Vibrational Data Communication Tools and Methods for Mining and Oil and Gas Extraction

Summary For the purpose of exploration and extraction, the drilling process in the mining and oil and gas industries is very complicated because of the obvious invisibility of the operation of the drill bit. Acoustic/vibrational telemetry has been of keen interest because it is so far the only method that allows a high data transfer rate as well as less data loss, over other methods. The method certainly depends on the use of the right communication tools and efficient communication schemes to achieve the highest data transfer rate. Although the acoustic method provides a very high data transmission rate, it also has its limitations. However, limitations can be overcome through certain approaches and the use of technologies. The proper use of a communication device with the steel pipe is the most important factor to consider so that the transducer works as the right actuator for the pipeline. The type of sensor that is used to pick up the data also plays a major role because signals are most likely to attenuate, and a sensitive sensor is necessary to collect these attenuated signals. This research demonstrates the use of a transducer as a communication device and oil and gas pipe as the medium of data transmission. The transducer can be used both as an actuator driver and as a receiver sensor. A new piezoelectric transducer was manufactured for this research, which was used with a test setup of a total 184 ft length of six oil and gas pipes. The test setup performed well and data were sent through this setup successfully. A communication scheme is developed using novel theories to achieve the highest data transfer rate. The scheme is tested with the transfer function data obtained from the experimental system. The communication scheme developed outputs a signal, which is a type of binary phase-shift keying signal data along with an equalizer filter. Then the signals developed from the scheme are used in the actual experimental setup to test the speed of the transmission and bit error rate (BER). For the six oil and gas pipes setup, the scheme provides a data transmission of 153 bits/sec (bps) with zero error percentage, which is high enough to use in any oil and gas industry.

ROUTE SELECTION METHOD FOR HIGH-DENSITY WIRELESS IOT NETWORK

Приводятся результаты исследования зависимости скорости передачи данных (ПД) от параметров маршрута в беспроводной сети интернета вещей. Предложен метод выбора количества и позиций узлов для организации маршрута в сети. Метод учитывает влияние расстояния между узлами маршрута и их количества на задержку доставки данных и скорость ПД по маршруту. Метод позволяет получить выигрыш в достижимой скорости ПД по сравнению с методами выбора маршрута по критерию количества транзитных узлов. The article presents theresults ofthe studyof thedependence of the data transfer rate on the route parameters in wireless Internet of Things (loT) networks. A method for choosing the number and positions of nodes for organizing a route in the loT network is proposed. The method takes into account the influence of the distance between the nodes of the route and their number on the delay in data delivery and the speed of data transmission along the route. The method allows one to obtain a gain in the attainable data transfer rate in comparison with methods of choosing a route based on the criterion of the number of transit nodes.

Relation of the data transfer rate of a reconfigurable computer system to the amount of data transferred

This paper is devoted to real time reconfigurable computing systems. The theme of research study of speed of algorithm’s work with different parameters of the system and search of optimum parameters. The aim of the study is to check the dependence of the speed of the algorithm reconfigurable real-time computing system, depending on the volume of data being transmitted. The study was conducted using min-max methods, by trying the number of processors and the volume of data transferred to find the best option out of the presented ones. A pattern was found, how the time gain varied with increasing data volume and at which parameters it reached the highest performance.

Highly Directive All-Dielectric Nanoantenna

A highly directive dielectric nanoantenna in an integrated chip may enable faster communication as their low losses and small size overcome the limitation of temperature enhancement and low data transfer rate. We optimize nanoantenna consist of Si-nanoblock in the near-infrared region to efficiently transfer a point dipole light to a highly directive light in the far-field region. We engineer the intrinsic electric and magnetic resonances of a Si-block nanoantenna by modifying and reducing its geometrical symmetry. We realize a pronounced enhancement of directivity by systematically inducing perturbation in the Silicon block so that both its reflection and rotational symmetries are broken. Finally, we retain the traditional method to increase resonance’s coupling to outer space by introducing substrate with an increasing refractive index. We find that the directivity has boosted rapidly.

Geolocation and diagnostics of trunk pipelines using an active acoustic sensor

The article discusses the issue of determining the location of the main pipeline to identify the deviation of its position from the design due to climatic factors. The possibility of using active sensors capable of operating both as diagnostic devices installed on the main pipeline and as a beacon is investigated, according to the signal of which it is possible to determine the location of this sensor with acceptable accuracy. The optimal operating frequencies are determined by mathematical modeling to ensure the maximum data transfer rate and the required signal-to-noise ratio. The simulation results show the possibility of assessing the attenuation of signals in the ground, as well as determining the limiting range of the method.

ALGORITHM OF SPATIAL POLARIZATION CODING FOR THE DATA TRANSMISSION SYSTEM OF THE COMBINED HF RADIO CENTER

Рассматриваются вопросы увеличения скорости передачи данных разнесенным радиоцентром декаметрового диапазона (с помощью поляризационного разнесения). Сделан обзор основных исследований и экспериментов, проводимых в этом направлении. Разработан алгоритм поляризационного пространственного кодирования и способ одновременного формирования волн с левой и правой круговыми поляризациями. Приведены результаты математического моделирования, показывающие работоспособность предложенного алгоритма. The article discusses the issues of increasing the data transfer rate by the spaced HF radio center using polarization diversity. A review of the main research and experiments carried out in this direction is made. An algorithm for polarization spatial coding and a method for the simultaneous formation of waves with left and right circular polarizations has been developed. The results of mathematical modeling showing the efficiency of the proposed algorithms are presented.

Model of the IoT access network based on the cell structure

The article analyzes the problems of implementation access networks in high-density communication networks, proposes a method for assessing the achievable data transfer rate, taking into account the mutual influences of network nodes, as well as a method for constructing the logical structure of the network. The possibility of constructing a network model in the form of a cell structure for which the methods of percolation theory are applicable is considered. The use of these methods makes it possible to obtain a structure with specified properties, which makes it possible to ensure the required quality of network functioning

DATA TRANSFER RATE IN NOISY CHANNELS OF WIRELESS NETWORKS

Analysis of new technologies IEEE 802.11ac/ax of wireless networks showed that increasing their noise immunity is an actual task. The article studies the efficiency of fragmented data frames transmission. Comparison of the efficiencies in the case of retransmission of the corrupted original frame and in the case of its fragmentation in a wide range of the physical data transfer rates is carried out.

Digital literacy of the population as a factor in the development of the digital economy in Russia

The article discusses issues related to the concept of "digital literacy" of the population, shows the importance of the population's possession of competencies related to the field of digital literacy. Criteria for determining the level of digital literacy of the population are proposed. In this paper, the study of the theoretical foundations of digital literacy is based on the assumption that a necessary condition for the formation of the digital economy in the country is to achieve not only quantitative indicators of the development of digital ecosystems (the number of connections to the Internet, data transfer rate, reasonable cost of Internet access, etc.) but also qualitative criteria, expressed in the level of digital literacy. The main trends in this area are reflected, current problems are identified, and prospects for the development of digital literacy and ways to improve it among the country's population are considered.