A preliminary study of multi-mycotoxins contamination in some selected South Africa medicinal plants

2020 ◽  
pp. 426
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Mary Areo ◽  
Judith Zanle Phoku ◽  
Sefater Gbashi ◽  
Patrick Berka Njobeh
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
South African ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Control Programmes ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

The use of medicinal plants in folklore remedies and as sources of raw materials for pharmaceutical industries is extensively increasing. The problem surrounding the use of such plants rests with the manner in which such plants like other agricultural commodities are contaminated with fungi, some of which are toxigenic, with possible production of mycotoxins in such plants. This study was aimed at investigating the degree of mycotoxin contamination of 36 South African medicinal plants. A multi-mycotoxin extraction method was followed and mycotoxins so extracted were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). High performance liquid chromatographic data revealed the presence of aflatoxins (AFs), ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEA) 0.03 to 31.46 µg/kg, 0.2 to 10.09 µg/kg and 0.1 to 23.35 µg/kg, respectively. Most of the plants were found to be contaminated with one or two mycotoxins tested for. The use of such contaminated medicinal plants may lead to high risk of mycotoxins consumption which might result to adverse human health problems and therefore represents a special hazard. In view of this, it is crucial to establish and implement fungal and mycotoxin control programmes so as to limit quality loss and exposure of consumers of these products to these hazardous substances that could be accompanied by ill-health.

scholarly journals High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Fingerprint for Quality Control of Terminalia arjuna Containing Ayurvedic churna Formulation

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 1016-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohan S Chitlange ◽  
Prajakta S Kulkarni ◽  
Dada Patil ◽  
Bhushan Patwardhan ◽  
Rabindra K Nanda
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Terminalia Arjuna ◽  
Hplc Fingerprint ◽  
Ayurvedic Drugs ◽  
Quality Control Tool ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract Because Ayurvedic herbal preparations contain a myriad of compounds in complex matrixes, it is difficult to establish quality control standards for raw materials and to standardize finished Ayurvedic drugs. A novel, accurate, and valid fingerprint method was developed using HPLC for quality control of a traditional Ayurvedic Arjuna churna formulation, which is used as a cardiotonic drug. Comprehensive comparison of chromatograms of standardized formulation of Arjuna churna and marketed formulations revealed eight characteristic peaks in chromatograms, which unambiguously confirmed the presence of authentic raw material used in the formulation on the basis of their retention time values and UV data. An HPLC fingerprint was also developed for total sapogenins present in Terminalia arjuna. The six common peaks observed in chromatograms of isolated sapogenins, standardized formulations, and marketed formulations can serve as a quality control tool for qualitative estimation of total saponin glycosides present in an Arjuna churna formulation.

scholarly journals Column High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Determination of Norfloxacin and Its Main Impurities in Pharmaceuticals

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branislava Mielji ◽  
Gordana Popovi ◽  
Danica Agbaba ◽  
Slavko Markovi ◽  
Breda Simonovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Chromatographic Separations ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract A gradient reversed-phase column high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the detection and quantification of norfloxacin and its major impurities in norfloxacin-containing pharmaceuticals. Chromatographic separations were performed under the following experimental conditions: column, Zorbax SB RP-18 (5 m, 250 4.6 mm); injection volume, 20 L; mobile phase, 0.05 M NaH2PO4 (pH 2.5)acetonitrile (87 + 13) for 16 min and (58 + 42) for 9 min (stepwise gradient); and flow rate, 1.3 mL/min. All analyses were performed at 25C, and the eluate was monitored at 275 nm using a diode array detector. Linearity (correlation coefficient = 0.999), recovery (99.3101.8), relative standard deviation (0.20.7), and quantitation limit (0.120.47 g/mL) were evaluated and found to be satisfactory. The method is simple, rapid, and convenient for purity control of norfloxacin in both raw materials and dosage forms.

scholarly journals UV Spectrophotometry and Nonaqueous Determination of Terbinafine Hydrochloride in Dosage Forms

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 830-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Gonçalves Cardoso ◽  
Elfrides E S Schapoval
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Volumetric Method ◽  
Uv Spectrophotometry ◽  
Terbinafine Hydrochloride ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Method ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract An ultraviolet spectrophotometric and a nonaqueous volumetric method for determining terbinafine hydrochloride (TH) in pharmaceutical formulations are presented. The UV spectrophotometric procedure was developed for assay of TH in raw materials, tablets, and creams. The method was tested for linearity (0.8–2.8 μg/mL, r = 0.9997), recovery (102.00% for creams and 99.90% for tablets) and precision (101.3%, CV = 0.96%, n = 9, for creams; 100.25%, CV = 1.08%, n = 9, for tablets). The volumetric method involves titration of TH with 0.05M perchloric acid with crystal violet as indicator. This method was used for quantitative determination of TH in raw materials and tablets. Mean recovery and precision were, respectively, 100.41 and 101.18% (CV = 1.64%, n = 9) for TH in tablets. There were no significant differences between the proposed methods and a previously described high-performance liquid chromatographic method. The UV spectrophotometric and titrimetric methods are potentially useful for a routine laboratory because of their simplicity, rapidity, and accuracy.

scholarly journals A UHPLC-UV Method Development and Validation for Determining Kavalactones and Flavokavains in Piper methysticum (Kava)

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yijin Tang ◽  
Christine Fields
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Piper Methysticum ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Linear Covering ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatographic (UHPLC) separation was developed for six kava pyrones (methysticin, dihydromethysticin (DHM), kavain, dihydrokavain (DHK), desmethoxyyangonin (DMY), and yangonin), two unidentified components, and three Flavokavains (Flavokavain A, B, and C) in Piper methysticum (kava). The six major kavalactones and three flavokavains are completely separated (Rs > 1.5) within 15 min using a HSS T3 column and a mobile phase at 60 °C. All the peaks in the LC chromatogram of kava extract or standard solutions were structurally confirmed by LC-UV-MS/MS. The degradations of yangonin and flavokavains were observed among the method development. The degradation products were identified as cis-isomerization by MS/MS spectra. The isomerization was prevented or limited by sample preparation in a non-alcoholic solvent or with no water. The method uses the six kava pyrones and three flavokavains as external standards. The quantitative calibration curves are linear, covering a range of 0.5–75 μg/mL for the six kava pyrones and 0.05–7.5 μg/mL for the three flavokavains. The quantitation limits for methysticin, DHM, kavain, DHK, DMY, and yangonin are approximately 0.454, 0.480, 0.277, 0.686, 0.189, and 0.422 μg/mL. The limit of quantification (LOQs) of the three flavokavains are about 0.270, 0.062, and 0.303 μg/mL for flavokavain C (FKC), flavokavain A (FKA), and flavokavain B (FKB). The average recoveries at three different levels are 99.0–102.3% for kavalactones (KLs) and 98.1–102.9% for flavokavains (FKs). This study demonstrates that the method of analysis offers convenience and adequate sensitivity for determining methysticin, DHM, kavain, DHK, yangonin, DMY, FKA, FKB, and FKC in kava raw materials (root and CO2 extract) and finished products (dry-filled capsule and tablet).

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