate swelling, joint pain, loosen tight skin; blood pressure drugs that dilate blood vessels; immunosuppressive agents. If the disease is severe amputation is necessary.

scholarly journals The Position of the UN Conventions to Determine and Guarantee Human Rights

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Bahman Akbari
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Past History ◽  
Main Question ◽  
The Past ◽  
Human Rights Treaties ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Main Representative ◽  
Privity Of Contract

In the present era, providing human rights represents the governance quality of a government and human rights treaties are criteria for its assessment. Also the UN human rights conventions, because of their international nature in the past seven decades, have been the main representative to reflect man's fundamental demands. Now the main question is that to what extent these conventions are remarkable and effective in order to explain and guarantee human rights in the international arena? The author believes that the conventions are the most important international mechanisms to identify human rights which compared to the past history of mankind have offered the most comprehensive international regulations in order to reflect the fundamental human rights. But then, two main factors undermined the effectiveness of the conventions. The first factor is intratextual drawbacks of the conventions which are divided into three drawbacks: reservation, withdrawal and arbitrary essence of accepting the committees’ competence. The second and more important factor is the reasons out of the conventions which are divided into two categories: the doctrine of privity of contract and disobedience by some governments under the ideological or moral reasons. The first factor can be addressed by the secondary amendments. However, the big challenge is the second factor which mechanism to settle it are to inform the international community about the importance of the UN human rights conventions, creating intersubjective understanding and eventually accepting the supremacy of international human rights over internal law.

scholarly journals Case of Mycotic Pseudoaneurysm of the Common Carotid Artery due to Salmonella typhi Bacteremia

2022 ◽  
pp. 263394472110610
Author(s):  
Sruti P. Nair ◽  
Aravind Reghukumar ◽  
Athul Gurudas ◽  
Kiran Kumar V. Sasidharan ◽  
Sreekumar Sivadasan
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Past History ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of

Aneurysm of the extracranial carotid artery is a rare disease, mycotic pseudoaneurysms being even less common. They are a life-threatening complication of systemic infection and atherosclerosis. Immunocompromised people, including patients with HIV, uncontrolled diabetes melltus, those on immunosuppressants like high-dose steroids, and chemotherapy, are at a higher risk for development of mycotic pseudoaneurysms. Due to the high risk of potential complications like rupture and thromboembolic events, mycotic aneurysms always require surgical management. Early detection followed by restoration of blood flow is critical to minimize a fatal outcome. Here we report the case of a 52-year-old man with a past history of hypertension and dyslipidemia who presented with a pulsatile painful neck swelling. On evaluation, the patient was diagnosed to have Salmonella typhi bacteremia, HIV infection, and a mycotic aneurysm of the left common carotid artery.

Effect of substance misuse in early psychosis

1998 ◽  
Vol 172 (S33) ◽  
pp. 134-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Addington ◽  
Donald Addington
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Past History ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
History Of

Background Studies examining the temporal relationship between substance use and the onset of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia are inconclusive.Method Three groups of out-patients with schizophrenia were compared on onset of illness, symptoms and quality of life. Fifty-one subjects had no past or present history of substance misuse, 29 subjects had a history of past substance misuse occurring around the onset of their illness, and 33 subjects were currently misusing substances.Results Current substance misusers had poorer quality of life scores and less negative symptoms than the non-users. Those who had a past history of substance misuse had a significantly earlier age of onset than those with no substance use.Conclusions Attention should be paid to substance misuse present at the first episode. Treatment for schizophrenia should begin even though a diagnosis of drug-induced psychosis cannot be ruled out.

Gauzoma in A Scleroderma Patient Following Open Heart Surgery: A Case Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
Mohammadali Nazarinia ◽  
Elmira Esmaeilzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Past History ◽  
Open Heart Surgery ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Pathology Report ◽  
Open Heart ◽  
Posterior Aspect ◽  
Scleroderma Patient ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Gauzoma is an iatrogenic complication which occurs rarely due to surgical team negligence. Depending on the sterility of the retained tissue, it can lead to life threatening surgical complications or may remain asymptomatic for many years and be detected incidentally in imaging studies. It may be mistaken as tumors or aneurysms. Thus, high clinical suspicion is needed to diagnose them in patients with past history of operation. </P><P> Reporting Case: A 35 years old woman, a known case of scleroderma underwent open-heart surgery 20 years before being diagnosed as scleroderma, presented by dyspnea especially on activity. The High Resolution CT (HRCT) for evaluating the interestial lung disease was done which detected a 7 cm (in greatest diameter) inflammatory mass in posterior aspect of left hemi thorax with a radiopaque thread in its center. True cut biopsy was done and sent for pathology, which revealed fragments of foreign body materials probably gauze pad fibers with cell debris and blood. Conclusion: Here, we highlighted the details in clinical history, CT findings, and pathology report of gauzoma in thorax of a scleroderma patient following previous open-heart surgery. It can be guidance for clinician to consider this diagnosis in patients with past history of operation.

Results of a Patient Survey for Assessment Services in Renal Transplant Patients With a History of Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-368
Author(s):  
Andreas Ihrig ◽  
Imad Maatouk ◽  
Susanne Fink ◽  
Sascha Pahernik ◽  
Caner Süsal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expert Panel ◽  
Patient Survey ◽  
Patient Assessment ◽  
Waiting Period ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interdisciplinary Assessment

Patients with cancer who require a kidney transplant often face a prolonged time on the waiting list to ensure a sufficient relapse-free time. Patients and relatives were invited to the patient assessment service where they get an individualized risk assessment and a recommendation for transplantation and waiting period directly from an expert panel. We investigated in 31 patients who filled out questionnaires concerning depression, anxiety, distress, and quality of life and were interviewed for their satisfaction, experiences, and circumstances of the counseling. In 12 (39%) of the 31 patients, a recommendation for transplantation could be made, although the regular waiting period was not yet achieved. The assessment service was received as very good or good by 22 (79%) of 28 patients. We found no relevant differences in patients with regular and shortened waiting time. An interdisciplinary assessment service is a valuable instrument to help with a decision-making between 2 life-threatening conditions.

scholarly journals QOLP-05. PREDICTING SURVIVAL WITH THE HEIDELBERG PROGNOSTIC MODEL AFTER SALVAGE STEREOTACTIC RADIOSURGERY OF PREVIOUSLY IRRADIATED PROGRESSIVE HIGH-GRADE GLIOMAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi198-vi198
Author(s):  
Federico Ampil ◽  
Troy Richards ◽  
Nestor dela Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Stereotactic Radiosurgery ◽  
Prognostic Model ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Prognostic Scores ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Life Threatening Illness ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Grade Gliomas

Abstract BACKGROUND The concept of repeat radiotherapy for previously irradiated, progressive high-grade gliomas (PHGG) is intuitively rational for a disease that has the potential to be a life-threatening illness and seriously affect the quality of remaining life. Recently, a simplified method of prognosis prediction (the Heidelberg prognostic model/HPM) was developed to evaluate survival after re-irradiation of PHGGs. OBJECTIVE This retrospective study aimed to assess whether salvage stereotactic radiosurgery (SSRS) is worthwhile in patients with PHGGs, and to determine which individuals are likely to benefit from retreatment using the HPM. METHODS Three hundred eighty-three people were diagnosed with intracranial glioma between 2000 and 2010 at our institution. From this population, 25 patients (7%) who had a history of prior irradiation and underwent SSRS for PHGGs formed the subjects of this clinical audit. In the HPM system, scores were assigned for clinicopathological features such as age, histology and interval duration between treatments. There were five and 20 patients with HPM determined low and high prognostic scores, respectively. The mean follow-up period was 9.9 months. RESULTS Overall median survival (MS) was 7 months, and the 6, 12- and 24-months crude survival rates (CSR) were 60%, 28% and 16%, respectively. The MS and CSRs for the low scoring patients were 20 months, 100%, 100% and 20%, respectively; for the 20 high-scoring individuals, the corresponding findings were 8 months, 75%, 35% and 10%, respectively. Among the evaluable 11 people, the quality of life was acceptable in approximately half of the cases. Local recurrence rate after SSRS was 12%. Adverse-related events were not observed. CONCLUSION A trend towards improved survival was observed in the HPM low-scoring patients. More documentation of favorable effects is required to support the useful role of SSRS as second line treatment of PHGGs.

scholarly journals Health-related quality of life after pulmonary tuberculosis in South Korea: analysis from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2010 and 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hyuk Kim ◽  
Hyun Lee ◽  
Youlim Kim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Past History ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Although several studies have reported an association between tuberculosis and health-related quality of life, the change in health-related quality of life after pulmonary tuberculosis has been rarely studied. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of past history of pulmonary tuberculosis on health-related quality of life using a nationwide, cross-sectional, observational study in Korea. Methods Among 72,751 people selected using a stratified multi-stage sampling method, 7260 Korean participants were included using propensity score matching. Past history of pulmonary tuberculosis was defined as a previous diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis excluding patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis. The primary outcome, health-related quality of life, was assessed by EQ-5D disutility. Results Before matching, the mean EQ-5D of individuals with pulmonary tuberculosis history was lower (0.066 vs. 0.056, p: 0.009). However, the difference was nullified after matching (0.066 vs. 0.062, p = 0.354). In multivariable Poisson regression analysis, EQ-5D disutility score was not associated with past pulmonary tuberculosis history. In subgroup analysis, past pulmonary tuberculosis history increased odds of low health-related quality of life in young (odds ratio [OR] 1.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17–2.11, p = 0.003), unmarried (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.05–3.73, p = 0.036), or separated patients (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.02–1.66, p = 0.032). Age and marital status were modulating factors on the effect of past pulmonary tuberculosis history on health-related quality of life. Conclusions There was no difference in health-related quality of life between individuals with and without past pulmonary tuberculosis history. Young and unmarried groups had increased odds for low health-related quality of life after pulmonary tuberculosis due to modulating effects of age and marital status.

Rhabdomyolysis and hepatotoxicity following accidental monensin ingestion: A report of two cases

2020 ◽  
pp. 074823372097412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Zhang ◽  
Shuqing Cui ◽  
Jinying Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Past History ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
Fluid Replacement ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Oral Ingestion ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotic ◽  
Oral Hypoglycemic Drugs

Background: Monensin is a commonly used veterinary antibiotic with a narrow safety range. Overdose of monensin can cause animal poisoning or even death. Monensin poisoning is rare in humans, and there is no effective detoxification protocol in clinical treatment. Objective: We report here two cases of monensin-induced rhabdomyolysis and hepatotoxicity by oral ingestion. The two patients were a couple and both were admitted to the hospital due to oral ingestion of monensin 5 days prior. Patient 1, with a past history of chronic bronchitis and hypertension, presented with severe rhabdomyolysis, hepatotoxicity, and hypoxemia. After treatment with fluid replacement and alkalinization of urine, his condition deteriorated the next day and irreversible cardiopulmonary arrest occurred. Patient 2 was diabetic and using oral hypoglycemic drugs and had obvious rhabdomyolysis from the fifth day of admission. After treatment with fluid replacement, urine alkalization, and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), the patient recovered and was discharged 1 month later. Discussion: The ingestion of monensin can lead to life-threatening toxicity, with rhabdomyolysis and hepatotoxicity as the main manifestations. Comprehensive treatment including CRRT in the early stage of rhabdomyolysis may improve the condition and prognosis.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Mucormycosis: A Case Report of a Rare Infection with Potential Diagnostic Problems

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salwa O. Mekki ◽  
Amal A. Hassan ◽  
Afnan Falemban ◽  
Nashwa Alkotani ◽  
Salem M. Alsharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Past History ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Pulmonary Mucormycosis ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of

Pulmonary mucormycosis is a relatively rare pulmonary fungal disease, which is difficult to diagnose early and lacks effective treatment. It is seen in patients with hematological malignancies, diabetes mellitus, and immunocompromised states. The diagnosis depends primarily on the detection of fungi in lung tissue. Here, we present a case of a 52-year-old male who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a past history of treated pulmonary tuberculosis. Clinical diagnosis is difficult in pulmonary mucormycosis, and early diagnosis is needed for this life-threatening infection. Histopathological examination of a resected cavity confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary mucormycosis. This report highlights the difficulty of diagnosis and the importance of histological examination in detecting mucormycosis which will help for early management.

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