Aggregation over Metric Spaces: Proposing and Voting in Elections, Budgeting, and Legislation

We present a unifying framework encompassing a plethora of social choice settings. Viewing each social choice setting as voting in a suitable metric space, we offer a general model of social choice over metric spaces, in which—similarly to the spatial model of elections—each voter specifies an ideal element of the metric space. The ideal element acts as a vote, where each voter prefers elements that are closer to her ideal element. But it also acts as a proposal, thus making all participants equal not only as voters but also as proposers. We consider Condorcet aggregation and a continuum of solution concepts, ranging from minimizing the sum of distances to minimizing the maximum distance. We study applications of our abstract model to various social choice settings, including single-winner elections, committee elections, participatory budgeting, and participatory legislation. For each setting, we compare each solution concept to known voting rules and study various properties of the resulting voting rules. Our framework provides expressive aggregation for a broad range of social choice settings while remaining simple for voters; and may enable a unified and integrated implementation for all these settings, as well as unified extensions such as sybil-resiliency, proxy voting, and deliberative decision making. We study applications of our abstract model to various social choice settings, including single-winner elections, committee elections, participatory budgeting, and participatory legislation. For each setting, we compare each solution concept to known voting rules and study various properties of the resulting voting rules. Our framework provides expressive aggregation for a broad range of social choice settings while remaining simple for voters; and may enable a unified and integrated implementation for all these settings, as well as unified extensions such as sybil-resiliency, proxy voting, and deliberative decision making.

An AdaptiveWhale Optimization Algorithm Guided Smart City Big Data Feature Identification for Fair Resource Utilization

World improvement is the development of every single province of the world. Smart city implies changed hardware to adjusted individuals. Smart cities have the most indispensable part in altering distinctive regions of human life, touching segments like transportation, wellbeing, vitality, and instruction. Productively to make measurements to improve distinctive smart city benefits huge information frameworks are put away, prepared, and mined in smart cities. For the change and course of action of huge information applications for smart cities, different difficulties are faces. In this paper, we propose a wrapper display based ideal element recognizable proof calculation for ideal use of assets given highlight subset age. Nine component determination techniques used for compelling element extraction. At last, which includes best add to the ideal usage of assets got by means of a novel element recognizable proof calculation made by the application out of a Whale Optimization Algorithm with Adaptive Multi-Population (WOA-AMP) system as inquiry process in a wrapper display driven by the notable relapse demonstrate regression model Random Forest with Support Vector Machine (RF-SVM). Our proposed calculation gives the exact method to choose the most agreeable feature blend, which prompts ideal asset usage.

3D tolerance modeling and geometric precision analysis of plane features for flexible parts

PurposeThe traditional precision design only takes the influence of geometric tolerance of the parts and does not involve the load deformation in the assembly process. This paper aims to analyze the influence mechanism of flexible parts deformation on the geometric precision, and then to ensure the reliability and stability of the mechanical system.Design/methodology/approachFirstly, this paper adopts the N-GPS to analyze the influence mechanism of flexible parts deformation on the geometric precision and constructs a coupling 3D tolerance mathematical model of the geometric tolerance and the load deformation deviation based on the SDT theory, homogeneous coordinate transformation theory and surface authentication idea. Secondly, the least square method is used to fit the deformation surface of the mating surface under load so as to complete the conversion from the non-ideal element to the ideal element.FindingsThis paper takes the horizontal machining center as a case to obtain the deformation information of the mating surface under the self-weight load. The results show that the deformation deviation of the parts has the trend of transmission and accumulation under the load. The terminal deformation cumulative amount of the system is up to –0.0249 mm, which indicated that the influence of parts deformation on the mechanical system precision cannot be ignored.Originality/valueThis paper establishes a comprehensive 3D tolerance mathematical model, which comprehensively considers the effect of the dimensional tolerance, geometric tolerance and load deformation deviation. By this way, the assembly precision of mechanical system can be accurately predicted.

PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF VARIOUS HEXAHEDRAL ELEMENT QUALITY METRICS VIA PARAMETRIC DISTORTION OF AN IDEAL ELEMENT

In this study, by means of parametric distortion of an ideal hexahedral element, we investigate the accuracy and sensitivity of some hexahedral element quality metrics existing in the literature. We also investigate and compare the relative computational costs of each metrics. We try to identify the weaknesses and strengths of all metrics under interrogation, and come up with some proposals for practical use.

Definition and properties of a Eulerian 3-terminal gyrator

The Eulerian 3-terminal gyrator is a hypothetical element whose novel features relate to systems dominated by dynamic forces. In mechanical linkages, turbomachines, flow networks and many other systems forces are proportional to the square of velocities. This square-law is fundamental in the Eulerian 3-terminal gyrator, unlike the linearity of the conventional gyrator. A gyrator embodies non-reciprocity and, without power loss, exchanges pressure-like and flow-like variables. The name derives from the gyroscope, for which torque and precession rate are linearly related if the gyro speed is constant, but this speed would have to vary to produce a square law relationship. Such so-called ‘internal modulation’ has been viewed askance in the definition of an ideal element. However, despite potential mathematical complexity, a neat definition follows from a coordinate transformation and mapping relating to 3-terminal elements. The resulting characteristics are well-behaved functions. Formulae are derived for the small-signal Z - and Y -parameters and these enable the non-reciprocity to be demonstrated. The large-signal characteristics are compared with those of a fluidic reverse flow diverter applied to process fluid handling. In general, the Eulerian gyrator is proposed as a natural prime element in analytical modelling because it builds in the modulation that must be applied to a linear gyrator in representing systems beyond the confines of electrical networks.