scholarly journals Impact of Earthquakes on the Transportation Infrastructure of Indonesia: A Preliminary Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Amirsardari ◽  
Massoud Sofi ◽  
Elisa Lumantarna ◽  
Iswandi Imran ◽  
Colin Duffield
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Transportation Infrastructure ◽  
Seismic Region ◽  
The Past ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Critical Components ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Economical Losses

Indonesia is a high seismic region and one of the most vulnerable countries prone to experiencing damaging earthquakes. It is critical that lifeline infrastructure remain operational or is quickly remediated after an earthquake to minimise physical, social, and economical losses. Not much work has been carried out in understanding the effect of earthquakes on transportation infrastructure systems. This study aims to gain a better understanding of the impact of earthquakes on the transportation infrastructure in Indonesia. This is achieved by firstly reviewing the frameworks and tools for conducting seismic risk assessment of lifeline infrastructure. The critical components of the transportation system are then identified. Various forms of transportation infrastructure damage caused by earthquakes are discussed. An overview of the damaging earthquakes for the past 20 years is presented. Finally, conclusions and recommendations are provided about the future work required for conducting risk assessment of the transportation infrastructure in Indonesia

scholarly journals Ten years of EMS Fall Calls in a Community: An Opportunity for Injury Prevention Strategies

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 215145931878345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen E. Quatman ◽  
Michael Mondor ◽  
Jodi Halweg ◽  
Julie A. Switzer
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Cost ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dramatic Shift ◽  
Time Fall ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To determine whether fall calls, lift assists, and need for transport to the hospital over the past 10 years in one emergency medical services (EMS) system have altered coincident with demographic changes and to estimate health-care cost for lift assists. Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of EMS fall-related care. The HealthEMS database for a suburban community surveyed was queried from March 1, 2007, to March 1, 2017. Fall-related calls in patients 60 years or older were identified and determined to be either lift assists (calls that do not result in transport) or fall calls that resulted in transport to the hospital. Results: Of the 38 237 EMS care responses in patients 60 years or older, 11.5% were related to falls. Fall calls increased by 268% over the past 10 years ( P = .0006), yet the number of transports to the hospital significantly decreased over time ( P = .02). Lift assists increased significantly ( P = .0003), nearly doubling over the decade. At the same time, fall calls that did not result in transport to the hospital cost the community an estimated US$1.5 million over a 10-year period. Discussion: There has been a dramatic shift in fall-related calls to EMS in older individuals with more frequent calls for lesser acuity needs. Utilization of EMS for lift assists has substantial financial consequences and diverts care from calls that need immediate triage and transport to care. Conclusion: Future work to reduce the frequency and increase the impact of EMS lift assists could have a significant cost benefit and provide opportunity for enrollment in appropriate community services and fall prevention programs.

scholarly journals A Contribution to a UHS-Based Seismic Risk Assessment in Croatia—A Case Study for the City of Osijek

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Pavić ◽  
Marijana Hadzima-Nyarko ◽  
Borko Bulajić
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Vulnerability Of Buildings ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

Due to increases in the number of inhabitants and their concentrations in densely populated areas, there is a growing need in modern society to be cautious towards the impact of catastrophic natural events. An earthquake is a particularly major example of this. Knowledge of the seismic vulnerability of buildings in Europe and around the world has deepened and expanded over the last 20 years, as a result of the many devastating earthquakes. In this study, a review of seismic risk assessment methods in Croatia was presented with respect to the hazard, exposure, and vulnerability of buildings in the fourth largest city (Osijek) in Croatia. The proposed algorithm for a detailed risk assessment was applied to a database and is currently in its initial stage.

Study Concerning the Level of Seismic Risk in Iasi Municipality

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Georgiana Bunea ◽  
Cornel Doniga ◽  
Gabriela Maria Atanasiu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Extreme Events ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Town ◽  
General Perspective

Throughout its history, Iasi municipality has been subjected to many important seismic actions caused by earthquakes produced in Vrancea area, Romania. The impact of these extreme events upon the town increased in time as it developed, more buildings were constructed and the population density rose. The classes of buildings identified in Iasi municipality have been designed on different seismic standards, some of them being erected without taking into account the effect of seismic actions. The differences between the seismic norms’ regulations and the important earthquake’s history some of the buildings have, are outlining the need of seismic risk assessment in Iasi municipality. This paper aims to present some of the results of the seismic risk study in Iasi municipality, which was based on the completed seismic risk surveys and on the regulations of seismic standards. In this study, only the dwelling structures built before 1990 were considered, and the results were distributed on neighborhoods, for obtaining a general perspective on the seismic risk state of each area, by considering the buildings’ seismic vulnerability.

scholarly journals Ground-based astrometry calibrated by Gaia DR1: new perspectives in asteroid orbit determination

2017 ◽  
Vol 607 ◽  
pp. A21 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Spoto ◽  
P. Tanga ◽  
S. Bouquillon ◽  
J. Desmars ◽  
D. Hestroffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Orbit Determination ◽  
The Past ◽  
Data Release ◽  
Impact Risk ◽  
Near Earth Asteroids ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Asteroid Orbit ◽  
Short Arc

Context. The Gaia Data Release 1 (GDR1) is a first, important step on the path of evolution of astrometric accuracy towards a much improved situation. Although asteroids are not present in GDR1, this intermediate release already impacts asteroid astrometry. Aims. Our goal is to investigate how the GDR1 can change the approach to a few typical problems, including the determination of orbits from short-arc astrometry, the exploitation of stellar occultations, and the impact risk assessment. Methods. We employ optimised asteroid orbit determination tools, and study the resulting orbit accuracy and post-fit residuals. For this goal, we use selected ground-based asteroid astrometry, and occultation events observed in the past. All measurements are calibrated by using GDR1 stars. Results. We show that, by adopting GDR1, very short measurement arcs can already provide interesting orbital solutions, capable of correctly identifying near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) and providing a much more accurate risk rating. We also demonstrate that occultations, previously used to derive asteroid size and shapes, now reach a new level of accuracy at which they can be fruitfully used to obtain astrometry at the level of accuracy of Gaia star positions.

Uncertainty and Correlation in Seismic Vulnerability Functions of Building Classes

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1515-1539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor Silva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Loss Ratio ◽  
Deterministic Approach ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Ground Shaking ◽  
Statistical Framework ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vulnerability Functions

The majority of the existing seismic risk studies use a deterministic approach to define vulnerability functions, despite the well-recognized large variability in the probability of loss ratio conditional on ground-shaking intensities. This study explored a statistical framework to simulate this variability, considering the existing correlation between assets separated by a given distance. The impact that these vulnerability modeling approaches may have in probabilistic seismic risk assessment is evaluated considering three fictitious building portfolios with distinct characteristics. To this end, loss exceedance curves and average annualized losses are compared, and recommendations are drawn regarding the optimal vulnerability modeling approach.

scholarly journals The impact of non-target events in synthetic soundscapes for sound event detection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Ronchini ◽  
Romain Serizel ◽  
Nicolas Turpault ◽  
Samuele Cornell
Keyword(s):  
Event Detection ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Acoustic Similarity ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
System P ◽  
Sound Event ◽  
Sound Event Detection ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact

Detection and Classification Acoustic Scene and Events Challenge 2021 Task 4 uses a heterogeneous dataset that includes both recorded and synthetic soundscapes. Until recently only target sound events were considered when synthesizing the soundscapes. However, recorded soundscapes often contain a substantial amount of non-target events that may affect the performance. In this paper, we focus on the impact of these non-target events in the synthetic soundscapes. Firstly, we investigate to what extent using non-target events alternatively during the training or validation phase (or none of them) helps the system to correctly detect target events. Secondly, we analyze to what extend adjusting the signal-to-noise ratio between target and non-target events at training improves the sound event detection performance. The results show that using both target and non-target events for only one of the phases (validation or training) helps the system to properly detect sound events, outperforming the baseline (which uses non-target events in both phases).The paper also reports the results of a preliminary study on evaluating the system on clips that contain only non-target events. This opens questions for future work on non-target subset and acoustic similarity between target and non-target events which might confuse the system.

Relationship between corporate governance and firm performance: Metadata analysis for M&A participating firms

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Sarika Kumar ◽  
Sheeba Kapil
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Past ◽  
Metadata Analysis ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This paper is an attempt to overview the academic literature on the mergers and acquisitions (M&A) market and further focuses on the relationship between corporate governance (CG) and firm performance in M&A participating firms by systematizing the existing knowledge and further deriving specific implications for the future work scope. M&A market experiences trillions of USD dollar deals on yearly basis. Therefore, M&A becomes the highly studied area by the researchers for analysis of different combinations between CG, firm performance, takeovers, mergers, acquisitions, etc. In this paper, the research has been carried out as a structural assessment of the past fourteen years of research on different CG variables and firm performance. Further, it has been observed that the majority of research has been conducted to identify the impact of specific bid characteristics of CG on firm performance however; there is a dearth of study to analyze the relation between CG and firm performance for the firms actively participating in M&A market as an acquirer or as a target. In lieu of this, the paper has extracted the prospective area of the study and provided a path towards future research. This review will be useful for academicians and researchers working in the area of CG and M&A, and firm performance

scholarly journals SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT OF ALGERIAN BUILDINGS IN URBAN AREA

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Zohra Baba Hamed ◽  
Driss Djaouad Rahal ◽  
Farid Rahal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Seismic Risk Assessment ◽  
Remedial Actions ◽  
Recent Earthquakes ◽  
The Impact

The recent earthquakes in Algeria have caused significant human and economic losses. The frequent occurrence of damaging earthquakes clearly demonstrates the urgent need of study on seismic risk assessment methods of buildings to effectively reduce the impact of earthquake in Algerian cities. This article contributes to the development and the application of a seismic risk method, appropriate to Algerian building specificities. This method considers five damage levels, defined accordingly to macroseismic intensity and the seismic quality of the building by means of a vulnerability index. The present paper summarises the development of a tool to integrate seismic hazard and structural information and support the decision making process in identification of seismic risk. This tool could be used in the inspection of buildings and the optimal prioritisation of strengthening and preventives remedial actions that are necessary prior to a major earthquake event.

Legal History As Economic History

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Fleming
Keyword(s):  
Economic History ◽  
Legal History ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Political Economy ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Over the past century, legal history and economic history developed as separate fields of scholarship. Their separation reflects an understanding of law and economy as distinct objects that may be pulled apart and each analysed apart from the other. Yet, even assuming that law and economy are separable, it is undeniable that they interact. This chapter first maps the state of the field over the past several decades, identifying two major questions that have guided much of the scholarship on the border between legal and economic history. It then describes two of the theoretical frameworks available to legal historians for conceptualizing the relationship between law and economy. Finally, it argues that future work on the history of political economy should put aside measuring the impact of law on economy (and vice versa) and instead explore how the boundary between law and economy has been constructed and maintained over time.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document