Analysis of Maximum Transverse Diameter of Lumbar Enlargement of Spinal Cord with the Gestational Age in Indian Human Foetuses

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 66-68
Author(s):  
Maheshwari T P Maheshwari T P
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Human Foetuses

Reference Values for Transverse Cerebellar Diameter Throughout Gestation

2002 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halit Pinar ◽  
Sarah H. Burke ◽  
Carol W. Huang ◽  
Don B. Singer ◽  
C. James Sung
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Growth Curve ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Reliable Indicator ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Reliable Parameter ◽  
Gestational Week ◽  
Duration Of Gestation

The transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) is well established in the ultrasound literature as a reliable parameter for estimating the duration of gestation. In cases of growth restriction the cerebellum is usually spared, making TCD a reliable indicator of gestational age even when other parameters fall off the appropriate growth curve. The purpose of this study is to establish normal values for the transverse diameter of the cerebellum in pathology specimens, and to determine if these values correlate with those obtained by ultrasound. We examined 96 specimens ranging from 14 to 42 weeks gestational age and found that our values correlate well with those published in the ultrasound literature. Mean TCD with 2 standard deviations for each gestational week were determined as reference values.

scholarly journals The Quantitative Assessment of Imaging Features for the Study of Hirayama Disease Progression

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghao Shao ◽  
Jun Yin ◽  
Feizhou Lu ◽  
Chaojun Zheng ◽  
Hongli Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Hirayama Disease ◽  
Cervical Spinal Canal ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Objective.To evaluate the forward shifting of cervical spinal cords in different segments of patients with Hirayama disease to determine whether the disease is self-limiting.Methods.This study was performed on 11 healthy subjects and 64 patients. According to the duration, the patients were divided into 5 groups (≤1 year, 1-2 years, 2-3 years, 3-4 years, and ≥4 years). Cervical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of flexion and conventional position was performed. The distances between the posterior edge of the spinal cord and the cervical spinal canal (X), the anterior and posterior wall of the cervical spinal canal (Y), and the anterior-posterior (A) and the transverse diameter (B) of spinal cord cross sections were measured at different cervical spinal segments (C4 to T1).Results.In cervical flexion position, a significant increase inX/Yof C4-5 segments was found in groups 2–5, the C5-6 and C6-7 segments in groups 1–5, and the C7-T1 segments in group 5 (P<0.05). The degree of the increasedX/Yand cervical flexionX/Yof C5-6 segments were different among the 5 groups (P<0.05), which was likely due to rapid increases inX/Yduring the course of Hirayama’s disease.Conclusion.TheX/Ychange progression indicates that Hirayama disease may not be self-limiting.

scholarly journals The relationship between the thyroid gland and body at different gestational age of developing human foetuses

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
Rajeev Mukhia ◽  
Bhawani Prasad Powar
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Left Lobe ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Gland Weight ◽  
Morphometric Features ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Foetuses

Background: Thyroid gland is one of the organs of interest for researchers since a long time. Though, detailed study about adult thyroid gland is there in the literature but thyroid gland at different stages in the foetal period is far less available.Aims and Objective: To find out the morphological and morphometric features on the development of foetal thyroid gland in relation with different gestational weeks.Materials and Methods: The study was carried in the Department of Anatomy, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal, on 40 human foetuses of known gestational age. The midline dissection of the neck was done to expose the thyroid gland. The shape and measurements like length, breadth and thickness of both lobe of the gland were noted.Results: The mean values of all parameters by gestational age were calculated. In the present study, the weight of foetuses showed gradual increase from 10th week to 38th weeks of gestation. In the normally developing foetuses the thyroid gland dimension and its weight also increases with increase gestational age.Conclusion: There was no more difference between the dimension of right and left lobe of thyroid gland. The study provides morphological and morphometric knowledge on the development of foetal thyroid gland from 10th week to 38th weeks of gestation. The knowledge of thyroid gland weight and dimension and body weight in relation to the gestational age might be helpful to judge the thyroid structure in preterm babies.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(6) 2018 40-44

Peripheral and brain tissue catecholamine content in intact and anti-NGF-treated fetal sheep

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (1) ◽  
pp. R7-R12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Schuijers ◽  
D. W. Walker ◽  
C. A. Browne ◽  
G. D. Thorburn
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Adrenal Glands ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Catecholamine Content ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Fetal lambs were treated with a single dose of anti-mouse nerve growth factor (anti-NGF) at 80 days gestational age. The catecholamine content of tissues was determined at 135 days gestational age. There was a reduction of either norepinephrine, epinephrine, or both, in the thymus, thyroid, atrium (but not ventricle), lung, liver, kidney, and jejunum when compared with age-matched control fetuses. The spleen, ileum, colon, and the adrenal glands were not affected by anti-NGF. In treated fetuses there was a reduction in catecholamine content of the thalamus, hypothalamus, hippocampus, medulla, cerebellum, and cervical spinal cord. These results show that some tissues are sensitive to, and some are refractory to, the action of anti-NGF at 80 days gestation. Also the results suggest that NGF may play a role in the development of catecholamine-containing neurons within the central nervous system.

Normal development of the fetal spinal canal and spinal cord at T12 on 3.0-T MRI

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 623-627
Author(s):  
Mingming Miao ◽  
Xiangtao Lin ◽  
Zhonghe Zhang ◽  
Hui Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
3.0 T ◽  
3.0 T Mri

Background The studies that described the dimensions of the normal fetal thoracic spinal canal and spinal cord on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are scarce. Purpose To determine the normal appearance of the fetal spinal canal and spinal cord at T12 across different gestational ages using 3.0-T MRI. Material and Methods The spines of 43 normal human fetuses, aged 15–40 weeks, were scanned by 3.0-T MRI. All specimens were scanned using a GE 3.0-T MRI scanner. Imaging of the T12 vertebrae was performed in the coronal, sagittal, and axial planes. The anterior-posterior (AP) diameter, width, and cross-sectional area of the spinal canal and spinal cord at T12 were measured. The influence of gestational age on these parameters was investigated with a scatter plot and linear regression analysis using Pearson correlation coefficient. Results The normal morphology of the fetal vertebra at T12 can be clearly showed by MRI; the spinal canal appeared circular, while the spinal cord was ellipsoid. Linear regression analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the AP diameter, width, and cross-sectional area of the spinal canal at T12 and gestational age. Conclusion Postmortem MRI is a reliable method for understanding the growth dynamics of the spinal canal and spinal cord at T12. Findings from this study would benefit the prenatal diagnosis of congenital malformations by MRI.

Transverse Diameter of Cervical Spinal Cord on Pantopaque Myelography

1963 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 660-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansho T. Khilnani ◽  
Bernard S. Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Transverse Diameter

MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING AND CORTICOTROPHIC ACTIVITIES IN HUMAN FOETAL PITUITARY GLANDS

1968 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abba J. Kastin ◽  
Gerhard Gennser ◽  
Akira Arimura ◽  
M. Clinton Miller ◽  
Andrew V. Schally
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Developmental Factors ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Human Foetuses ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) and corticotrophin (ACTH) activities were determined in the pituitary glands of 24 human foetuses ranging in gestational age from 11 to 23 weeks. Both hormonal activities were present in every pituitary gland examined. The foetal developmental factors were significantly correlated as were the MSH and ACTH activities. Although the mU per mg of ACTH correlated negatively with development, no correlation between MSH and development was found.

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