wave impact
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2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Eva Lopez-Fornieles ◽  
Guilhem Brunel ◽  
Florian Rancon ◽  
Belal Gaci ◽  
Maxime Metz ◽  
...  

Recent literature reflects the substantial progress in combining spatial, temporal and spectral capacities for remote sensing applications. As a result, new issues are arising, such as the need for methodologies that can process simultaneously the different dimensions of satellite information. This paper presents PLS regression extended to three-way data in order to integrate multiwavelengths as variables measured at several dates (time-series) and locations with Sentinel-2 at a regional scale. Considering that the multi-collinearity problem is present in remote sensing time-series to estimate one response variable and that the dataset is multidimensional, a multiway partial least squares (N-PLS) regression approach may be relevant to relate image information to ground variables of interest. N-PLS is an extension of the ordinary PLS regression algorithm where the bilinear model of predictors is replaced by a multilinear model. This paper presents a case study within the context of agriculture, conducted on a time-series of Sentinel-2 images covering regional scale scenes of southern France impacted by the heat wave episode that occurred on 28 June 2019. The model has been developed based on available heat wave impact data for 107 vineyard blocks in the Languedoc-Roussillon region and multispectral time-series predictor data for the period May to August 2019. The results validated the effectiveness of the proposed N-PLS method in estimating yield loss from spectral and temporal attributes. The performance of the model was evaluated by the R2 obtained on the prediction set (0.661), and the root mean square of error (RMSE), which was 10.7%. Limitations of the approach when dealing with time-series of large-scale images which represent a source of challenges are discussed; however, the N–PLS regression seems to be a suitable choice for analysing complex multispectral imagery data with different spectral domains and with a clear temporal evolution, such as an extreme weather event.


2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
B. P. Andreev ◽  
Yu. N. Zakrevsky ◽  
E. S. Martynova ◽  
Zh. V. Plakhotskaya

Purpose of the Study is to assess the potential hazard in terms of the content of high-density metals (HDMs) and arsenic (As) for the consumption of objects of the Arctic algal flora presented in storm emissions in places of probable disembarkation of a crew, the ship has come in a distress or a disaster in the water area of the northern seas of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. The elemental composition of samples of the plants thrown by the wind-wave impact on the coastal area of the Severny island of the Novaya Zemlya archipelago. Before making the analysis, thallus fragments were dried at 80° C to constant weight to determine their dry weight with an accuracy of 1 mg. The material mineralization was carried out using a microwave mineralizer according to the standard technique. The elementary analysis was performed using MGA-915M atomic spectrometer. The data obtained were compared with the maximum permissible levels established by the current regulatory documents. According to the results of measurements, series of decreasing concentrations of HDMs in algae samples were built according to the places of collection and species.Results and Discussion. It has been found that the lowest content of HDMs and arsenic in the wind-wave emissions of algae on the Severny Island in the Russkaya Gavan Bay of the Novaya Zemlya archipelago belongs to both Laminaria digitata and vegetative parts of the thallus of most of the other ejected algae. These plants can be used for food in extreme situations by the crews of a ship (an aircraft, etc.) who has come in a distress or a disaster.


2022 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 110451
Author(s):  
Jinhuan Sun ◽  
Chengchun Zhang ◽  
Xiaowei Sun ◽  
Tianyu Du ◽  
Chun Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2022 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 110384
Author(s):  
Kezhao Fang ◽  
Li Xiao ◽  
Zhongbo Liu ◽  
Jiawen Sun ◽  
Ping Dong ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Yin Gu ◽  
Anhua Yu ◽  
Xiaolong Zhang

Offshore bridges may suffer from chloride ion corrosion, tsunami wave impact, and earthquake. However, the coupling effects of multiple factors have not been fully considered. This paper studied multiple degradation effects on the seismic performance of offshore piers considering tsunami wave impact, chloride ion corrosion, and their interaction. Firstly, through the scale model test of tsunami wave flume, the wave force of box girder structures and piers under different tsunami wave conditions is measured. Then, according to the corrosion characteristics of coastal chloride salts on reinforced concrete bridge piers, the corrosion parameters is selected by Latin hypercube sampling, and the influence of corrosion expansion and cracking of bridge pier cover on the chloride ion corrosion process is considered to modify the degradation model of corroded reinforced concrete materials. Finally, the wave load measured by the test is converted by the similarity criterion of the fluid mechanic test and loaded into the ABAQUS full-bridge model, and the pier after the tsunami wave is evaluated by the pushover analysis. The bearing capacity and lateral stiffness of the corroded pier before and after different tsunami waves are compared. The results show that the lateral bearing capacity and stiffness of bridge piers are, respectively, decreased by 27.6% and 6.2% after 30 years of service. Without corrosion, the lateral bearing capacity and stiffness of piers were, respectively, reduced by 11.45% and 10.6% after HXB-5 wave impact. After 30 years of service, the lateral bearing capacity and stiffness of bridge piers are, respectively, reduced by 41.8% and 22.5% under the combined action of corrosion and HXB-5 wave impact. It is found that the coupling effects of multiple degradation factors were more significant than the simple superposition ones. Therefore, the coupling effect of multiple factors should be considered in practical engineering.


Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 7844
Author(s):  
Genwei Wang ◽  
Shu Zhang ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Juanjuan Wu ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
...  

To explore the failure modes of high-Ni batteries under different axial loads, quasi-static compression and dynamic impact tests were carried out. The characteristics of voltage, load, and temperature of a battery cell with different states of charge (SOCs) were investigated in quasi-static tests. The mechanical response and safety performance of lithium-ion batteries subjected to axial shock wave impact load were also investigated by using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system. Different failure modes of the battery were identified. Under quasi-static axial compression, the intensity of thermal runaway becomes more severe with the increase in SOC and loading speed, and the time for lithium-ion batteries to reach complete failure decreases with the increase in SOC. In comparison, under dynamic SHPB experiments, an internal short circuit occurred after impact, but no violent thermal runaway was observed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1440
Author(s):  
Miguel Uh Zapata ◽  
Damien Pham Van Bang ◽  
Kim Dan Nguyen

The numerical modeling of sediment transport under wave impact is challenging because of the complex nature of the triple wave–structure–sediment interaction. This study presents three-dimensional numerical modeling of sediment scouring due to non-breaking wave impact on a vertical seawall. The Navier–Stokes–Exner equations are approximated to calculate the full evolution of flow fields and morphodynamic responses. The bed erosion model is based on the van Rijn formulation with a mass-conservative sand-slide algorithm. The numerical solution is obtained by using a projection method and a fully implicit second-order unstructured finite-volume method in a σ-coordinate computational domain. This coordinate system is employed to accurately represent the free-surface elevation and sediment/water interface evolution. Experimental results of the velocity field, surface wave motion, and scour hole formation hole are used to compare and demonstrate the proposed numerical method’s capabilities to model the seawall scour.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1355
Author(s):  
Enjin Zhao ◽  
Lin Mu ◽  
Zhaoyang Hu ◽  
Xinqiang Wang ◽  
Junkai Sun ◽  
...  

Revetment elements and protective facilities on a breakwater can effectively weaken the impact of waves. In order to resist storm surges, there is a plan to build a breakwater on the northern shore of Meizhou Bay in Putian City, China. To better design it, considering different environmental conditions, physical and numerical experiments were carried out to accurately study the effects of the breakwater and its auxiliary structures on wave propagation. In the experiments, the influence of the wave type, initial water depth, and the structure of the fence plate are considered. The wave run-up and dissipation, the wave overtopping volume, and the structure stability are analyzed. The results indicate that the breakwater can effectively resist the wave impact, reduce the wave run-up and overtopping, and protect the rear buildings. In addition, under the same still water depth and significant wave height, the amount of overtopped water under regular waves is larger than that under irregular waves. With the increase of the still water depth and significant wave height, the overtopped water increases, which means that when the storm surge occurs, damage on the breakwater under the high tide level is greater than that under the low tide level. Besides, the fence plate can effectively dissipate energy and reduce the overtopping volume by generating eddy current in the cavity. Considering the stability and the energy dissipation capacity of the fence plate, it is suggested that a gap ratio of 50% is reasonable.


2021 ◽  
Vol 945 (1) ◽  
pp. 012072
Author(s):  
Chee Sean Tan ◽  
Lai Wai Tan ◽  
Chee Wayne Tan

Abstract Conventional approach of energy derivation is causing anthropogenic pollution and climate change. Various sustainable alternatives of renewable energy particularly solar energy have been developed and implemented as a part of the global effort to gradually decommission usage of fossil fuel and in turn, reduce carbon footprint to overcome adverse environmental impacts. Nevertheless, it was reported that in 2019, only 0.85% of total energy used globally is powered by solar energy. Photovoltaic by itself is not feasible enough due to magnified requirement of land for its installation. Therefore, one of the solutions is floating photovoltaic. However, floating photovoltaic is also restraint by the impact of tidal wave. Characterisation of relationship between stability of large floating structures corresponding to volumetric displacement of the buoyancy control device is the focal point of this paper. Significance of tidal wave impact is empirically assessed based on a scaled-down model of buoyancy control device integrated large floating structure by manipulating the buoyancy of buoyancy control device assisted structure to structure without buoyancy control device under a controlled environment. Fluctuation of the buoyancy control device can be reduced by up to 99.65% when tested against highest configuration of wave transducer by displacing only 50% of air with water. Meanwhile, neutral buoyancy is achieved up to almost 100% when the buoyancy control device is completely filled with water and total submergence has been achieved.


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