Corn plants as temporary acoustic barrier to limit the effects of noise pollution

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. 2164-2171
Author(s):  
Gino Iannace ◽  
Virginia Puyana-Romero ◽  
Giuseppe Ciaburro
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Noise Attenuation ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Corn Plant ◽  
Spherical Source ◽  
The World ◽  
Corn Plants ◽  
Processing Cycle

Corn is a cereal imported into Europe from the Americas and is used for human and animal feed, but there are also industrial uses such as the production of ethanol, as a fuel for heating homes or to produce starch. Corn grows in the summer in areas where there is water. Corn is grown in many regions of the world and its production exceeds that of any other cereal in quantity. The corn plant can reach up to three meters in height, with a stem diameter of a few centimeters and with dense leaves longer than 30 cm and 10 cm wide. There are noisy activities where it is necessary to attenuate the noise produced to limit the effects of noise pollution. Some activities use temporary barriers depending on the processing cycle adopted. If noisy work is carried out during the summer season, corn rows of adequate width can be used as an acoustic barrier. In this paper, the possibility of using corn plants as an acoustic barrier is investigated. The acoustic measurements of the noise attenuation of corn rows of adequate width are described. Using a semi-spherical source placed on the ground, the acoustic attenuation due to the corn plants arranged in several rows for different distances from the sound source to the receiver was measured.

A case study of noise pollution levels during the restrictions period due to COVID-19.

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (6) ◽  
pp. 206-214
Author(s):  
David Montes-González ◽  
Juan Miguel Barrigón-Morillas ◽  
Ana Cristina Bejarano-Quintas ◽  
Manuel Parejo-Pizarro ◽  
Guillermo Rey-Gozalo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

The pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) led to the need for drastic control measures around the world to reduce the impact on the health of the population. The confinement of people in their homes resulted in a significant reduction in human activity at every level (economic, social, industrial, etc.), which was reflected in a decrease in environmental pollution levels. Studying the evolution of parameters, such as the level of environmental noise caused by vehicle traffic in urban environments, makes it possible to assess the impact of this type of measure. This paper presents a case study of the acoustic situation in Cáceres (Spain) during the restriction period by means of long-term acoustic measurements at various points of the city.

scholarly journals The role of edible insects to mitigate challenges for sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Raquel P. F. Guiné ◽  
Paula Correia ◽  
Catarina Coelho ◽  
Cristina A. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
World Population ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
Strong Component ◽  
Human Food ◽  
The World ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Recent Trends

Abstract This review is focused on the utilization of insects as a new opportunity in food and feed products, including their commercialization both in traditional and new markets. It has been suggested that insects are considerably more sustainable when compared with other sources of animal protein, thus alleviating the pressure over the environment and the planet facing the necessity to feed the world population, constantly increasing. Many chefs have adhered to the trend of using insects in their culinary preparations, bringing insects to the plan of top gastronomy, highlighting their organoleptic qualities allied to a recognized high nutritional value. However, in some markets, insects or insect-based products are not readily accepted because of neophobia and disgust. Moreover, the insect markets, farming, and commercialization are experiencing a huge growth, in which the domain of animal feed is undoubtedly a very strong component. The future of insects as human food and animal feed seems promising in view of the recent trends and challenges.

The Biomass Reallocation Program

World on Fire ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 172-188
Author(s):  
Mark Rowlands
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Marked Change ◽  
Agricultural Expansion ◽  
Species Extinction ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The World ◽  
Pastoral Farming

Underlying human-caused extinctions, past and present, is a vast biomass reallocation program. Before our Neolithic forebears began changing the world, biomass was distributed quite evenly among species of animals and plants. The tenure of humans has seen a marked change in this, as biomass became progressively concentrated into a small number of species—us and animals we eat. Today, 96% of all mammalian biomass consists in humans and the mammals that humans farm. An additional 70% of all avian biomass consists in domestic fowl. This biomass reallocation is the most significant driver of species extinction. The number-one driver of species extinction today is change in land use. The most significant driver of change in land use is agricultural expansion. By far the most prominent form of agricultural expansion is pastoral farming and the growing of animal feed crops. Eating animals is, therefore, the most important driver of species extinction.

Future perspectives

ESC CardioMed ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 3110-3111
Author(s):  
Thomas Münzel ◽  
Sanjay Rajagopalan ◽  
Mette Sørenson ◽  
Dave Newby ◽  
Robert D. Brook
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Mass Transit ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
The World ◽  
Vehicle Technologies ◽  
Motorized Vehicles

Efforts to mitigate air pollution and noise are a complex endeavour as they involve addressing their sources, which vary depending on the country and region of the world and complex economic and geopolitical considerations. Measures such as mandatory or voluntary greenhouse emissions or fuel efficiency standards, shifting to lower-carbon fuels, legislating the use of motorized vehicles/kilometres driven, introduction of electric mass transit, congestion pricing/taxes, vehicle and fuel taxes, and advanced vehicle technologies (e.g. battery electric cars, hybrids, plug-in hybrids, and fuel cell cars) may help simultaneously alleviate air and noise pollution and climate change goals.

MEASUREMENT OF RADON SOIL GAS IN AND AROUND BHARATHINAGARA, MANDYA DISTRICT

2019 ◽  
Vol 187 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
T S Shashikumar ◽  
S Revanna ◽  
M N Ramachandra ◽  
G V Ashok ◽  
C Ningappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Soil Gas ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
The World

Abstract Radon activity concentration in soil gas has been studied in and around Bharathinagara, Mandya district (12° 13|| N and 77° 20|| E) using Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors with Twin cup dosimeter. The activity concentration of 222Rn in soil gas was studied at two depths. Radon in soil gas was found to increase with depth and decrease with increase in moisture content of the soil. Radon in soil gas was found to be higher in winter season which varies from 0.22 ± 0.01 to 1.31 ± 0.01 kBq/m3 with a Geometric mean value of 0.56 ± 0.01 kBq/m3 in 1 m depth and lower radon soil gas was found to be 0.16 ± 0.01 to 0.60 ± 0.01 kBq/m3 with a Geometric mean value of 0.30 ± 0.01 kBq/m3 in 0.5 m depth during summer season. The activity concentrations of radon soil gas from in and around Bharathinagara are lower compared to those in other parts of the world.

GROWTH AND BIOCHEMICAL RESPONSES ON CORN PLANTS CULTIVATED IN SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH CADMIUM AND ZINC

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
LORENA GABRIELA ALMEIDA ◽  
ADELCIO DE PAULA JORGE ◽  
EDER MARCOS DA SILVA ◽  
PAULO CÉSAR MAGALHÃES ◽  
HUGO RAFAEL BENTZEN SANTOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Corn Plant ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Specific Behavior ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Corn Plants

Contamination with trace elements is characterized by an abiotic stress that represents a limiting factor in agricultural production. As cadmium (Cd) and Zinc (Zn) are physically and chemically similar, they can interact with the environment, causing antagonistic or synergistic effects. In this sense, physiological mechanisms to exclude detoxify or compartmentalize the excess of those trace elements is crucial for the survival of the vegetables when they are exposed to high concentrations of those elements. To comprehend the responses of the species sensible to the presence of Cd and Zn, this study aims to access the behavior of corn plants (Zea mays) cultivated in Cambisoils and Latosol with growing concentrations of Cd/Zn in a 21 days period. We performed growth and biochemical analyzes like antioxidant enzyme SOD, CAT and APX activity, hydrogen peroxide and lipidic peroxidation. Our data showed the specific behavior of cultivated corn plant in each of the soils analyzed. We observed that the interaction between both the elements resulted in a synergistic effect, negatively influencing all the analyzed parameters.  

scholarly journals Nematode Management Using Sorghum and Its Relatives

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2004 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Dover ◽  
Koon-Hui Wang ◽  
Robert McSorley
Keyword(s):  
Sorghum Bicolor ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Nematode Management ◽  
The World ◽  
Sorghum Sudangrass ◽  
Sorghum Bicolor L

Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) and sorghum-sudangrass (S. bicolor x S. sudanense (Piper) Stapf) are often used in crop rotation systems in Florida. Not only do they produce a source of forage or silage for animal feed, but many cultivars are effective in reducing population levels of root-knot nematodes, which are key nematode pests in Florida as well as many other parts of the world. Sorghum-sudangrass (S. bicolor x S. sudanense), also known as sorghum x sudangrass, sudax, or sudex, is a hybrid between sorghum (S. bicolor) and sudangrass (S. sudanense). Specific cultivars of either sorghum, sudangrass, or sudex provide a potential for nematode management, with the hybrid having more advantages over either one of its parents. This document is ENY-716, one of a series of the Department of Entomology and Nematology, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Date first printed: September 2004.  ENY716/IN531: Nematode Management Using Sorghum and Its Relatives (ufl.edu)

scholarly journals The Other Side of the (Policy) Coin: Analyzing Exnovation Policies for the Urban Mobility Transition in Eight Cities around the Globe

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9045
Author(s):  
Lisa Graaf ◽  
Stefan Werland ◽  
Oliver Lah ◽  
Emilie Martin ◽  
Alvin Mejia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Political Action ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Mobility Studies ◽  
The World ◽  
Diesel Buses ◽  
Mitigation Action ◽  
The City ◽  
Change Mitigation

Many cities all over the world highlight the need to transform their urban mobility systems into more sustainable ones, to confront pressing issues such as air and noise pollution, and to deliver on climate change mitigation action. While the support of innovations is high on the agenda of both national and local authorities, consciously phasing-out unsustainable technologies and practices is often neglected. However, this other side of the policy coin, ‘exnovation’, is a crucial element for the mobility transition. We developed a framework to facilitate a more comprehensive assessment of urban mobility transition policies, systematically integrating exnovation policies. It links exnovation functions as identified in transition studies with insights from urban mobility studies and empirical findings from eight city case studies around the world. The findings suggest that most cities use some kinds of exnovation policies to address selective urban mobility issues, e.g., phasing-out diesel buses, restricting the use of polluting motor vehicles in some parts of the city, etc. Still, we found no evidence for a systematic exnovation approach alongside the innovation policies. Our framework specifies exnovation functions for the urban mobility transition by lining out policy levers and concrete measure examples. We hope that the framework inspires future in-depth research, but also political action to advance the urban mobility transition.

scholarly journals Respon Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis terhadap Pemberian Dosis Limbah Industri Pengolahan Karet pada Tanah Podsolik

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Khairullah Khairullah ◽  
Mahdiannoor Mahdiannoor ◽  
Norhasanah Norhasanah
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Processing Industry ◽  
Rubber Industry ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Corn Plants

       Corn as a food ingredient ranks second after rice, besides it is also used as animal feed ingredients and industrial raw materials. Low productivity of corn due to varied soil fertility and not using superior varieties. To increase high yields, fertilization is needed, both chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers such as podsolic soil. The purpose of this study (i) to determine the response of growth and yield of maize to the provision of rubber processing industry waste on podsolic soil (ii) get the best dose of rubber processing industry waste for the growth and yield of corn plants on podsolic soil. The study was conducted in the village of Haruyan Seberang RT 05 Rw 02 Kec. Haruyan Kab, Hulu Sungai Tengah, from April - June 2012, used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 5 treatments and 5 replications, so that there were 25 experimental units. The factors tested were the administration of several doses of rubber industry waste, namely (k0) without treatment, (k1) 10 t.ha-1 = 3.4 kg.plot-1, (k2) 20 t.ha-1 = 6.8 kg.plot-1, (k3) 30 t.ha-1 = 10.2 kg.plot-1 and (k4) 40 t.ha-1 = 13.6 kg.plot-1. The results showed the response of corn stalk diameter aged 21 and 28 DAP, number of leaves aged 14 DAP and length of corn cobs planted; there was no response of plant height aged 14, 21 and 28 DAP, stem diameter of 14 DAP, number of leaves aged 21 and 28 DAP and weight of ear of crop on treatment of dosing of rubber industry waste. The best dose of rubber processing industry waste for growth and yield of corn plants is 40 t.ha-1 (13.6 kg.plot-1).

scholarly journals Australian Bushfires: Current trends, causes, and social-ecological impacts

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Lisa-Michéle Bott ◽  
Sebastian Fastenrath
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Southeast Coast ◽  
The World ◽  
Adaptation Processes ◽  
Extreme Fire

Bushfires are common events in Australia reaching their peak each summer season. However, the last bushfire season from July 2019 until March 2020 was unprecedented. An estimated area between 240,000 up to 400,000 km² burned, with the southeast coast being particularly affected. The images of burnt flora and fauna and the fires that raged for months went around the world. It became clear how vulnerable both Australia’s communities and ecosystems are to this natural hazard, which is becoming more frequent and intense. Australia’s southeast is increasingly vulnerable against the often sudden event of bushfires. This article discusses the current trends, causes for this extreme fire season, the socio-economic and ecological impacts, and the resulting adaptation processes.

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