PERFECTIONOF CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY IN TEXT CATEGORIZATION

Problems and strategies for text classification have already been known for a long time. Theyre widely utilised by companies like Google and Yahoo for email spam screening, sentiment analysis of Twitter data, and automatic news categories in Google alerts. Were still working on getting the findings to be as accurate as possible. When dealing with large amounts of text data, however, the models performance and accuracy become a difficulty. The type of words utilised in the corpus and the type of features produced for classification have a big impact on the performance of a text classification model.

Racial Disparities in Police Crime Victimization

Policing has become a topic of intense public scrutiny and protest in the aftermath of several recent highly questionable and violent police–citizen encounters including the acts of police violence against George Floyd in Minneapolis (MN), Breonna Taylor in Louisville (KY), and Jacob Blake in Kenosha (WI). These encounters have led to large-scale street protests, the legitimization of the Black Lives Matter movement, and what many commentators perceive as a “national reckoning” on the issue of racial justice. The focus of our research is on police crime—a particular form of police misconduct that involves the criminal arrest of police officers. Our work is designed to identify cases in which law enforcement officers have been arrested for any type of criminal offense(s). One area of police scholarship that has thus far been neglected is the relationship between citizen race and the perpetration of police crime. We are aware of no existing empirical studies on whether, and if so, to what degree, citizen race is associated with crimes committed by police officers. The public has been forced to re-examine and question the role and legitimacy of police against the backdrop of protests and concerns about how police may contribute to racial injustice and discrimination. The broadest research issue involved an examination of the association between police crime and the race of the victim. Our goal was to identify and examine any racial disparities of police crime overall and within specific types of police crime. The analyses compared police crimes committed against Black victims to all other police crimes identified within the dataset. More specifically, we examined the degree to which police crimes perpetrated against Black victims tend to be more violent than those perpetrated against non-Black victims. CHAID regression models were utilized to explore any multivariate relationships between race and police crime. Data were derived from published news articles using the Google News search engine and its Google Alerts email update service. Our database currently includes information on more than 18,700 cases of police crime from years 2005-2021. The study utilized data derived from this larger project. The study examined those cases of police crime in which we have identified a victim and recorded information on the race of the victim. The dataset for this study includes information on 865 criminal arrest cases of sworn nonfederal law enforcement officers within the United States from 2005 through 2014.

Análise do perfil de visitantes de parques zoológicos de Santa Catarina

Este trabalho buscou identificar a percepção dos visitantes de quatro parques zoológicos de Santa Catarina, no período compreendido entre 2000 e 2019, através da aplicação de 2.178 entrevistas semiestruturadas (questionários), da análise de 12.909 notícias através do uso da ferramenta google alerts e de observação participante. Considerando-se as razões da existência e os aspectos de zoológicos ideais, o motivo das visitas e os meios de informação adequados, observa-se um padrão relacionado à idade dos visitantes e as expectativas que cada grupo possui. É importante aprofundar as discussões e as críticas sobre zoológicos como espaço educador sustentável para apropriação e disseminação de conceitos científicos, com o desenvolvimento de práticas cotidianas incorporadas a rotina dos parques. Desta maneira, os zoológicos possuem grandes desafios para que ocorra a ampliação dessa percepção e dos esforços para que a conservação ex situ seja entendida e apoiada pela sociedade civil.

OP457 A Collaborative Horizon Scanning Alert For Disinvestment And Early Awareness

IntroductionIn 2019, the Norwegian Institute for Public Health and Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH) received support from HTAi to produce a quarterly current awareness alert for the HTAi Disinvestment and Early Awareness Interest Group in collaboration with the HTAi Information Retrieval Interest Group. The alert focuses on methods and topical issues, and broader forecasts of potentially disruptive technologies that may be of interest to those involved in horizon scanning and disinvestment initiatives in health technology assessment (HTA).MethodsInformation specialists at both agencies developed search strategies for disinvestment and for horizon scanning in PubMed and Google. The template for the alert was based on an e-newsletter developed by the Information Retrieval Interest Group. Information specialists and researchers reviewed the monthly (PubMed) and weekly (Google) search results and selected potentially relevant publications. Additional sources were also identified through regular HTA and horizon scanning work.ResultsAlerts are posted quarterly on the HTAi Interest Group website; members receive an email notice when new alerts are available. While the revised PubMed searches are identifying relevant information, Google alerts have been disappointing, and this search may need to be revised further or dropped. When the one-year pilot project ends, in Fall 2020, interest group members will be surveyed to see if the alerts were useful, and whether they have suggestions for improving them.ConclusionsCollaborating on this alert service reduces duplication of effort between agencies, and makes new research in horizon scanning and disinvestment more accessible to colleagues in other agencies working in these areas.

Natural hazard events affecting transportation networks in Switzerland from 2012 to 2016

Switzerland is threatened by many natural hazards. Many events occur in built-up environments, affecting infrastructure, buildings, and transportation networks, occasionally producing expensive damages. This expense is why large landslides are generally well studied and monitored in Switzerland to reduce the financial and human risks. However, there is a lack of data on small events, which have recently affected roads and railways. Therefore, in this study, all of the reported natural hazard events that have affected Swiss transportation networks since 2012 were collected in a database. More than 800 events affecting roads and railways were recorded within in a 5-year period from 2012 to 2016. These events are classified into six classes: earth flow, debris flow, rockfall, flood, snow avalanche, and others. Data from Swiss online press articles were sorted by Google Alerts. The search was based on more than 30 keywords in three languages (Italian, French, and German). After verification that the article was related to an actual event that affected a road or a railway track, it was studied in detail. We collected information on more than 170 attributes of events, such as the event date, event type, event localization, meteorological conditions, impacts and damages on the track, and human damages. From this database, a variety of trends over the 5-year period can be observed in the event attributes, particularly the spatial and temporal distributions of the events, and their consequences on traffic (closure duration, deviation, costs of direct damage). The database is imperfect due to the short period of data collection, but it highlights the non-negligible impact of small natural hazard events on roads and railways in Switzerland at a national level. This database contributes to understanding and quantification of these types of events and better integration in risk assessment.

Natural hazard events affecting transportation networks in Switzerland from 2012 to 2016

Switzerland is a country threatened by a lot of natural hazards. Many events occur in built environment, affecting infrastructures, buildings or transportation networks and producing occasionally expensive damages. This is the reason why large landslides are generally well studied and monitored in Switzerland to reduce the financial and human risks. However, we have noticed a lack of data on small events which have impacted roads and railways these last years. Therefore, we have collected all the reported natural hazard events which have affected the Swiss transportation networks since 2012 in a database. More than 800 events affecting roads and railways have been recorded in five years from 2012 to 2016. These events are classified into six classes: earth flow, debris flow, rockfall, flood, snow avalanche and others. Data come from Swiss online press articles sorted by Google Alerts. The search is based on more than thirty keywords, in three languages (Italian, French, German). After verifying that the article relates indeed an event which has affected a road or a railways track, it is studied in detail. We get finally information on about sixty attributes by event about event date, event type, event localisation, meteorological conditions as well as impacts and damages on the track and human damages. From this database, many trends over the five years of data collection can be outlined: in particular, the spatial and temporal distributions of the events, as well as their consequences in term of traffic (closure duration, deviation, etc.). Even if the database is imperfect because of it was built and because of the short time period considered, it highlights the not negligible impact of small natural hazard events on roads and railways in Switzerland at a national level. This database helps to better understand and quantify this type of events and to better integrate them in risk assessment.

Recursos do conhecimento: colaboração, participação e compartilhamento de informação científica e acadêmica

A facilidade de acesso à Internet e a possibilidade de compartilhamento da informação científica aumentam exponencialmente a produção e o uso da informação nas bases de dados especializadas, portais e redes sociais acadêmicas. Editoras e indivíduos compartilham textos e audiovisuais, no sentido de dinamizar o fluxo da informação científica, tecnológica, política e cultural, além de colaborar com outros pesquisadores. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar, de maneira sintética, algumas formas de apoio ao processo de comunicação científica que ajudam pesquisadores na obtenção e no compartilhamento das informações científicas e acadêmicas. Estes recursos, denominados Recursos do Conhecimento, são apresentados com um breve descritivo, sua utilidade e como podem ser acessados/utilizados. São apresentados os serviços de Bases de Dados como: Dialnet, Web of Science, Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações do IBICT, Portal de Teses da CAPES e OAIster; Gestores de Referências Bibliográficas como: Citeulike, EndNote, Mendeley, Refworks e Zotero; Mecanismos de Apoio, como: Authormapper, Curadoria de Conteúdos, Google Alerts e ORCID; e, por fim, Redes Sociais Acadêmicas como: Academia.edu, Methodspace e Researchgate. Conclui-se que, na medida em que se torna complexa a busca e o compartilhamento de informação diante da sobrecarga informacional existente na Web, novos serviços, padrões e recursos surgem como forma de amenizar esta problemática e auxiliar pesquisadores das comunidades científicas e acadêmicas nas produções bibliográficas e no compartilhamento destas com demais pesquisadores. Então, iniciativas de pesquisas e formas de identificação de autores e suas pesquisas tornam-se vitais para o desenvolvimento e ampliação de mais Recursos do Conhecimento.