Using an Artificial Neural Network to Improve Email Security

Email is one of the most widely used features of internet, and it is the most convenient method of transferring messages electronically. However, email productivity has been decreased due to phishing attacks, spam emails, and viruses. Recently, filtering the email flow is a challenging task for researchers due to techniques that spammers used to avoid spam detection. This research proposes an email spam filtering system that filters the spam emails using artificial back propagation neural network (BPNN) technique. Enron1 dataset was used, and after the preprocessing, TF-IDF algorithm was used to extract features and convert them into frequency. To select best features, mutual information technique has been applied. Performance of classifiers were measured using BoW, n-gram, and chi-squared methods. BPNN model was compared with Naïve Bayes and support vector machine based on accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score. The results show that the proposed email spam system achieved 98.6% accuracy with cross-validation.

Development of a Machine Learning Model for Image-based Email Spam Detection

Combatting email spam has remained a very daunting task. Despite the over 99% accuracy in most non-image-based spam email detection, studies on image-based spam hardly attain such a high level of accuracy as new email spamming techniques that defeat existing spam filters emerges from time to time. The number of email spams sent out daily has remained a key factor in the continued use of spam. In this paper, a simple convolutional neural network model, 123DNet was developed and trained with 28,929 images drawn from 2 public datasets and a Personally Generated dataset. The model was optimized to the least set of layers to have 1 input layer, 2 embedded Convolutional layers as a hidden layer, and 3 neural network layers. The model was tested with a total of 4,339 images of the three dataset samples and then with a separate set of 1,200 images to test performance on never-seen-before images. A Classification Performance analysis was carried out using the confusion matrix. Performance metrics including Accuracy, Precision, True Negative Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, and F1 Measure were computed to ascertain the model’s performance. The Model returned an F1 Score of 97% on a public dataset’s test sample and 88% on Never-seen-before test samples outperforming some pre-existing models while performing significantly well on the newly generated image test samples. It is recommended that a model that performed so well with new never-seen-before spam images be integrated into spam filtering systems. Keywords- Convolutional Neural Network, Deep Learning, Image-based Spam Detection

E-Mail Spam Filtering

E-mail is that the most typical method of communication because of its ability to get, the rapid modification of messages and low cost of distribution. E-mail is one among the foremost secure medium for online communication and transferring data or messages through the net. An overgrowing increase in popularity, the quantity of unsolicited data has also increased rapidly. Spam causes traffic issues and bottlenecks that limit the quantity of memory and bandwidth, power and computing speed. To filtering data, different approaches exist which automatically detect and take away these untenable messages. There are several numbers of email spam filtering technique like Knowledge-based technique, Clustering techniques, Learning-based technique, Heuristic processes so on. For data filtering, various approaches exist that automatically detect and suppress these indefensible messages. This paper illustrates a survey of various existing email spam filtering system regarding Machine Learning Technique (MLT) like Naive Bayes, SVM, K-Nearest Neighbor, Bayes Additive Regression, KNN Tree, and rules. Henceforth here we give the classification, evaluation and comparison of some email spam filtering system and summarize the scenario regarding accuracy rate of various existing approaches. Keywords: e-mail spam, unsolicited bulk email, spam filtering methods.

Hybrid big bang–big crunch with ant colony optimization for email spam detection

Electronic mails (emails) have been widely adapted by organizations and individuals as efficient communication means. Despite the pervasiveness of alternate means like social networks, mobile SMS, electronic messages, etc. email users are continuously growing. The higher user growth attracts more spammers who send unsolicited emails to anonymous users. These spam emails may contain malware, misleading information, phishing links, etc. that can imperil the privacy of benign users. The paper proposes a self-adaptive hybrid algorithm of big bang–big crunch (BB–BC) with ant colony optimization (ACO) for email spam detection. The BB–BC algorithm is based on the physics-inspired evolution theory of the universe, and the collective interaction behavior of ants is the inspiration for the ACO algorithm. Here, the ant miner plus (AMP) variant of the ACO algorithm is adapted, a data mining variant efficient for the classification. The proposed hybrid algorithm (HB3C-AMP) adapts the attributes of B3C (BB–BC) for local exploitation and AMP for global exploration. It evaluates the center of mass along with the consideration of pheromone value evaluated by the best ants to detect email spam efficiently. The experiments for the proposed HB3C-AMP algorithm are conducted with the Ling Spam and CSDMC2010 datasets. Different experiments are conducted to determine the significance of the pre-processing modules, iterations, and population size on the proposed algorithm. The results are also evaluated for the AM (ant miner), AM2 (ant miner2), AM3 (ant miner3), and AMP algorithms. The performance comparison demonstrates that the proposed HB3C-AMP algorithm is superior to the other techniques.

IMPLEMENTASI PENDETEKSIAN SPAM EMAIL MENGGUNAKAN METODE TEXT MINING DENGAN ALGORITMA NAÏVE BAYES DAN DECISION TREE J48

Email cukup populer sebagai salah satu media komunikasi digital. Hal tersebut dikarenakan proses pengiriman pesan dengan email yang mudah. Sayangnya, kebanyakan pesan dalam email adalah email spam. Spam adalah pesan yang tidak diinginkan penerima pesan karena spam biasanya berisi pesan iklan maupun pesan penipuan. Ham adalah pesan yang diinginkan penerima pesan. Salah satu cara untuk menyortir pesan-pesan tersebut adalah dengan melakukan pengklasifikasian pesan email menjadi spam maupun ham. Naïve Bayes dan decision tree J48 ialah algoritma yang dapat digunakan untuk mengklasifikasikan pesan email. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan efektifitas algoritma Naïve Bayes dan decision tree J48 dalam penyortiran email spam. Metode yang digunakan adalah text mining. Data yang berisi teks pesan email berbahasa Inggris akan diproses terlebih dahulu sebelum diklasifikasikan dengan Naïve Bayes dan decision tree J48. Tahap pra proses tersebut meliputi tokenisasi, pembuangan stop word list, stemming, dan seleksi atribut. Selanjutnya, data teks pesan email akan diproses dengan algoritma Naïve Bayes dan decision tree J48. Algoritma Naïve Bayes adalah algoritma pengklasifikasi yang berdasarkan pada teori keputusan Bayesian sedangkan algoritma decision tree J48 ialah pengembangan dari algoritma decision tree ID3. Hasil penelitian ini adalah algoritma decision tree J48 mendapat akurasi yang lebih tingggi dari algoritma Naïve Bayes. Algoritma decision tree J48 mendapat 93,117% sedangkan Naïve Beyes memiliki akurasi 88,5284%. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah algoritma decision tree J48 lebih unggul dibanding Naive Bayes untuk menyortir email spam jika dilihat dari tingkat akurasi masing-masing algoritma.

PERFECTIONOF CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY IN TEXT CATEGORIZATION

Problems and strategies for text classification have already been known for a long time. Theyre widely utilised by companies like Google and Yahoo for email spam screening, sentiment analysis of Twitter data, and automatic news categories in Google alerts. Were still working on getting the findings to be as accurate as possible. When dealing with large amounts of text data, however, the models performance and accuracy become a difficulty. The type of words utilised in the corpus and the type of features produced for classification have a big impact on the performance of a text classification model.

Natural Language Processing: Components, Advances, Tools and Industrial Applications

Natural Language Processing is the study that focuses the interplay between computer and the human languages NLP has spread its applications in various fields such as an email Spam detection, machine translation, summation, information extraction, and question answering etc. Natural Language Processing classifies two parts i.e. Natural Language Generation and Natural Language understanding which evolves the task to generate and understand the text.