scholarly journals FIELD MEASUREMENTS OF VERY OBLIQUE WAVE RUN-UP AND OVERTOPPING WITH LASER SCANNERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Patrick Oosterlo ◽  
Bas Hofland ◽  
Jentsje W. van der Meer ◽  
Maarten Overduin ◽  
Gosse Jan Steendam
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Severe Winter ◽  
Winter Storm ◽  
Winter Storms ◽  
Oblique Wave ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Innovative System ◽  
Run Up

Oosterlo et al. (2019) developed a system using two terrestrial laser scanners, which can measure run-up heights, depths and velocities of waves on a dike in field situations. The system has now been placed next to two overtopping tanks on a dike in the Eems-Dollard estuary in the Netherlands to measure during actual severe winter storms. The goal of the present paper is to further validate this innovative system with data obtained during storm Ciara (10 - 12 February 2020), a severe winter storm with very oblique wave attack. Furthermore, the data gathered during storm Ciara will be compared to the current knowledge on wave overtopping, to possibly gain new insights in the influence of very oblique wave attack on wave overtopping.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/TwSwJuxb-Yo

scholarly journals Calibration and preparation of field measurements of oblique wave run-up and overtopping on dikes using laser scanners

2021 ◽  
pp. 103915
Author(s):  
Patrick Oosterlo ◽  
Bas Hofland ◽  
Jentsje W. van der Meer ◽  
Maarten Overduin ◽  
Gosse Jan Steendam
Keyword(s):  
Field Measurements ◽  
Oblique Wave ◽  
Laser Scanners ◽  
Run Up

scholarly journals Severe winter storms in Missouri from 1960-2010

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Katie Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Winter Season ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Positive Phase ◽  
Negative Phase ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Severe Winter ◽  
Heavy Snowfall ◽  
Winter Storm ◽  
Automobile Accidents ◽  
Winter Storms

Severe winter storms have cost the state of Missouri significant economic loss from property damage, crop destruction, and loss of livestock. Even worse than the economic loss from these storms are the injuries and deaths to humans that they sometimes cause. A severe winter storm is a storm with six inches or greater snowfall in 48 hours and/or an ice storm with [1/4] inch or greater ice accumulation from the storm. A severe winter storms climatology for Missouri from 1960-2010 was created to better understand the development, frequency, and intensity of severe winter storms in Missouri. From the climatology, it was found that heavy snowfall events were by far the most common severe winter storm type in Missouri with 318 heavy snowfall events. Heavy ice events were the second most common with 66 events. Texas/West Gulf originating mid-latitude cyclones was responsible for the majority of severe winter storms in Missouri followed by Colorado originating mid-latitude cyclones. When looking at El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) variability with heavy snowfall events, there is only a slight variation between the number of heavy snowfall events and the phase of the ENSO cycle they occur in. When all of the heavy snowfall events were averaged together there was only a slight difference in the average number of events per winter season during the negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) (6.2) and the number of events per winter season during the positive phase of the PDO (6.5). When all heavy snowfall events were averaged together there is a 1.4 difference in the average number of events per year during the negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) (4.6) and the positive phase of the NAO (6). Shelter Mutual Insurance Company provided insurance data from 2000-2010 for 56 severe winter storms in Missouri. Claim payouts for these storms totaled $28,543,020.65. Data from the Missouri Department of Transportation (MoDOT) for automobile accidents on Missouri interstates from 2000-2010 showed that there was the most snowfall related automobile accidents when snowfall was between 0-2.9 inches. The number of automobile accidents decreased with increasing snowfall amounts.

scholarly journals Health and sustainability of glaciers in High Mountain Asia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan Miles ◽  
Michael McCarthy ◽  
Amaury Dehecq ◽  
Marin Kneib ◽  
Stefan Fugger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Specific Mass ◽  
Ice Flow ◽  
Ice Volume ◽  
Mass Redistribution ◽  
Glacier Ablation

AbstractGlaciers in High Mountain Asia generate meltwater that supports the water needs of 250 million people, but current knowledge of annual accumulation and ablation is limited to sparse field measurements biased in location and glacier size. Here, we present altitudinally-resolved specific mass balances (surface, internal, and basal combined) for 5527 glaciers in High Mountain Asia for 2000–2016, derived by correcting observed glacier thinning patterns for mass redistribution due to ice flow. We find that 41% of glaciers accumulated mass over less than 20% of their area, and only 60% ± 10% of regional annual ablation was compensated by accumulation. Even without 21st century warming, 21% ± 1% of ice volume will be lost by 2100 due to current climatic-geometric imbalance, representing a reduction in glacier ablation into rivers of 28% ± 1%. The ablation of glaciers in the Himalayas and Tien Shan was mostly unsustainable and ice volume in these regions will reduce by at least 30% by 2100. The most important and vulnerable glacier-fed river basins (Amu Darya, Indus, Syr Darya, Tarim Interior) were supplied with >50% sustainable glacier ablation but will see long-term reductions in ice mass and glacier meltwater supply regardless of the Karakoram Anomaly.

Wave Run-Up at Sea Dikes under Oblique Wave Approach

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Tautenhain ◽  
S. Kohlhase ◽  
H. W. Partenscky
Keyword(s):  
Oblique Wave ◽  
Wave Approach ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Sea Dikes

scholarly journals Combining probability distributions of sea level variations and wave run-up to evaluate coastal flooding risks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulpu Leijala ◽  
Jan-Victor Björkqvist ◽  
Milla M. Johansson ◽  
Havu Pellikka ◽  
Lauri Laakso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Mean Sea Level ◽  
Safety Margins ◽  
Acceptable Risks ◽  
Flooding Hazards ◽  
Sea Level Variations ◽  
Run Up

Abstract. Tools for estimating probabilities of flooding hazards caused by the simultaneous effect of sea level and waves are needed for the secure planning of densely populated coastal areas that are strongly vulnerable to climate change. In this paper we present a method for combining location-specific probability distributions of three different components: (1) long-term mean sea level change, (2) short-term sea level variations, and (3) wind-generated waves. We apply the method in two locations in the Helsinki Archipelago to obtain run-up level estimates representing the joint effect of the still water level and the wave run-up. These estimates for the present, 2050 and 2100 are based on field measurements and mean sea level scenarios. In the case of our study locations, the significant locational variability of the wave conditions leads to a difference in the safe building levels of up to one meter. The rising mean sea level in the Gulf of Finland and the uncertainty related to the associated scenarios contribute significantly to the run-up levels for the year 2100. We also present a sensitivity test of the method and discuss its applicability to other coastal regions. Our approach allows for the determining of different building levels based on the acceptable risks for various infrastructure, thus reducing building costs while maintaining necessary safety margins.

scholarly journals FIELD MEASUREMENTS AND MODELLING OF NEARSHORE CURRENTS AT A HIGH-ENERGY GEOLOGICALLY-CONSTRAINED BEACH

2020 ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Arthur Mouragues ◽  
Philippe Bonneton ◽  
Bruno Castelle ◽  
Vincent Marieu
Keyword(s):  
Surf Zone ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Oblique Wave ◽  
Wave Forcing ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
Nearshore Currents ◽  
Set Up

We present field measurements of nearshore currents at a high-energy mesotidal beach with the presence of a 500-m headland and a submerged reef. Small changes in wave forcing and tide elevation were found to largely impact circulation patterns. In particular, under 4-m oblique wave conditions, our measurements indicate the presence of an intense low-frequency fluctuating deflection rip flowing against the headland and extending well beyond the surf zone. An XBeach model is further set up to hindcast such flow patterns.Recorded Presentation from the vICCE (YouTube Link): https://youtu.be/EiqnjBIkWJE

scholarly journals WAVE RUN-UP AT SEA DIKES UNDER OBLIQUE WAVE APPROACH

1982 ◽  
Vol 1 (18) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
E. Tautenhain ◽  
S. Kohlhase ◽  
H.W. Partenscky
Keyword(s):  
Irregular Waves ◽  
Wave Direction ◽  
Wave Runup ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Wave Impact ◽  
Oblique Wave ◽  
Wave Flume ◽  
Wave Approach ◽  
Impact Forces ◽  
Run Up

Besides wave impact forces, erosion of the inner side of a sea dike is a serious cause of destruction. Therefore, wave run-up and overtopping effects have to be considered with respect to the safety of a dike. Strong relations were found between both these influences (TAUTENHAIN et.al., 1980, 1981, 1982), based on experiments in a wave flume and using an energy conservation concept. However, under natural conditions, an oblique wave approach has to be considered. This paper deals with the influence of wave direction on wave runup on a smooth dike slope in order to provide a basis for calculating the overtopping rates for both regular and irregular waves.

scholarly journals Special Issue Editorial: Nanoparticles in the Atmosphere

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Jorma Joutsensaari
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Modelling Studies ◽  
Insight Into

The aim of this Special Issue was to gain insight into the current knowledge on nanoparticles in the atmosphere, from laboratory and field measurements to theoretical and modelling studies of nanoparticles from various atmospheric environments [...]

scholarly journals Determinants of (non-)attendance at the Dutch cancer screening programmes: A systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 121-129
Author(s):  
Thomas HG Bongaerts ◽  
Frederike L Büchner ◽  
Barend JC Middelkoop ◽  
Onno R Guicherit ◽  
Mattijs E Numans
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Change Model ◽  
Screening Attendance

Objective The Netherlands host three population-based cancer screening programmes: for cervical, breast, and colorectal cancer. For screening programmes to be effective, high participation rates are essential, but participation in the Netherlands’ programmes is starting to fall below the minimal effective rate. We aimed to produce a systematic overview of the current known determinants of (non-)attendance at the Dutch cancer screening programmes. Methods A literature search was conducted in the electronic databases Academic Search Premier, Cochrane Library, Embase, EMCare, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and also in grey literature, including all articles published before February 2018. The I-Change model was used to categorize the identified determinants of cancer screening attendance. Results In total, 19/1232 identified studies and 6 grey literature reports were included. Fifteen studies reported on predisposing factors. Characteristics such as social economic status, country of birth, and residency were most often reported, and correlate with cancer screening attendance. Thirteen studies addressed information factors. Factors on awareness, motivation, ability, and barriers were less often studied. Conclusion Current studies tend to describe the general characteristics of (non-)attendance and (non-)attenders, but rarely provide in depth information on other factors of (non-)participation. The I-Change model proved to be a useful tool in mapping current knowledge on cancer screening attendance and revealed knowledge gaps regarding determinants of (non-)participation in the screening programmes. More research is needed to fully understand determinants of participation, in order to influence and optimize attendance rates over the long term.

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