Agro-morphological characteristics and genetic diversity of newly registered sugarcane variety Jitpur-5, Jitpur-6 & Jitpur-7 in Nepal.

The only crop providing raw materials for sugar and jaggery production in Nepal is sugarcane, and its introduction and adaptation is the only route for its development commercially. Therefore, this research was carried out to check its adaptability and yield potential in National sugarcane research Station, Jitpur, Bara, and in different parts of the country, which were tested as Initial evaluation Trial just after the introduction, and then experimented as Advanced Varietal Trial, Coordinated Varietal Trial, and Coordinated Farmers Field trial simultaneously from the year 2012/13 to 2017/18. The method used was RCBD with three replication in every of the trial. Analyzing all the cane yield attributing characters, and ratooning potential and ratoon yield, Co 0232, CoLk 94184 and CoSe 03234 were found superior to all other tested genotypes. Similarly, sugarcane juice quality (sugar recovery, CCS (t/ha) & Sucrose %) were found significantly higher in these three genotypes, so these genotypes Co 0232, CoLk 94184 and CoSe 03234 were registered in gadgets of Nepal Government as variety Jitpur-5, Jitpur-6 and Jitpur-7 respectively.

Response of Stubble Shaving Times on Ratoon Yield of Different Sugarcane Genotypes

Ratooning is common practice done in sugarcane with purpose of reducing total cost of cultivation and early cane maturity. More than 35% of sugarcane productivity is lost due to improper attention of the farmers towards ratoons. Majority of farmers reported that the ratoonability wasn’t good when harvested in December-January. This experiment was carried out to find the appropriate ratoon shaving time with response to different varieties in sugarcane ratoon crop in the year 2018/19 at National sugarcane research project, Jitpur, Bara. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with four levels of cane genotypes as Co – 0238, CoLk – 94184, Co – 0233 and CoS – 07250 as main plot factor while four harvesting dates as sub plot factor with three replications. Observations of number of millable canes, single cane weight, plant height and single cane diameter were recorded, tabulated and analyzed in R-studio. Ratoon stubble shaving in the month of November had highest number of millable canes (88079/ha) which wasn’t significantly different from the stubble shaving in the month of December, January. Likewise, highest cane yield(60.04 mt/ha), single cane weight (0.757kg), cane diameter ( 2.11cm), plant height(1.82m)were found in early stubble shaving dates . Cane Yield and various yield parameter shows better performance in early ratoon shaving periods i.e. from November to January than late ratoon shaving dates.

SCREENING OF SUGARCANE CLONES UNDER ZONAL YIELD TRIALS III, II, I AND ADVANCED YIELD TRIALS AGAINST SMUT DISEASE (USTALIGO SCITAMINEA) IN PLANT CANE

A field trial was conducted on sugarcane genotype /clones against sugarcane smut disease (Ustilago Scitaminea) at Bangladesh sugarcane Research Institute (BSRI) farm, Ishurdi, Pubna during the cropping season 2010 -11 for plant cane. Forty-seven clones were inoculated by I g smut teliospore/liter of water equivalent to 105 -106 spore /ml, for 30 minutes mixed with tween 20 for the inoculation of smut spore by dipping method. Among them 32 clones were (R) resistant ,6 Clones were (MR) moderately Resistant, 6 were (MS) Moderately susceptible,2 were (S) Susceptible and only one clone 15-08 highly susceptible found to sugarcane smut disease.

Screening of sugarcane genotypes against Top Borer (Scirpophaga exerptalis Walker) infestation

Fourty sugarcane genotypes with different period of maturity were evaluated against top borer (Scirpophaga excerptalis Walker) infestation under natural field condition during 2018 and 2019 at National Sugarcane Research Program, Jeetpur, Nepal. The experiment was conducted in alpha-lattice design under natural condition of infestation using Co 0238 as susceptible check. Based on the incidence, 26 genotypes were categorized as less susceptible, eleven genotypes were found moderately susceptible to S. excerptalis. However, among less susceptible genotypes lowest incidence of 3.11 percent was recorded in genotype CoS 8432. Whereas, highest incidence of 25.24 percent was recorded in highly susceptible genotype, CoSe 98255BD 24. Most of the cane genotypes were found low to moderately susceptible, having 5 to 20% incidence of the pest. Whereas, some of the varieties, namely CoH 160 (21.22%), CoSe 95255 BD 24 (25.24%) and BO 150 (22.02%) were found highly susceptible. The mechanism responsible for host plant resistance against top borer is not studied in this experimentation. The study in these aspects is to be conducted to explore the mechanisms of host plant resistance for using these resistant genotypes for breeding purpose.

The TECHNIQUE CHARACTERIZATION AND HYDRAULIC PERFORMANCE OF PERFORATED HOSE SYSTEM FOR SUGARCANE IN COLOMBIA

TECHNIQUE CHARACTERIZATION AND HYDRAULIC PERFORMANCE OF PERFORATED HOSE SYSTEM FOR SUGARCANE IN COLOMBIA CHRISTIAN JOSÉ MENDOZA1; JAVIER ALÍ CARBONELL2 E JOHN JAIRO LASSO3 1Soil and Water Engineer, Agronomy Program, Colombian Sugarcane Research Center, San Antonio Experimental Station, Road Cali – Florida km 26, Candelaria, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, [email protected] 2Ex-Director Agronomy Program, Colombian Sugarcane Research Center, San Antonio Experimental Station, Road Cali – Florida km 26, Candelaria, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, [email protected] 3Agricultural Technician, Agronomy Program, Colombian Sugarcane Research Center, San Antonio Experimental Station, Road Cali – Florida km 26, Candelaria, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, [email protected] 1 ABSTRACT Sugarcane crops in Colombia are traditionally irrigated, and a higher portion of of the area with the irrigation system by furrows, where efficiency does not exceed 50% and present high application volumes per unit area. In pursuit of a more efficient use of water resources and conservation of the environment, a microirrigation system by perforated hose has been introduced recently. The objective of this research was to characterize and evaluate the performance of the perforated hose system. Therefore, to carry out this experiment, pressures 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 PSI were evaluated, the flow in each orifice, and the water distribution in the system area. The following parameters were determined: (a) average flow rate, (b) coefficient of manufacture variation, (c) characteristic equation of the emitter/orifice, (d) distance between emitters, and (e) Christiansen Uniformity Coefficient-UC. The analyses showed coefficients of manufacture variation superior to 0.29 for all the pressures evaluated, and the UC were also very low for the system installation options in continuous furrow and alternate furrow, being superior to 43% and 52% respectively. The exponents x of the pressure versus flow equation will range from 0.119 to 0.813. Keywords. Christiansen uniformity coefficient, coefficient of variation, characteristic equation. MENDOZA, C.J.; CARBONELL, J.A.; LASSO, J.J. CARACTERIZAÇÃO TÉCNICA E DESEMPENHO HIDRÁULICO DO SISTEMA DE IRRIGAÇÃO POR MANGUEIRA PERFURADA PARA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR NA COLÔMBIA 2 RESUMO A cultura da cana-de-açúcar na Colômbia é irriga tradicionalmente e em maior porcentagem da área com o sistema de irrigação por sulcos, onde a eficiência não excede 50% e com altos volumes de aplicação por unidade de área. Em busca de um uso mais eficiente dos recursos hídricos e da conservação do meio ambiente, um sistema de microirrigação por mangueira perfurada foi introduzido recentemente. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi caracterizar e avaliar o desempenho do sistema por mangueira perfurada. Portanto, para realizar este experimento, se avaliaram as pressões de 4, 5, 6, 7 e 8 PSI, a vazão em cada orifício e a distribuição de água na área do sistema. Os seguintes parâmetros foram determinados: (a) vazão média, (b) coeficiente de variação de fabricação, (c) equação característica do emissor / orifício, (d) distância entre emissores e (e) Coeficiente de Uniformidade de Christiansen - CUC. As análises mostraram coeficientes de variação de fabricação superiores a 0,29 para todas as pressões avaliadas, também os CUC foram muito baixos para as opções de instalação do sistema em sulco contínuo e sulco alternado superiores a 43% e 52%, respectivamente. Os expoentes x da equação pressão versus fluxo variam de 0,119 a 0,813. Palavras-chave: coeficiente de uniformidade de Christiansen, coeficiente de variação, equação característica.

Evaluation of Phytotoxicity of Sulfantrazone 48% F to Sugarcane Saccharum officinarum L.

A field experiment was conducted at the Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Luchnow, under subtropical Indian conditions during the season 2012-2013 to study the evaluation of phytotoxicity of sulfantrazone 48% f to sugarcane variety CoSe 92423. The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The treatments used in the experiment are sulfentrazone PPI 720 g a.i.ha-1, sulfentrazone PPI 1440 g a.i.ha-1, sulfentrazone Pre-em: 3 DAP 720 g a.i.ha-1, sulfentrazone Pre-em: 3 DAP 1440 g a.i.ha-1 and untreated control(weedy). The results showed that sulfentrazone PPI 1440 g ai.ha-1 registered the highest increase of germination (56.9 %) that didn’t differ significantly from other treatments. The dry matter accumulation in weeds was the lowest (7.2, 10.6 and 22.8 g.m-²) in sulfentrazone PPI 1440 a.i.ha-1 treatment achieved highest inhibition proportion of dry matter (90.2, 88.9 and 83.5 % ) at the 60, 90 and 120 DAP respectively. Phytotoxicity was not significantly affected by use of sulfentrazone herbicide. a significant increase in average number of canes by using sulfentrazone PPI 1440 g a.i.ha-1 led to even the highest increase in this attribute at the 90,120,150, 210 and 300 DAP. The use of sulfentrazone PPI 1440 g a.i.ha-1 registered the highest cane yield (84.1 t.ha-1) that was significantly higher to the tune of 44.94 % over control. Addition of sulfentrazone treatments significantly affected sugar yield. Sulfentrazone PPI 1440 g a.i.ha-1 and sulfentrazone Pre-eme 1440 g a.i.ha-1caused highest increase in this character which reached to 13.850 and 13.500 t.ha-1respectively.

PROFICIENCY OF SUGARCANE CLONES/ VARIEITIES AT DIFFERENT LOCATIONS IN THAL AND SOUTHERN PUNJAB

The performance of promising varieties was compared with already released. The varieties trail was conducted at four different sites in Punjab, it is an essential component of sugarcane research and thus provides an important basis of recommendations to growers. The objective of this paper is to evaluate promising varieties under different ecological zones. Seven sugarcane promising and two commercial clones were evaluated. These clones were tested for their performance at four locations during Feb-March-2017 in “Thal” and South Punjab viz; Karampur Mailsi, Layyah, Alipur and Khanpur. The trials were conducted at farmer’s field using RCBD with three replications. The data on germination%, Tillers/Plant, number of mill able cane, cane yield t/ha and commercial cane sugar% (CCS) were recorded during the course of study. Overall, pooled mean of four locations indicate that cane yield of clone S2003-US-127 produced statistically higher significant 124.64 t/ha cane yield as compared HSF-240 that produced statistically lower yield i.e. 103.14 t/ha. The Brix% of overall mean of four locations results S2003-US-633 was statistically significant i.e. 24.47% and Brix% of overall mean of four locations results S2008-AUS-134 was statistically lower i.e. 19.38%.

Effect of Management Practices on Growth and Productivity of Chip Bud Raised Sugarcane (Saccharum offcinarum L.)

Field investigations were carried out during early seasons of 2014 to 2016 at Sugarcane Research Station, Cuddalore to ascertain the effect of intra-row spacings doses of NPK, addition of bio- inoculants in combination with the practice of topping under conventional method of flooding irrigation forchipbud raised sugarcane seedlings. The adoption of 30 cm intra-row spacings + 100% dose of NPK+ topping treatment registered significantly maximum number of tillers per hectare, however, the maintenance of 45 cm intra- row spacings + 100 % recommended dose of NPK + topping registered the maximum values of varied growth, yield parameters viz., cane length (289 and 282 cm), cane girth (2.79 and 2.66 cm) individual cane weight (2.06 and 1.97kg) and millable canes (1,27,600 and 1,23,600) cane (140.43 and 129.94tha-1)and sugar yield (16.86 and 15.67tha-1).